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RabbitMQ的使用--Spring AMQP（更新中）

news 来源：原创 2025/6/13 18:54:44

1.首先是创建项目

在一个父工程 mq_demo 的基础上建立两个子模块，生产者模块publisher，消费者模块 consumer
创建项目：
在这里插入图片描述
建立成功：

删除多余文件

创建子模块1：publisher（生产者模块）
右键-----new ----module

选中Java，填写publisher，选中maven，确认父模块

创建成功

同理：创建子模块2：consumer（消费者模式）

至此：项目创建完毕

2.进行基本配置（pom.xml、application.yml）

引入依赖：父模块引入依赖，子模块共享父模块依赖

pom.xml

<dependencies><!--AMQP依赖，包含 rabbitmq --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency><!--单元测试--><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies>

application.yml

logging:pattern:dateformat: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSSlevel:mq.listener:  debug
spring:rabbitmq:host: 127.0.0.1port: 5672username: guestpassword: guestvirtual-host: /

结构图：
在这里插入图片描述
建立具体的包结构，以及要用的一些类

消费者启动类：ConsumerApplication.class

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);}}

生产者启动类：PublisherApplication.class

@SpringBootApplication
public class PublisherApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(PublisherApplication.class, args);}
}

消费者监听类：SpringRabbitListerner.class

@Component
public class SpringRabbitListerner {@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.simple")public void listenSimpleQueueMessage(String msg){System.out.println("简单模式-消费者消费消息："+msg);}
}

生产者启动类：SpringAmqpTest.class

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringAmqpTest {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate  rabbitTemplate;@Testpublic void testSendSimpleMessage() {String simpleQueue = "queue.simple";String message = "hello world";rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(simpleQueue,message);}
}

做到这里，就已经可以进行mq的消息进行发送和获取了。

3.Spring AMQP的五种工作模式

生产者启动类：SpringAmqpTest.class

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringAmqpTest {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate  rabbitTemplate;@Testpublic void testSendSimpleMessage() {String simpleQueue = "queue.simple";String message = "hello world";rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(simpleQueue,message);}@Testpublic void testSendWorkQueue(){String workQueue = "queue.work";for(int i=1 ;i<=10;i++){String message = "hello world.."+i;rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(workQueue,message);}}@Testpublic void testSendFanout(){String fanoutExchange = "amq.fanout";String message = "hello world fanout..";rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(fanoutExchange,"",message);}@Testpublic void testSendDirect(){String directExchange = "amq.direct";String message = "hello world direct..";rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(directExchange,"red",message);}}

消费者监听类：SpringRabbitListerner.class

@Component
public class SpringRabbitListerner {@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.simple")public void listenSimpleQueueMessage(String msg){System.out.println("简单模式-消费者消费消息："+msg);}@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.work")public void listenWorkQueueMessage1(String msg){System.out.println("工作模式-消费者消费消息："+msg);}@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.work")public void listenWorkQueueMessage2(String msg){System.out.println("工作模式-消费者消费消息2："+msg);}@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.fanout1")public  void listenFanoutQueueMessage1(String msg){System.out.println("发布订阅模式-消费者1消费消息："+msg);}@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.fanout2")public  void listenFanoutQueueMessage2(String msg){System.out.println("发布订阅模式-消费者2消费消息："+msg);}@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.direct1")public void listenDirectQueueMessage(String msg){System.out.println("路由模式-消费者消费消息："+msg);}@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.direct2")public void listenTopicQueueMessage1(String msg){System.out.println("路由模式-消费者1消费消息："+msg);}}

所用到的配置类：
主要是建立交换机、建立队列、绑定交换机和队列关系的
订阅者模式

@Configuration
public class FunoutConfig {@Beanpublic FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {return new FanoutExchange("amq.fanout");}@Beanpublic Queue  queue1() {return new Queue("queue.fanout1");}@Beanpublic Queue   queue2() {return new Queue("queue.fanout2");}@Beanpublic Binding binding1(Queue queue1, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1).to(fanoutExchange);}@Beanpublic Binding binding2(Queue queue2, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {return BindingBuilder.bind(queue2).to(fanoutExchange);}}

路由模式

@Configuration
public class DirectConfig {@Beanpublic DirectExchange directExchange(){return new DirectExchange("amq.direct");}@Beanpublic Queue directQueue1(){return new Queue("queue.direct1");}@Beanpublic Queue directQueue2(){return new Queue("queue.direct2");}@Beanpublic Binding  directBinding1(Queue queue1, DirectExchange directExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1).to(directExchange).with("yellow");}@Beanpublic Binding  directBinding2(Queue queue2, DirectExchange directExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queue2).to(directExchange).with("red");}}