振动分析师（ISO18436-2）四级能力矩阵 - 简介

本文的内容绝大多数来自：VCAT-II Vibration Analyst - Mobius Institute相关振动分析员培训招生彩页，特此致谢！内容整理参见：振动分析师四级能力矩阵 - 知乎。

CAT I 振动分析技术员

1.1角色画像

• Collect vibration data
• Validate that the data is good
• Begin to perform basic analysis
• Use the training and certification as the start of a new and rewarding career as a vibration analyst

1.2能力描述

1. Maintenance practices • Reactive, preventive, condition-based, proactive • How to decide between them
2. Condition monitoring • Why it works • Ultrasound, infrared, oil analysis, wear particle analysis, and electric motor testing
3. Principals of vibration • Waveforms • Metrics: overall levels, RMS, Pk, Pk-to-Pk, and crest factor
4. Introduction to vibration measurement • Vibration sensors: displacement, velocity, acceleration • Vibration units • Mounting: where and how • Naming conventions • Repeatability and quality • Vibration axes: V, H, A, R and T • What are “routes” and how do you create them? • Detecting and avoiding poor data
5. An introduction to the time waveform
6. An introduction to the spectrum • An introduction to forcing frequencies
7. A brief introduction to phase Signal processing (just the absolute basics) • A quick tour of your analyzer settings • Fmax • Resolution • Spectral averaging
8. Vibration analysis • The spectrum analysis process
9. What is resonance - a quick introduction Diagnosing common fault conditions • Unbalance • Misalignment • Rolling element bearing failure • Looseness • Resonance
10. Setting alarm limits

1.3学习要点

1.  Knowledge about condition monitoring, including a summary of the most common technologies
2. Knowledge about reliability improvement
3. How vibration analysis plays a key role in reliability improvement
4. How machines work via the supplementary self-study “equipment knowledge” section of  the manual
5. The fundamentals of vibration: waveforms, spectra, and simple metrics (overall levels, RMS, peak, peak to peak, and crest factor)
6. How to take dependable, repeatable, high-quality vibration readings
7. About vibration sensors, and how and where to mount them
8. The basics of the analysis process, primarily with vibration spectra
9. The basics of the key analyzer settings: Fmax, resolution, and averaging
10. The basics of setting alarm limits
11. The common “failure modes” of machines and how to detect them, including rolling element bearing faults, unbalance, misalignment, looseness, and resonance

1.4培训样例

Duration: 30 hours, typically over four days

Format: • Live public course • Private on-site course • Virtual live online course • Video distance learning online course

Compliance: • Training: ISO 18436-2 • Certification: ISO 18436-2, ISO/IE 17024

Exam: • 2 hours • 60 multiple-choice questions • 70% passing grade • Can be taken online or in-person at the course

Certification requirements: • Training course completed • 6-months of practical vibration analysis work experience, verified by supervisor/manager • Pass the exam • Valid for 5 years

Pre-study: • Access to the Learning Zone upon registration and payment. For online distance learning, access to the learning platform for four months from registration and payment • Complete set of videos covering every topic • An excellent way to be prepared and get the most from the course

Post-study: • Continue accessing the Learning Zone for 4 months after completing your course. Plus, enjoy the option to upgrade to a 1-year Continued Education plan for extended learning • Continue learning for free on WWW.MOBIUSCONNECT.COM with online forums, webinars, tutorials, etc

CAT II 振动分析员

you will transition from being a person who is primarily capable of collecting data to a person who can diagnose faults on critical machinery, and in some cases, prevent or correct them.

2.1角色画像

• Collect vibration data
• Validate that the data is good
• Set up the analyzer for routine data collection and special tests
• Diagnose most of the common fault conditions
• Perform special tests to validate unbalance, misalignment, resonance, looseness, and other conditions
• Know how to perform precision shaft alignment and balancing
• Use the training and certification as the next step in a rewarding career as a vibration analyst

2.2能力描述

1. Increase your knowledge on maintenance practices, condition monitoring, and the common condition monitoring technologies
2. Increase your knowledge about data collection, testing techniques, sensor types, and so on
3. Learn a great deal about signal processing and the settings of your vibration analyzer
4. Increase your knowledge of spectrum analysis, time waveform analysis, and phase analysis
5. Understand why phase analysis and time waveform analysis are both critical tools used by the vibration analyst
6. Learn common failure modes and how to detect them, including unbalance, misalignment, looseness, resonance, pump/fan/compressor vane, and flow issues, cavitation, turbulence, gearbox failures, rolling element bearing failure, and more • Learn high-frequency bearing and gear fault detection techniques: demodulation, enveloping, shock pulse, PeakVue, Spike Energy, and others
7. Be able to use spectra, phase readings, time waveforms, bump and impact tests, to test for
8. looseness, resonance, and other conditions
9. Learn precision shaft alignment and soft foot correction
10. Learn single and two-plane balancing
11. Learn the basics of setting alarm

2.3 学习要点

1. Review of maintenance practices Review of condition monitoring technologies
2. Principals of vibration • Complete review of basics • Waveform, spectrum (FFT), phase and orbits • Understanding signals: modulation, beating, sum/difference
3. Data acquisition • Transducer types: Non-contact displacement Proximity probes, velocity sensors, and accelerometers • Transducer selection • Transducer mounting and natural frequency • Measurement point selection • Following routes, and test planning Common measurement errors
4. Signal processing • Filters: Low pass, band pass, high pass, band stop • Sampling, aliasing, dynamic range • Resolution, Fmax, data collection time • Averaging: linear, overlap, peak hold, time synchronous • Windowing and leakage
5. Vibration analysis • Spectrum analysis • Time waveform analysis (introduction) • Orbit analysis (introduction) • Phase analysis: bubble diagrams and ODS • Enveloping (demodulation), shock pulse, spike energy, PeakVue
6. Fault analysis • Natural frequencies and resonances • Unbalance, eccentricity and bent shaft • Misalignment, cocked bearing and soft foot • Mechanical looseness • Rolling element bearing analysis • Analysis of induction motors • Analysis of gears • Analysis of belt-driven machines • Analysis of pumps, compressors, and fans
7. Equipment testing and diagnostics • Impact testing and bump tests • Phase analysis
8. Corrective action • General maintenance repair activities • Review of balancing process • Review of shaft alignment
9. Setting alarm limits • Setting baselines • Setting alarms: band, envelope/mask, statistical
10. Acceptance testing
11. Review of relevant ISO standards

2.4培训样例

Duration: 38 hours, typically over five days

Format: • Live public course • Private on-site course • Virtual online course • Video distance learning online courses

Compliance: • Training: ISO 18436-2 • Certification: ISO 18436-2, ISO/IE 17024

Exam: • 3 hours • 100 multiple-choice questions • 70% passing grade • Can be taken online or in-person at the course

Certification requirements: • Training course completed • 18-months of practical vibration analysis work experience, verified by supervisor/manager • Pass the exam • Valid for 5 years

Pre-study: • Access to the Learning Zone upon registration and payment. For online distance learning, access to the learning platform four months from registration and payment • Complete set of videos covering every topic  • An excellent way to be prepared and get the most from the course

Post-study: • Continue accessing the Learning Zone for 4 months  after completing your course. Plus, enjoy the option to upgrade to a 1-year Continued Education plan for  extended learning • Continue learning for free on  WWW.MOBIUSCONNECT.COM with online forums, webinars, tutorials, etc.

CAT III 振动分析师

The key is that with the VCAT-III course, you will transition from being a vibration analyst who should be supervised to a person who is capable of running the program, being a senior consultant, solving difficult problems, and taking a leadership role.

3.1角色画像

• Have a minimum of 3 years of experience
• Have a senior role in the condition monitoring team
• Have others report to them to verify diagnoses
• Be responsible for the most complex fault conditions (with the possible exception of sleeve bearing, flexible rotor machines)
• Need to perform complex tests to validate fault conditions (e.g., resonance) and find a solution
• Want to be a leader of the vibration team or take a leading role in diagnosing faults and making repair recommendations
• Want to understand all data collector options, special test capabilities, all analysis tools and understand the widest range of fault conditions
• Seek to become certified to international standards (ISO-18436) by an accredited certification body
• Want to understand all condition monitoring technologies, how and when to apply them
• Want to understand machine dynamics (natural frequencies, resonance, ODS), how to perform resonance testing and how to correct resonance problems
• Use the training and certification as the next step in a rewarding career as a vibration analyst

3.2能力描述

1. Signal processing • Filters: Low pass, band pass, high pass, band stop • Sampling, aliasing, dynamic range • Signal-to-noise ration • Resolution, Fmax, data collection time • Averaging: linear, overlap, peak hold, time synchronous • Windowing and leakage • Order tracking • Cross-channel measurements • Correlation and coherence
2. Time waveform analysis • Collecting data - ensuring you have the correct setup • When should you use time waveform analysis? • Diagnosing unbalance, misalignment, bent shaft, eccentricity, cocked bearing, resonance, looseness, and other conditions
3. Phase analysis • Collecting data • Bubble diagrams • Diagnosing unbalance, misalignment, bent shaft, eccentricity, cocked bearing, resonance, looseness, and other conditions
4. Dynamics (natural frequencies and resonance) • Natural frequencies and resonances • Mass, stiffness, and damping • SDOF and MDOF
5. Testing for natural frequencies • Run-up coast down tests • Bode plots and Nyquist (polar) plots • Impact and bump tests
6. Operating Deflection Shape (ODS) analysis • Can we prove the existence of a natural frequency? • Visualizing vibration • Setting up the job • Collecting phase readings correctly • Interpreting the deflection shape • Using Motion Amplification
7. Modal analysis and intro to FEA • How does modal analysis differ from ODS? • How does Finite Element Analysis (FEA) differ from modal analysis • A quick review of the modal testing process
8. Correcting resonances • The effect of mass and stiffness • Beware of nodal points • Adding damping • A “trial and error” approach • A “scientific” approach • Isolation • Tuned absorbers and tuned mass dampers
9. Rolling element bearing fault detection • Why do bearings fall? • Cocked bearing, sliding on the shaft or inside the housing, looseness • EDM and DC motors and VFDs • Bearing frequencies and what to do when you don’t have all the details • The four stages of bearing degradation • Ultrasound • High-frequency detection techniques • Shock Pulse, Spike Energy, Peak vue, and other techniques • Demodulation/enveloping • Selecting the correct filter settings • Spectrum analysis • Time waveform analysis • Low-speed bearings
10. Journal bearing fault detection • What are journal bearings? • Measuring displacement • Introduction to orbit plots • Using your analyzer to acquire orbit plots • Introduction to centerline diagrams • Eccentricity ratio • Glitch removal • How the orbit changes with pre-load, unbalance, misalignment, instabilities, oil whir and whip
11. Electric motor testing • How do motors work? • Diagnosing a range of fault conditions: eccentric rotor, eccentric stator, soft foot, phasing, broken rotor bars, rotor bar, and stator slot pass frequencies • Motor current analysis
12. Pumps, fans, and compressors • Unique fault conditions • Flow turbulence, recirculation, cavitation
13. Gearbox fault detection • Spectrum analysis versus time waveform analysis • Wear particle analysis • Gearmesh, gear assembly phase frequency (and common factors) •Tooth load, broken teeth, gear eccentricity and misalignment, backlash and more
14. Corrective action • General maintenance repair activities • Review of the balancing process and ISO balance grades • Review of shaft alignment procedures
15. Running a successful condition monitoring program • Defining the program • Setting baselines • Setting alarms: band, envelope/mask, statistical • Setting goals and expectations (avoiding common problems) • Report generation • Reporting success stories
16. Review of relevant ISO standards

3.3学习要点

1. Review of condition monitoring technologies
2. Signal processing and data acquisition
3. Time waveform analysis
4. Phase analysis
5. Dynamics (natural frequencies and resonance)
6. Testing for natural frequencies
7. Operating Deflection Shape (ODS) analysis
8. Modal analysis and introduction to FEA
9. Correcting resonances
10. Rolling element bearing fault detection
11. Journal bearing fault detection
12. Electric motor testing
13. Pumps, fans, and compressors
14. Gearbox fault detection
15. Corrective action
16. Acceptance testing

3.4培训样例

Duration: 38 hours, typically over five days

Format: • Live public course • Private on-site course • Virtual online course • Video distance learning online courses

Compliance: • Training: ISO 18436-2 • Certification: ISO 18436-2, ISO/IE 17024

Exam: • 4 hours • 100 multiple-choice questions • 70% passing grade • Can be taken online or in-person at the course

Certification requirements: • Training course completed • 36-months of practical vibration analysis work experience, verified by supervisor/manager • Have previously been certified to VCAT-II by a MIBoC-approved certification body • Pass the exam • Valid for 5 years

Pre-study: • Access to the “Learning Zone” upon registration and payment • Complete set of videos covering every topic • An excellent way to be prepared and get the most from the course

Post-study: • Continue accessing the Learning Zone for 4 months after completing your course. Plus, enjoy the option to upgrade to a 1-year Continued Education plan for extended learning • Continue learning for free on WWW.MOBIUSCONNECT.COM with online forums, webinars, tutorials, etc.

CAT IV 振动分析领域专家

The key is that with the VCAT-IV course, you will transition from being a very good vibration analyst to a vibration super-hero!

4.1 角色画像

•  Have a minimum of 5 years of experience
•  Have a senior role in the condition monitoring team, but you want to go beyond and truly reach the peak of the vibration world
• Be able to understand the measurements associated with critical turbomachinery and other fluid-film bearing machines
•  Be able to do everything the Category III can do

4.3 能力描述

1. Principles of vibration • Vectors, modulation • Phase • Natural frequency, resonance, critical speeds • Force, response, damping, stiffness • Instabilities, non-linear systems • Torsional vibration • Instrumentation • Proximity probe operation, conventions, glitch removal • Shaft and casing measurements
2. Signal processing • RMS/peak detection • Analog/digital conversion • Analog sampling, digital sampling • FFT computation • Filters: low pass, high pass, band pass, tracking • Anti-aliasing • Bandwidth, resolution • Noise reduction • Averaging: linear, synchronous time, exponential • Dynamic range • Signal-to-noise ratio • Spectral maps
3. Fault analysis • Spectrum analysis, harmonics, sidebands • Time waveform analysis • Orbit analysis • Shaft centerline analysis • Transient analysis • Unbalance, bent shaft, cracked shaft, eccentricity, rubs, instabilities
4. Fault analysis (continued) • Resonance and critical speeds • Turbomachinery
5. Phase analysis • Transient analysis • Enveloping • Electric motor defects • Flow-induced vibration, aerodynamics, and liquids • General fault recognition
6. Rotor/bearing dynamics • Rotor/bearing dynamics • Rotor characteristics • Rotor modeling (rotor, wheels, bearings, aerodynamic effects) • Bearing characteristics (fluid film bearings, housing, and supports, seals, couplings)
7. Corrective action • Flow control • Isolation and damping • Resonance control • Low and high-speed shop balancing • Field balancing (single plane, two plane, static/couple, flexible rotor)
8. Equipment testing and diagnostics • Impact testing • Forced response testing • Transient analysis • Transfer functions • Damping evaluation • Cross channel phase, coherence • Operating deflection shapes • Modal analysis
9. Fault severity determination • Spectrum analysis • Time waveform analysis, orbit analysis • Severity charts, graphs and formula
10. Reference standards • ISO • IEC • Relevant national standards

4.3 学习要点

1.  Advanced signal processing
2.  Cross channel measurements
3.  Dynamics (mass/stiffness/damping, natural frequencies, modes)
4. Resonance testing (run-up/coast down tests, impact tests, ODS, modal analysis)
5. Corrective action (flow control, resonance correction, isolation, and damping)
6. Proximity probe and casing measurements
7. Orbit and centerline plot analysis
8. Rotor dynamics (natural frequencies, modeling)
9. Journal bearings (design, fluid film instabilities)
10. Flexible rotor balancing
11. Torsional vibration

4.4 培训样例

Duration: 64 hours total: Part 1: Online Distance Learning. You will have access to online course videos and study materials Part 2: 5-day in-person course with optional exam

Compliance: • Training: ISO 18436-2 • Certification: ISO 18436-2, ISO/IEC 17024

Exam: • 5 hours • 60 multiple-choice questions, with calculations required • 70% passing grade • Can be taken online or in-person at the course

Certification requirements: • Training course completed • 60 months of practical vibration analysis work experience, verified by supervisor/manager. • Have previously been certified to VCAT-III by a MIBoC approved certification body • Pass the exam • Valid for 5 years

Post-study: • Continue accessing the Learning Zone for 4 months after completing your course. Plus, enjoy the option to upgrade to a 1-Year Continued Education