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poi 将图片写入到excel文件中

news 来源：原创 2025/5/10 8:05:25

功能点说明

作用：将图片写入到指定的excel文件（或output流）

依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
	<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
	<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
	<version>5.6.3</version>
</dependency>

注意：这两个版本不一样的话可能会有版本对应的问题

用法代码解析

/**
row 行
col 列
data 图片数据byte数组
workbook 目标
patriarch 画图对象
**/
    public static void writeImg(Integer row, Integer col, byte[] data, Workbook workbook, Drawing<?> patriarch) {
    	//构建定位器（即要写入的图片写哪个格子、占多少格之类的）
        XSSFClientAnchor anchor = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 1023, 1023, col.shortValue(), row.shortValue(), col.shortValue() + 1, row.shortValue() + 1);
        anchor.setAnchorType(ClientAnchor.AnchorType.MOVE_AND_RESIZE);
        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(data, XSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
    }

实战

import cn.hutool.core.collection.CollUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import cn.hutool.poi.excel.BigExcelWriter;
import cn.hutool.poi.excel.ExcelWriter;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import cn.hutool.poi.excel.ExcelUtil;
import cn.hutool.poi.excel.StyleSet;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Person> objects = CollUtil.newArrayList();
        Person person = null;
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            File file = new File("/12.jpg");
            File file1 = new File("/房子.jpeg");
            person = Person.builder()
                    .age(10+i)
                    .name("张三" + i)
                    .url(i % 2 == 0 ? FileUtil.readBytes(file) : FileUtil.readBytes(file1))
                    .build();
            objects.add(person);
        }
        getExcelByBean(objects);
    }


    private static void getExcelByBean(List<Person> list) {
        //excel大数据生成
        File file = new File("/目标.xlsx");
        BigExcelWriter writer = ExcelUtil.getBigWriter(file);
        Workbook workbook = writer.getWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = writer.getSheet();
        //设置默认高度
        sheet.setDefaultRowHeight((short) 1000);
        writer.addHeaderAlias("name", "姓名");
        writer.addHeaderAlias("age", "年龄");
        writer.addHeaderAlias("url", "图片");
        //构建画图对象
        Drawing<?> patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        int j = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 20 * 256);
            Person person = list.get(i);
            byte[] url = person.getUrl();
            //这个要注意，2指的图片位置，从0开始
            writeImg(j++, 2, url, workbook, patriarch);
            person.setUrl(null);
        }
        StyleSet style = writer.getStyleSet();
        CellStyle cellStyle = style.getCellStyleForDate();
        cellStyle.setDataFormat(writer.getWorkbook().createDataFormat().getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        writer.write(list);
        writer.flush();
        writer.close();
    }



    public static void writeImg(Integer row, Integer col, byte[] data, Workbook workbook, Drawing<?> patriarch) {
        XSSFClientAnchor anchor = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 1023, 1023, col.shortValue(), row.shortValue(), col.shortValue() + 1, row.shortValue() + 1);
        anchor.setAnchorType(ClientAnchor.AnchorType.MOVE_AND_RESIZE);
        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(data, XSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
    }

    @Builder
    @Data
    public static  class Person {
        private String name;
        private int age;
        private byte[] url;
    }

}

应用实战

	private static void getExcelByBean(List<Person> list, HttpServletResponse response) {
        //excel大数据生成
        File file = new File("/目标.xlsx");
        BigExcelWriter writer = ExcelUtil.getBigWriter(file);
        Workbook workbook = writer.getWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = writer.getSheet();
        //设置默认高度
        sheet.setDefaultRowHeight((short) 1000);
        writer.addHeaderAlias("name", "姓名");
        writer.addHeaderAlias("age", "年龄");
        writer.addHeaderAlias("url", "图片");
        
        //构建画图对象
        Drawing<?> patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        int j = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 20 * 256);
            Person person = list.get(i);
            byte[] url = person.getUrl();
            //这个要注意，2指的图片位置，从0开始
            writeImg(j++, 2, url, workbook, patriarch);
            person.setUrl(null);
        }
        StyleSet style = writer.getStyleSet();
        CellStyle cellStyle = style.getCellStyleForDate();
        cellStyle.setDataFormat(writer.getWorkbook().createDataFormat().getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
		
		response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
		response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode("文件123.xlsx"),"utf-8"));
		
		ServletOutPutStream outputStream = response.getOutputSteam();

        writer.write(list);
        writer.flush(outputStream);
        writer.close();
    }



    public static void writeImg(Integer row, Integer col, byte[] data, Workbook workbook, Drawing<?> patriarch) {
        XSSFClientAnchor anchor = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 1023, 1023, col.shortValue(), row.shortValue(), col.shortValue() + 1, row.shortValue() + 1);
        anchor.setAnchorType(ClientAnchor.AnchorType.MOVE_AND_RESIZE);
        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(data, XSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
    }

    public static  class Person {

        private String name;
        private int age;
        private byte[] url;

        public Person() {
        }

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public int getAge() {
            return age;
        }

        public void setAge(int age) {
            this.age = age;
        }

        public byte[] getUrl() {
            return url;
        }

        public void setUrl(byte[] url) {
            this.url = url;
        }
    }

图片并排填充可以参考文章（点此跳转）

单元格合并参考文章（点此跳转）
单元格合并代码样例

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MergeRowsExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建工作簿
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet1");

        // 创建行和单元格
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Row row = sheet.createRow(i);
            Cell cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue("Value " + i);
        }

        // 合并行，从第 2 行到第 4 行
        sheet.addMergedRegion(new org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress(2, 4, 0, 0));

        try (FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("merged_rows.xlsx")) {
            workbook.write(outputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}