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Dubbo（53）如何在Spring Boot中集成Dubbo？

news 来源：原创 2025/5/10 22:47:01

在Spring Boot中集成Dubbo可以通过Spring Boot Starter来简化配置，以下是详细的步骤和相关代码示例。

1. 引入依赖

首先，在Spring Boot项目的 pom.xml 中添加Dubbo相关的依赖：

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Boot Starter -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Boot Starter for Dubbo -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version> <!-- 使用合适的版本 -->
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Boot Starter for Nacos (作为配置中心和注册中心) -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>nacos-config-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>nacos-discovery-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.10</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置Dubbo

在 application.yml 中配置Dubbo和Nacos：

spring:
  application:
    name: dubbo-demo-provider

  # 配置Nacos作为注册中心和配置中心
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      config:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        file-extension: yaml

dubbo:
  application:
    name: dubbo-demo-provider
  registry:
    address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20880
  scan:
    base-packages: com.example.dubbo.provider

3. 定义服务接口

定义一个服务接口，例如：

package com.example.dubbo;

public interface MyService {
    String sayHello(String name);
}

4. 实现服务提供者

在Spring Boot项目中实现服务提供者，并使用 @DubboService 注解：

package com.example.dubbo.provider;

import com.example.dubbo.MyService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;

@DubboService
public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService {
    @Override
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "Hello, " + name;
    }
}

5. 启动类

创建Spring Boot的启动类：

package com.example.dubbo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DubboProviderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DubboProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

6. 服务消费者

在另一个Spring Boot项目中配置Dubbo和Nacos，并编写服务消费者代码。

服务消费者 pom.xml：

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Boot Starter -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Boot Starter for Dubbo -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version> <!-- 使用合适的版本 -->
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Boot Starter for Nacos (作为配置中心和注册中心) -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>nacos-config-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>nacos-discovery-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.10</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

服务消费者 application.yml：

spring:
  application:
    name: dubbo-demo-consumer

  # 配置Nacos作为注册中心和配置中心
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      config:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        file-extension: yaml

dubbo:
  application:
    name: dubbo-demo-consumer
  registry:
    address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848
  scan:
    base-packages: com.example.dubbo.consumer

服务消费者代码：

package com.example.dubbo.consumer;

import com.example.dubbo.MyService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MyServiceConsumer implements CommandLineRunner {

    @DubboReference
    private MyService myService;

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(myService.sayHello("Dubbo"));
    }
}

服务消费者启动类：

package com.example.dubbo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DubboConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DubboConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}