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解决python manage.py shell ModuleNotFoundError: No module named xxx

news 2025/7/8 0:21:54

报错如下：

python manage.py shell

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/z/Documents/project/c/manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/z/.virtualenvs/c/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 442, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/z/.virtualenvs/c/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 416, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "/Users/z/.virtualenvs/c/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/Users/z/.virtualenvs/c/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 91, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/z/.virtualenvs/c/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 193, in create
    import_module(entry)
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.12/3.12.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/importlib/__init__.py", line 90, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1387, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1360, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1324, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'xxx'

原因是 manage.py文件里的内容没有导入项目的路径到环境变量里，正确的内容如下：

import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app_path = os.path.dirname(sys.path[0])
    sys.path.append(app_path)
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "xxx.settings")
    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)