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识别干扰验证码——Python || Tesseract-OCR

news 2025/7/14 11:25:10

首先安装Tesseract-OCR

python实现获取

JAVA实现获取

首先安装Tesseract-OCR

可自行搜索Tesseract-OCR安装方法

python实现获取

提高识别成功率：
# 转换为灰度图像
image = image.convert('L')
image.save('L.png')

# 二值化处理
threshold = 130
table = []
for i in range(256):
    if i < threshold:
        table.append(0)
    else:
        table.append(1)
image = image.point(table, '1')
需要优化：

请求失败，可以根据返回的结果。判断重新获取验证码，还是返回响应失败的原因。

# Tesseract-OCR 读取干扰验证码
import time
from PIL import Image
import pytesseract
import requests


def searchId(waybillNo):

    # 获取会话中的JSESSIONID------
    response = requests.get('https://www.xxx.com/api/verifyCode?' + str(int(time.time() * 1000)))
    # 获取响应中的 cookie
    jession_id = response.cookies.get('JSESSIONID')    # 打印 cookie
    print(jession_id)

    try:
        # 获取验证码
        CodeUrl = 'https://www.xxx.com/api/verifyCode?' + str(int(time.time() * 1000))
        print(CodeUrl)
        headers = {
            "Cookie": "_bl_uid=7Omv727F2vUlFwjLtaXkav10ggsa; JSESSIONID="+jession_id
        }
        # 携带Cookie发送请求获取验证码图片
        response = requests.get(CodeUrl,headers=headers)

        # 保存图片
        if response.status_code == 200:
            with open("verify_code.png", "wb") as f:
                f.write(response.content)
            print("验证码图片已保存为 verify_code.png")
        else:
            print("请求失败，状态码:", response.status_code)

        # 打开图片并进行处理
        image = Image.open('verify_code.png')

        # 转换为灰度图像
        image = image.convert('L')
        image.save('L.png')
        # 二值化处理
        threshold = 130
        table = []
        for i in range(256):
            if i < threshold:
                table.append(0)
            else:
                table.append(1)
        image = image.point(table, '1')
        # 查看处理后的图片
        # image.save('2.png')

        # 获取图片数字
        codeText = pytesseract.image_to_string(image, config='--psm 10 --oem 3 -c tessedit_char_whitelist=0123456789')

        # 携带运单号+验证码+cookie获取信息
        BASE_URL = "https://www.xxx.com"  # 请替换为实际的BASE_URL
        #waybillNo = "93387172455"  # 请替换为实际的运单号

        # 拼接请求获取数据
        dhurl = f"{BASE_URL}/eos/awb/{waybillNo}/{codeText}"
        print(dhurl.replace('\n',''))
        response = requests.get(dhurl.replace('\n',''), headers=headers)
        data = response.json()
        print(data)

    except Exception as e:
        print("获取失败:" + waybillNo)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    searchId('93387172455')

JAVA实现获取

    @PostMapping(value = "/getPdInfo", produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8")
    @ResponseBody
    public String getPdInfo(@RequestBody List<String> items) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (String item : items) {
            if (!item.equals("")) {
                sb.append(getPdDhHtml(item)+"<hr>");
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private static JsonNode getDhJson(String dh) {
        String jsessionid="";
        try {
            // 获取会话 中的JSESSIONID
            // 创建 URL 对象
            URL url1 = new URL("https://www.xxx.com/api/verifyCode?" + System.currentTimeMillis());

            // 打开连接
            HttpURLConnection connection1 = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();

            // 设置请求方法
            connection1.setRequestMethod("GET");

            // 获取响应码
            int responseCode1 = connection1.getResponseCode();
            //System.out.println("Response Code: " + responseCode1);

            // 获取 Set-Cookie
            String cookies = connection1.getHeaderField("Set-Cookie");

            // 使用正则表达式匹配 JSESSIONID 的值
            Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("JSESSIONID=([^;]+);");
            Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(cookies);

//            String jsessionid="";
            if (matcher.find()) {
                jsessionid = matcher.group(1);
            } else {
                System.out.println("未找到 JSESSIONID");
            }
            // 关闭连接
            connection1.disconnect();

            // 获取验证码
            String codeUrl = "https://www.xxx.com/api/verifyCode?" + System.currentTimeMillis();
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("Cookie", "_bl_uid=7Omv727F2vUlFwjLtaXkav10ggsa; JSESSIONID="+jsessionid);

            URL url = new URL(codeUrl);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                connection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }

            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
            if (responseCode == 200) {
                InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();
                FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(jsessionid+"verify_code.png");
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int bytesRead;
                while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                }
                fileOutputStream.close();
                inputStream.close();
            } else {
                System.out.println("请求失败，状态码: " + responseCode);
            }

            BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File(jsessionid+"verify_code.png"));

            // 转换为灰度图像
            BufferedImage grayImage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
            grayImage.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);

            // 保存灰度图像文件
//            try {
//                File output = new File("path_to_save_gray_image.png");
//                ImageIO.write(grayImage, "png", output);
//                System.out.println("灰度图像已保存到: " + output.getAbsolutePath());
//            } catch (IOException e) {
//                e.printStackTrace();
//            }

            // 二值化处理
            int threshold = 180;
            for (int y = 0; y < grayImage.getHeight(); y++) {
                for (int x = 0; x < grayImage.getWidth(); x++) {
                    int rgb = grayImage.getRGB(x, y);
                    int gray = (rgb >> 16) & 0xFF;
                    if (gray < threshold) {
                        grayImage.setRGB(x, y, 0xFF000000); // 黑色
                    } else {
                        grayImage.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // 白色
                    }
                }
            }

            // 保存二值化图像到文件
//            try {
//                File output = new File("path_to_save_binarized_image.png");
//                ImageIO.write(grayImage, "png", output);
//                System.out.println("二值化图像已保存到: " + output.getAbsolutePath());
//            } catch (IOException e) {
//                e.printStackTrace();
//            }

            // 获取图片数字
            Tesseract tesseract = new Tesseract();
            tesseract.setDatapath("D:\\work\\Tesseract-OCR\\tessdata"); // 设置tessdata路径
            tesseract.setLanguage("eng"); // 设置语言为英语
            tesseract.setTessVariable("tessedit_char_whitelist", "0123456789"); // 设置字符白名单为数字
            String codeText = tesseract.doOCR(grayImage);

            String baseUrl = "https://www.xxx.com";
            // String waybillNo = "93387172455";
            String dhurl = baseUrl + "/eos/awb/" + dh + "/" + codeText.replaceAll("\\D","");

            URL dhUrl = new URL(dhurl);
            HttpURLConnection dhConnection = (HttpURLConnection) dhUrl.openConnection();
            dhConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
                dhConnection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }

            int dhResponseCode = dhConnection.getResponseCode();
            if (dhResponseCode == 200) {
                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(dhConnection.getInputStream()));
                String inputLine;
                StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
                while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    response.append(inputLine);
                }
                in.close();
//                System.out.println(response.toString());


                ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
                JsonNode rootNode = objectMapper.readTree(response.toString());
                String msg = rootNode.get("msg").asText();
                if ("null".equals(msg)) {//等于null说明成功
                    return rootNode.get("data");
                }else if ("运单号不合法！！".equals(msg)){
                    return rootNode.get("msg");
                }else if ("系统异常".equals(msg)){
                    return rootNode.get("msg");
                }

            } else {
                System.out.println("请求失败，状态码: " + dhResponseCode);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("异常"+e);
        }finally {
            //删除验证码图片
            File imageFile = new File(jsessionid+"verify_code.png");
            if (imageFile.exists()) {
                imageFile.delete();
//                boolean isDeleted = imageFile.delete();
//                if (isDeleted) {
//                    System.out.println("图片已成功删除");
//                } else {
//                    System.out.println("图片删除失败");
//                }
            }
        }
        // 失败则再次发起
        return getDhJson(dh);
    }

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