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如何使用cpp操作香橙派GPIO --使用＜wiringPi.h＞

news 来源：原创 2025/5/19 8:00:38

香橙派是国产SBC ，对标树莓派。不过国内的开发环境确实挺惨的，没多少帖子讨论。楼主决定从今天起，不定期更新香橙派的教程。

今天的教程是如何使用香橙派下载wiringOP 并使用CPP操作GPIO

操作GPIO

下载wiringPi

检查git 版本
克隆wiringPi 仓库
最后检查wiringOP 是否在仓库中

orangepi@orangepi3b:~$ git --version
git version 2.34.1
orangepi@orangepi3b:~$ git clone https://github.com/orangepi-xunlong/wiringOP
正克隆到 'wiringOP'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 1099, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (721/721), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (114/114), done.
remote: Total 1099 (delta 666), reused 622 (delta 607), pack-reused 378 (from 1)
接收对象中: 100% (1099/1099), 459.35 KiB | 1007.00 KiB/s, 完成.
处理 delta 中: 100% (800/800), 完成.
orangepi@orangepi3b:~$ tree -L 1
.
├── bop_code
├── Desktop
├── Documents
├── Downloads
├── Music
├── opencvc
├── Pictures
├── Public
├── Templates
├── Videos
└── wiringOP

11 directories, 0 files

切换到仓库
查看目录
编译
- ./build clean
- /build

orangepi@orangepi3b:~$ cd wiringOP/
orangepi@orangepi3b:~/wiringOP$ tree -L 1
.
├── build
├── COPYING.LESSER
├── debian
├── debian-template
├── devLib
├── examples
├── gpio
├── INSTALL
├── newVersion
├── People
├── pins
├── README.md
├── sh.sh
├── update
├── VERSION
├── version.h
├── wiringPi
└── wiringPiD

8 directories, 10 files
orangepi@orangepi3b:~/wiringOP$ ./build clean
wiringPi:   [Clean]
DevLib:     [Clean]
gpio:       [Clean]
Examples:   [Clean]
Gertboard:  [Clean]
PiFace:     [Clean]
Quick2Wire: [Clean]
PiGlow:     [Clean]
scrollPhat: [Clean]
Deb: 
orangepi@orangepi3b:~/wiringOP$ ./build
wiringPi Build script
=====================


WiringPi Library
[sudo] orangepi 的密码： 
[UnInstall]
[Compile] wiringPi.c
[Compile] wiringSerial.c
[Compile] wiringShift.c
[Compile] piHiPri.c
[Compile] piThread.c
[Compile] wiringPiSPI.c
[Compile] wiringPiI2C.c
[Compile] softPwm.c
.....
[Link]
[Install]

All Done.

NOTE: To compile programs with wiringPi, you need to add:
    -lwiringPi
  to your compile line(s) To use the Gertboard, MaxDetect, etc.
  code (the devLib), you need to also add:
    -lwiringPiDev
  to your compile line(s).

结果解读

NOTE: To compile programs with wiringPi, you need to add:
    -lwiringPi
  to your compile line(s) To use the Gertboard, MaxDetect, etc.
  code (the devLib), you need to also add:
    -lwiringPiDev
  to your compile line(s).

翻译：

注意：使用wiringPi编译程序，你需要在编译命令中添加
-lwiringPi
若要使用 Gertboard, MaxDetect 这些库，还需要在代码的编译命令中添加
-lwiringPiDev

CPP 操作GPIO

#include <wiringPi.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define LED_PIN 0

int main(){
    if (wiringPiSetup()==-1)
    {
        printf("wiring setup error\n");
        return 1;

    }

    pinMode(LED_PIN ,OUTPUT);

    while(1)
    {
        digitalWrite(LED_PIN ,HIGH);
        delay(500);
        digitalWrite(LED_PIN ,LOW);
        delay(500);
        printf("循环一次\n");
    }


    return 0;
}

orangepi@orangepi3b:~/bop_code$ gcc test_gpio.c  -o test_gpio -lwiringPi
orangepi@orangepi3b:~/bop_code$ chmod +x test_gpio
orangepi@orangepi3b:~/bop_code$ sudo ./test_gpio 
[sudo] orangepi 的密码： 
循环一次
循环一次

如何链接线路？
使用 gpio readall就可以查看GPIO 的编码
表格的方向是USB 贴近身体观察GPIO的顺序，通过颜色也可以观察
红色是5V 黑色是地线橙色是3.3V 蓝色是可控的GPIO
我们这里 #define LED_PIN 0 实际上使用的是GPIO 140
也就是说 <wiringPi.h>使用的GPIO的编码是wPi编码，这样我们可以方便的把代码中的编号和物理世界中的连接对应

orangepi@orangepi3b:~$ gpio readall
 +------+-----+----------+--------+---+   PI3B   +---+--------+----------+-----+------+
 | GPIO | wPi |   Name   |  Mode  | V | Physical | V |  Mode  | Name     | wPi | GPIO |
 +------+-----+----------+--------+---+----++----+---+--------+----------+-----+------+
 |      |     |     3.3V |        |   |  1 || 2  |   |        | 5V       |     |      |
 |  140 |   0 |    SDA.2 |     IN | 1 |  3 || 4  |   |        | 5V       |     |      |
 |  141 |   1 |    SCL.2 |     IN | 1 |  5 || 6  |   |        | GND      |     |      |
 |  147 |   2 |    PWM15 |     IN | 0 |  7 || 8  | 1 | ALT1   | RXD.2    | 3   | 25   |
 |      |     |      GND |        |   |  9 || 10 | 1 | ALT1   | TXD.2    | 4   | 24   |
 |  118 |   5 | GPIO3_C6 |     IN | 0 | 11 || 12 | 0 | IN     | GPIO3_C7 | 6   | 119  |
 |  128 |   7 | GPIO4_A0 |     IN | 0 | 13 || 14 |   |        | GND      |     |      |
 |  130 |   8 |    TXD.7 |     IN | 0 | 15 || 16 | 0 | IN     | RXD.7    | 9   | 131  |
 |      |     |     3.3V |        |   | 17 || 18 | 0 | IN     | GPIO4_A1 | 10  | 129  |
 |  138 |  11 | SPI3_TXD |     IN | 0 | 19 || 20 |   |        | GND      |     |      |
 |  136 |  12 | SPI3_RXD |     IN | 0 | 21 || 22 | 0 | IN     | TXD.9    | 13  | 132  |
 |  139 |  14 | SPI3_CLK |     IN | 0 | 23 || 24 | 0 | IN     | SPI3_CS1 | 15  | 134  |
 |      |     |      GND |        |   | 25 || 26 | 0 | IN     | GPIO3_D6 | 16  | 126  |
 |   32 |  17 |    SDA.3 |     IN | 1 | 27 || 28 | 1 | IN     | SCL.3    | 18  | 33   |
 |  133 |  19 |    RXD.9 |     IN | 0 | 29 || 30 |   |        | GND      |     |      |
 |  124 |  20 | GPIO3_D4 |     IN | 0 | 31 || 32 | 0 | IN     | PWM11    | 21  | 144  |
 |  127 |  22 | GPIO3_D7 |     IN | 0 | 33 || 34 |   |        | GND      |     |      |
 |  120 |  23 | GPIO3_D0 |     IN | 0 | 35 || 36 | 0 | IN     | GPIO3_D5 | 24  | 125  |
 |  123 |  25 | GPIO3_D3 |     IN | 0 | 37 || 38 | 0 | IN     | GPIO3_D2 | 26  | 122  |
 |      |     |      GND |        |   | 39 || 40 | 0 | IN     | GPIO3_D1 | 27  | 121  |
 +------+-----+----------+--------+---+----++----+---+--------+----------+-----+------+
 | GPIO | wPi |   Name   |  Mode  | V | Physical | V |  Mode  | Name     | wPi | GPIO |
 +------+-----+----------+--------+---+   PI3B   +---+--------+----------+-----+------+