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在CentOS上使用Docker来运行Nginx是一个常见的做法，因为它提供了快速、一致的环境配置方式，并且可以很容易地扩展。下面是如何通过Docker来运行Nginx的步骤：

1. 安装Docker

首先，确保你的CentOS系统上已经安装了Docker。如果还没有安装，你可以通过以下命令来安装Docker：

sudo yum install -y yum-utils

sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

sudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

centos 8

注如果安装报如下错误：

Error:Problem 1: problem with installed package podman-1.0.5-1.gitf604175.module_el8.0.0+194+ac560166.x86_64- package podman-1.0.5-1.gitf604175.module_el8.0.0+194+ac560166.x86_64 requires runc, but none of the providers can be installed- package podman-2.2.1-7.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- cannot install the best candidate for the job- package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering- package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.3.0+479+69e2ae26.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filteringProblem 2: problem with installed package buildah-1.5-3.gite94b4f9.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package buildah-1.5-3.gite94b4f9.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed- package buildah-1.16.7-4.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed- package docker-ce-3:20.10.6-3.el8.x86_64 requires containerd.io >= 1.4.1, but none of the providers can be installed- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.3.0+699+d61d9c41.x86_64- cannot install the best candidate for the job- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-55.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.0.0+58+91b614e7.x86_64- package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering- package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.3.0+479+69e2ae26.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
(try to add '--allowerasing' to command line to replace conflicting packages or '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

需要执行如下命令， 再重新执行安装命令

sudo yum erase podman buildah

sudo systemctl start docker

sudo systemctl enable docker

2. 运行Nginx容器

安装完Docker后，你可以通过以下命令来运行一个Nginx容器：

docker pull nginx

如果报错

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF

{

  "registry-mirrors": [

    "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",

    "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",

    "https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com",

    "https://noohub.ru"

  ]

}

EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl restart docker

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

2.重启docker服务

重启进程

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

重启服务

sudo systemctl restart docker

然后再拉取，就成功了！

docker pull hub-mirror.c.163.com/library/nginx:latest

docker run -itd --name nginx -p 8088:80 nginx:latest

docker run --name my-nginx -p 8080:80 -d nginx

docker run --name my-nginx -p 8088:80 -d nginx

这个命令做了几件事：

• --name my-nginx：给容器命名为my-nginx。

• -p 8080:80：将容器的80端口映射到宿主机的8080端口。这样，你可以通过访问宿主机的8080端口来访问Nginx。

• -d：以后台模式运行容器。

• nginx：使用官方的Nginx镜像。

3. 验证Nginx是否运行

你可以通过访问宿主机的8080端口来验证Nginx是否正常运行：

curl http://localhost:8080

你应该会看到Nginx的默认欢迎页面。

4. 自定义Nginx配置

如果你需要自定义Nginx的配置，你可以创建一个自定义的nginx.conf文件，并将其挂载到容器中。例如：

mkdir /path/to/nginx-conf

echo 'server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm; } }' > /path/to/nginx-conf/nginx.conf

docker run --name my-nginx -p 8080:80 -v /path/to/nginx-conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d -d nginx

这里，-v /path/to/nginx-conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d将宿主机的/path/to/nginx-conf目录挂载到容器的/etc/nginx/conf.d目录，这样容器就会使用这个目录下的nginx.conf文件作为其配置文件。

5. 管理Nginx容器

一旦你的Nginx容器运行起来，你可以使用以下命令来管理它：

• 停止容器：docker stop my-nginx

• 启动容器：docker start my-nginx

• 重启容器：docker restart my-nginx

• 查看容器日志：docker logs my-nginx

通过这些步骤，你可以在CentOS上使用Docker轻松地运行和管理Nginx。