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pdf预览本来打算粗暴点，一次性查看全部，但是一个pdf四五百页导致手机端查看超出内存直接崩掉，崩掉会导致页面疯狂刷新，所以不得不进行优化
解决思路大致如下：

1. canvas转为blob格式以图片的形式加载在页面（Blob URL 是基于磁盘的临时文件，可以减少内存占用）
2. 分段按需加载，根据页面滑动位置决定加载哪页数据
3. 历史pdf加载数据缓存，避免一直调用获取pdf逻辑，但不可缓存全部历史数据，变量数据过多也会导致崩掉
4. 及时移除画布和图片，确保内存被释放

具体实现看代码吧！对了，我这里用的是vue3框架，方案大致都差不多，可供参考

1. 安装 pdfjs-dist包（版本为4.10.38）
   npm install pdfjs-dist
2. 使用

<template><div class="pdf-box"><van-loading v-if="pdfLoading && !isHasFirstPage" size="24px">内容正在玩命加载中，请稍后...</van-loading><div :style="(pdfLoading && !isHasFirstPage)?'position:fixed;transform: translateX(-200%);':''"><div v-for="page in pdfPages" :id="'__pdf_canvas_page_' + page" :key="page" /></div><van-loading v-if="pdfItemLoading && isHasFirstPage" size="24px" style="padding-top:0">滑慢点~，小的加载不过来啦...</van-loading></div>
</template><script setup>
import { ref, onMounted, nextTick, onUnmounted } from 'vue'
import * as pdfjsLib from 'pdfjs-dist'
import Worker from 'pdfjs-dist/build/pdf.worker.min.mjs?worker'const pdfjsWorker = new Worker()
let pdf = null
const pdfPages = ref(0) // pdf总页数
const pdfLoading = ref(true) // pdf 总页数获取loading
let cachedPages = new Map() // pdf历史 图片信息缓存
const pdfItemLoading = ref(false) // pdf 单独页面加载
const MAX_CACHED_PAGES = 6 // 最大缓存页面数
const lastScrollY = ref(0) // 最后一次滚动位置
const scrollDirection = ref('') // 页面滚动方向 up：上 down：下
const isHasFirstPage = ref(false) // 第一页是否已加载出来// 在组件挂载后加载 PDF
onMounted(() => {const pdfUrl = 'https://example.com/sample.pdf' // 替换为你的 PDF 文件 URLloadPdf(pdfUrl)window.addEventListener('scroll', handleScroll) // 滚动变化时更新条件
})
// 清理事件监听器
onUnmounted(() => {window.removeEventListener('scroll', handleScroll)if (pdf) {pdf.destroy()}
})
// 加载pdf
async function loadPdf(url) {pdfjsLib.GlobalWorkerOptions.workerPort = pdfjsWorkertry {const loadingTask = pdfjsLib.getDocument(url)pdf = await loadingTask.promisepdfPages.value = Number(pdf.numPages)pdfLoading.value = falseawait nextTick(() => {handleScroll()})} catch (err) {pdfLoading.value = falseconsole.error(err)}
}
// 渲染指定页面pdf
const renderPage = (pageNumber) => {return new Promise(() => {(async () => {const page = await pdf.getPage(pageNumber)const viewport = page.getViewport({ scale: 1.5 })const canvas = document.createElement('canvas')const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')canvas.height = viewport.heightcanvas.width = viewport.widthawait page.render({ canvasContext: ctx, viewport }).promise// 将画布内容缓存为图片const blobURL = await canvasToBlobURL(canvas)const image = new Image()image.src = blobURL// 将画布内容转换为 Blob URLimage.id = `page-image-${pageNumber}`image.style.width = '100%'// 将图片添加到容器中const container = document.getElementById(`__pdf_canvas_page_${pageNumber}`)container.innerHTML = ''container.appendChild(image)// 缓存 Blob URL 和 Image 标签cachePage(pageNumber, { blobURL, image: image.src })pdfItemLoading.value = false// resolve()})()})
}
// 缓存页面
const cachePage = (pageNumber, data) => {cachedPages.set(pageNumber, data)if (cachedPages.size > 0) { // 第一页是否已加载出来isHasFirstPage.value = true}if (cachedPages.size > MAX_CACHED_PAGES) {// 如果缓存数量超过限制cachedPages = new Map([...cachedPages.entries()].sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0])) // 排序let oldestPage = ''if (scrollDirection.value === 'up') { // 往上滑动 移除最后的页面const keysArray = [...cachedPages.entries()]oldestPage = keysArray[keysArray.length - 1][0]} else { // 往上滑动 移除最早的页面oldestPage = cachedPages.keys().next().value}if (oldestPage && pageNumber !== oldestPage) {unloadPage(oldestPage)}}
}
// 将画布内容转换为 Blob URL
const canvasToBlobURL = (canvas) => {return new Promise((resolve) => {canvas.toBlob((blob) => {const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob)resolve(url)})})
}
// 清除非可视pdf信息
const unloadPage = (pageNumber) => {const container = document.getElementById(`__pdf_canvas_page_${pageNumber}`)const canvas = document.getElementById(`page-${pageNumber}`)const image = document.getElementById(`page-image-${pageNumber}`)const cachedData = cachedPages.get(pageNumber)if (cachedData) {const rect = container.getBoundingClientRect()container.innerHTML = ''const div = document.createElement('div')div.style.height = rect.height + 'px'container.appendChild(div)if (cachedData.blobURL) {URL.revokeObjectURL(cachedData.blobURL)} // 释放 Blob URL}if (canvas) {canvas.remove()} // 移除画布if (image) {image.remove()} // 移除图片// 从缓存中移除页面cachedPages.delete(pageNumber)
}
// 处理滚动事件
function handleScroll() {// pdfconst windowHeight = window.innerHeightconst currentScrollY = window.scrollY// 判断往上滑动还是往下scrollDirection.value = currentScrollY > lastScrollY.value ? 'down' : 'up'lastScrollY.value = currentScrollYconst pdfPagesArr = Array.from({ length: pdfPages.value }, (_, i) => i + 1)pdfPagesArr.reduce((accumulatorPromise, next) => {return accumulatorPromise.then(() => {	// 上一个接口执行完毕再执行下一个const pageElement = document.getElementById('__pdf_canvas_page_' + next)if (pageElement) {const rect = pageElement.getBoundingClientRect()if (!pdfItemLoading.value) {if ((scrollDirection.value === 'up' ? rect.top < windowHeight + 200 : rect.top < windowHeight) && rect.bottom > 0) {if (cachedPages.has(next)) { // 已加载则跳过return}pdfItemLoading.value = truereturn renderPage(next) // 如果页面未加载，则加载该页}}}})}, Promise.resolve())
}
</script>