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前言

最近写小组官网涉及到了excel文件导入的功能 场景是导入小组成员年级 班级 邮箱 组别 姓名等基本信息的excel表格用于展示各组信息

使用

先下载js库

npm install xlsx

为了提高代码的复用性 我将它写成了一个通用的函数

import apiClient from "@/api/axios";
import * as XLSX from "xlsx";interface UserData {姓名: string;学号: string;邮箱: string;班级: string;年级: string;组别: string;电话: string;QQ: string;
}// 验证文件后缀
function validateFileExtension(fileName: string): boolean {return fileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".xlsx");
}// 验证Excel字段
async function validateExcelFields(file: File): Promise<string | boolean> {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {const reader = new FileReader();reader.onload = (e) => {try {const data = new Uint8Array(e.target?.result as ArrayBuffer);const workbook = XLSX.read(data, { type: "array" });const firstSheet = workbook.Sheets[workbook.SheetNames[0]];const jsonData = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json<UserData>(firstSheet);if (jsonData.length === 0) {reject("Excel文件内容为空");return;}const requiredFields = ["姓名","学号","班级","年级","组别","电话","QQ",];const missingFields = requiredFields.filter((field) => !(field in jsonData[0]),);if (missingFields.length > 0) {reject(`文件缺少必要字段`);return;}resolve(true);} catch (error) {reject("文件解析失败");}};reader.onerror = () => reject("文件读取失败");reader.readAsArrayBuffer(file);});
}//批量导入
export async function processFiles(file: File) {if (!validateFileExtension(file.name)) {throw "请上传.xlsx格式的文件";}try {const validationResult = await validateExcelFields(file);if (validationResult !== true) {throw validationResult as string;}const formData = new FormData();formData.append("file", file);return await apiClient.post("/userManager/teamInfo/addUsers", formData, {headers: {"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data",},});} catch (error) {// 修改此处：将返回改为抛出if (error instanceof Error) {throw error.message;}throw typeof error === "string" ? error : "未知错误";}
}// 模拟非.xlsx 文件
const nonXlsxFile = new File([], "example.txt", { type: "text/plain" });
processFiles(nonXlsxFile).then((result) => {console.log(result);
});

该文件可以在用户上传时检查上传的文件后缀是否为xlsx 以及如果上传的文件后缀是xlsx
那么检查表格中是否有该有的字段 如果没有则直接拦截不发送请求

在vue文件中的使用

const handleXlsx = (e: Event) => {const target = e.target as HTMLInputElement;if (target.files) {processFiles(target.files[0]).then((response) => {showAlert("上传成功", "pass");updateData(grade.value, group.value);target.value = "";}).catch((error) => {showAlert(error, "error");});}
};