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基础共享内存通信示例

以下示例展示生产者-消费者模型，使用共享内存传递数据：

生产者程序（producer.c）

#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>#define SHM_KEY 0x1234
#define SHM_SIZE 1024int main() {int shmid = shmget(SHM_KEY, SHM_SIZE, IPC_CREAT | 0666);if (shmid == -1) {perror("shmget");return 1;}char *shm_ptr = (char*)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);if (shm_ptr == (void*)-1) {perror("shmat");return 1;}strcpy(shm_ptr, "Hello from producer!");printf("Producer wrote: %s\n", shm_ptr);shmdt(shm_ptr);return 0;
}

消费者程序（consumer.c）

#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <stdio.h>#define SHM_KEY 0x1234
#define SHM_SIZE 1024int main() {int shmid = shmget(SHM_KEY, SHM_SIZE, 0666);if (shmid == -1) {perror("shmget");return 1;}char *shm_ptr = (char*)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);if (shm_ptr == (void*)-1) {perror("shmat");return 1;}printf("Consumer read: %s\n", shm_ptr);shmdt(shm_ptr);shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); // 删除共享内存return 0;
}

编译与运行

# 编译
gcc producer.c -o producer
gcc consumer.c -o consumer# 运行生产者
./producer
# 输出: Producer wrote: Hello from producer!# 运行消费者
./consumer
# 输出: Consumer read: Hello from producer!

（通过 ipcs -m 查看共享内存）