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本文使用vue3-sfc-loader在运行时从Node.js服务器动态加载Vue3和Vue2的单文件组件，无需依赖Node.js构建过程，同时展示了在Express应用中设置接口以及在Vue项目中使用loader的详细步骤。

vue3-sfc-loader （ https://github.com/FranckFreiburger/vue3-sfc-loader），它是Vue3/Vue2 单文件组件加载器。
在运行时从 html/js 动态加载 .vue 文件。无需 Node.js 环境，无需 (webpack) 构建步骤。

vue3-sfc-loader

*以下来源博主：https://blog.csdn.net/SongZhengxing_/article/details/137627777
本文添加补充：页面按需加载插件、图片等

主要特征：

• 支持 Vue 3 和 Vue 2（参见dist/）
• 仅需要 Vue 仅运行时构建
• 提供esm和umd捆绑包（示例）
• 嵌入式ES6模块支持（含import()）
• TypeScript 支持、JSX 支持
• 自定义 CSS、HTML 和脚本语言支持，请参阅pug和stylus示例
• SFC 自定义块支持
• 通过日志回调正确报告模板、样式或脚本错误
• 专注于组件编译。网络、样式注入和缓存由您决定（参见下面的示例）
• 轻松构建您自己的版本并自定义您需要支持的浏览器

编写Node接口：

编写Node接口提供服务，用于返回vue文件

项目初始化和安装

mkdir nodeServe
cd nodeServe
npm iniy -y
npm install express cors

项目完整结构

nodeServer
├── index.js
├── loaderVue2.vue
├── loaderVue3.vue
├── package-lock.json
└── package.json

添加 index.js

// express 基于Node.js平台，快速、开放、极简的 Web 开发框架 https://www.expressjs.com.cn/
const express = require("express")
const app = express()
const cors = require("cors")
const fs = require('fs');// 配置cors中间件，允许跨域
app.use(cors())app.get("/getVue2Str", (req, res) => {// 服务端读取文件，并变成字符串。传递给前端const data = fs.readFileSync('./loaderVue2.vue', 'utf8');res.send({code:200,fileStr:data,fileName:"loaderVue2.vue"});
})app.get("/getVue3Str", (req, res) => {// 服务端读取文件，并变成字符串。传递给前端const data = fs.readFileSync('./loaderVue3.vue', 'utf8');res.send({code:200,fileStr:data,fileName:"loaderVue2.vue"});
})app.listen(3000, () => {console.log("服务启动成功：http://localhost:3000")
})

这里用到的两个vue文件代码如下：
loaderVue2.vue

<template><div><h1>我是远程加载的组件</h1><input :value="value" @input="changeName" /><button @click="patchParentEvent">触发父组件方法</button></div>
</template>
<script>
export default {props: ["value"],methods: {changeName(e) {this.$emit("input", e.target.value);},patchParentEvent() {this.$emit("parentEvent");},},
};
</script><style scoped>
h1 {color: red;
}
</style>

loaderVue3.vue

<template><div><h1>测试远程页</h1><div>引入图片：<img :src="resourceVersion" alt="" /></div><input v-model="input" placeholder="placeholder" @input="changeValue" /><button @click="emitParentFun">点击emit</button></div>
</template><script setup>
import { defineProps, defineEmits, ref, onMounted } from "vue";
import resourceVersion from "@/assets/images/resource_version.png";
import { ElMessage } from "element-plus";const props = defineProps(["modelValue"]);
// 更新model绑定的值固定写法: update:modelValue
const emit = defineEmits(["update:modelValue", "childClick"]);let input = ref("");onMounted(() => {input.value = props.modelValue;// window环境指向的是接收方的window环境// console.log(window.testName);
});const changeValue = (e) => {// 修改父组件的值emit("update:modelValue", e.target.value);
};const emitParentFun = () => {ElMessage({message: "引入组件测试",type: "success",});// console.log("调用父组件的方法3", input.value);emit("childClick", input.value);
};
</script><style scope>
.text-red {color: red;
}
</style>

运行:

node index.js

接口返回的格式如下:
http://localhost:3000/getVue2Str

{"code": 200,"fileStr": "<template>\r\n  <div>\r\n    <h1>我是远程加载的组件</h1>\r\n    <input :value=\"value\" @input=\"changeName\" />\r\n    <button @click=\"patchParentEvent\">触发父组件方法</button>\r\n  </div>\r\n</template>\r\n<script>\r\nexport default {\r\n  props: [\"value\"],\r\n  methods: {\r\n    changeName(e) {\r\n      this.$emit(\"input\", e.target.value);\r\n    },\r\n    patchParentEvent() {\r\n      this.$emit(\"parentEvent\");\r\n    },\r\n  },\r\n};\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style scoped>\r\nh1 {\r\n  color: red;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n","fileName": "loaderVue2.vue"
}

Vue2项目使用：

安装 vue3-sfc-loader

npm install vue3-sfc-loader

使用

注意：
vue2要从dist/vue2-sfc-loader这个目录下引入loadModule使用
vue2要从dist/vue3-sfc-loader这个目录下引入loadModule使用

<template><div><component :is="remote" v-bind="$attrs" v-if="remote" v-model="name" @parentEvent="parentEvent"></component></div>
</template><script>
import * as Vue from "vue"
import {loadModule} from "vue3-sfc-loader/dist/vue2-sfc-loader"export default {name: 'App',data() {return {name: "李四",remote: null,url: "http://localhost:3000/getVue2Str",}},mounted() {this.load(this.url)},watch: {name(newName) {console.log(newName, "监听到变化")}},methods: {// 加载async load(url) {let res = await fetch(url).then(res => res.json());const options = {moduleCache: {vue: Vue},async getFile() {return res.fileStr},addStyle(textContent) {const style = Object.assign(document.createElement('style'), {textContent})const ref = document.head.getElementsByTagName('style')[0] || nulldocument.head.insertBefore(style, ref)},};// 加载远程组件this.remote = await loadModule(res.fileName || "loader.vue", options)},// 子组件调用parentEvent() {console.log("父组件事件触发")}}
}
</script>

效果显示:

Vue3项目使用：（页面按需加载插件、图片等）

安装：

npm install vue3-sfc-loader

主要使用：页面按需加载插件、图片。

1. 返回的展示页面，正常使用插件及引入图片
2. 父组件中，需要将（接口返回的) 子组件中引入的插件等同等import

<template><div><componentv-if="componentName":is="componentName"ref="stepComponent":listData="testList":handleNodeClick="handleNodeClick"@childClick="childClick"/></div>
</template><script setup>
import { ref, onMounted, computed, defineAsyncComponent, defineComponent, h, shallowRef } from "vue";
import { loadModule } from "vue3-sfc-loader/dist/vue3-sfc-loader";
import * as Vue from "vue";
import * as ElementPlus from "element-plus";
import testPic from "@/assets/images/resource_version.png";//加载页面组件
const resResult = ref();
const componentName = computed(() => {const options = {// 模块缓存moduleCache: {vue: Vue,"element-plus": ElementPlus, // 组件按需引入"@/assets/images/resource_version.png": testPic, // 图片引入},async getFile() {return resResult.value.fileStr;},addStyle(textContent) {const style = Object.assign(document.createElement("style"), {textContent,});const ref = document.head.getElementsByTagName("style")[0] || null;document.head.insertBefore(style, ref);},};return defineAsyncComponent(() =>loadModule(resResult.value?.fileName || "loader.vue", options));
})// 接口请求————获取的后端页面数据
onMounted(async () => {let url = "http://localhost:3000/getVue3Str";resResult.value = await fetch(url ).then((res) => res.json());console.log("resResult------", resResult.value); 
});
</script><style scoped>
</style>

扩展——页面下一步异步加载动态组件：详细代码及组件引用扩展

<template><div class="step-content" style="height: 100%; min-height: 380px"><div class="step-left"><el-steps direction="vertical" :active="active"><el-step title="创建工程" /><el-step title="基础配置" /><el-step title="模型选取" /><el-step title="模型配置" /><el-step title="生成" /><el-step title="下载" /></el-steps></div><div class="step-right"><div class="step-bd"><componentv-if="componentName":is="componentName"ref="stepComponent":listData="true":handleNodeClick="false"@childClick="childClick"/><el-empty v-else description="空" /></div><div class="next-btn-bd"><el-button style="margin-top: 12px" @click="cancelClick">取消</el-button><el-button style="margin-top: 12px" @click="previousClick">上一步</el-button><el-button style="margin-top: 12px" @click="nextClick">下一步</el-button></div></div></div>
</template><script setup>
import {ref,onMounted,computed,defineAsyncComponent,defineComponent,h,shallowRef,
} from "vue";
import { resetRelation, resetMeta, backendUpdate } from "@/api/system";
import { ElMessage } from "element-plus";
import step1Component from "./basicComponent.vue";
import { useAuthStore } from "@/store/authStore";
import { compileScript, parse } from "@vue/compiler-sfc";
import { loadModule } from "vue3-sfc-loader/dist/vue3-sfc-loader";
import * as Vue from "vue";
import * as ElementPlus from "element-plus";
import testPic from "@/assets/images/resource_version.png";
const authStore = useAuthStore();
const token = authStore.getToken();const stepComponent = ref(null);
// 下一步
const active = ref(0);
// const asyncComponent = ref(null);
const AsyncComponent = shallowRef(null);const previousClick = () => {if (active.value-- < 1) active.value = 0;
};
const nextClick = async () => {// import("./basicComponent2.vue")//   .then((module) => {//     asyncComponent.value = defineAsyncComponent(() =>//       Promise.resolve(module.default)//     );//     // 或者更简单地，直接使用加载的模块（如果不需要额外的异步处理逻辑）//     // asyncComponent.value = module.default;//   })//   .catch((err) => {//     console.error("Failed to load component:", err);//   });// return;// if (stepComponent.value) {//   if (active.value === 1) {//     // await stepComponent.value?.childNextMethod();//   } else if (active.value === 2) {//     // await stepComponent.value?.childNextMethod();//   } else if (active.value === 3) {//     // await stepComponent.value?.childNextMethod();//   } else if (active.value === 4) {//     // await stepComponent.value?.childNextMethod();//   } else if (active.value === 5) {//     // await stepComponent.value?.childNextMethod();//   } else if (active.value === 6) {//     // await stepComponent.value?.childNextMethod();//   }// }if (active.value++ > 5) active.value = 0;
};
const cancelClick = () => {active.value = 0;
};const resResult = ref();
const componentName = computed(() => {if (active.value === 1) {const options = {moduleCache: {vue: Vue,"element-plus": ElementPlus,"@/assets/images/resource_version.png": testPic,},async getFile() {return resResult.value.fileStr;},addStyle(textContent) {const style = Object.assign(document.createElement("style"), {textContent,});const ref = document.head.getElementsByTagName("style")[0] || null;document.head.insertBefore(style, ref);},};// defineAsyncComponent(() =>//   loadModule(res.fileName || "loader.vue", options)// );// const loadDynamicComponent = () =>//   loadModule(resResult.value..fileName || "loader.vue", options);// 加载远程组件return defineAsyncComponent(() =>loadModule(resResult.value?.fileName || "loader.vue", options));} else if (active.value === 4) {// return defineAsyncComponent(() => import("./basicComponent2.vue"));return defineAsyncComponent({loader: () => import("./basicComponent2.vue"),loadingComponent: {template: "<div>Loading...</div>",},errorComponent: {template: "<div>Error loading component</div>",},delay: 200, // 显示加载组件的延迟时间（毫秒）timeout: 3000, // 超时时间（毫秒）});} else if (active.value === 3) {// 模拟异步加载组件const loadDynamicComponent = () => {return new Promise((resolve) => {setTimeout(() => {// 动态创建组件const AsyncDynamicComponent = defineComponent({name: "AsyncDynamicComponent",setup() {// 使用 ref 定义响应式数据const title = ref("Dynamic Title");const description = ref("This is a dynamically loaded component.");// 返回渲染函数return () =>h("div", // 根元素{}, // 属性[h("h1", {}, title.value), // 动态标题h("p", {}, description.value), // 动态描述]);},});// 解析 Promise，返回动态组件resolve(AsyncDynamicComponent);}, 0);});};// 使用 defineAsyncComponent 加载这个动态组件const AsyncLoadedComponent = defineAsyncComponent(loadDynamicComponent);return defineAsyncComponent(loadDynamicComponent);} else if (active.value === 2) {const loadDynamicComponent4 = () => {return new Promise((resolve) => {setTimeout(() => {// 动态模板字符串const templateString = `<div><h1>{{ title }}</h1><p>{{ description }}</p></div>`;// 动态创建组件const AsyncDynamicComponent4 = defineComponent({name: "AsyncDynamicComponent4",setup() {const count = ref(0);const increment = () => {count.value++;};// 返回渲染函数return () =>h("div", // 根元素{}, // 属性[h("p", {}, `Count: ${count.value}`),h("button", { onClick: increment }, "Increment"),]);},});// 解析 Promise，返回动态组件resolve(AsyncDynamicComponent4);}, 0);});};// 使用 defineAsyncComponent 加载这个动态组件const AsyncLoadedComponent = defineAsyncComponent(loadDynamicComponent4);return defineAsyncComponent(loadDynamicComponent4);} else if (active.value === 5) {// -------------const dynamicLoader = {loadedComponents: new Map(),async loadComponent({ name, js, css }) {if (this.loadedComponents.has(name)) {return this.loadedComponents.get(name);}// 加载CSSif (css) {const link = document.createElement("link");link.rel = "stylesheet";link.href = css; //css的URL路径document.head.appendChild(link);}// 加载JS// const script = await fetch(js).then((r) => r.text());const script = `import { openBlock as r, createElementBlock as s } from "vue";
const _ = (c, t) => {const e = c.__vccOpts || c;for (const [o, n] of t)e[o] = n;return e;
}, a = {}, f = { class: "cs1" };
function l(c, t) {return r(), s("div", f, "测试");
}
const i = /* @__PURE__ */ _(a, [["render", l]]);
export {i as default
};
`;// 创建沙盒环境// 如果JS模块依赖外部库或Vue本身，可能会因为沙盒环境无法访问外部变量而报错。// 例如，如果JS代码里有import Vue from 'vue'，在沙盒中执行时会找不到Vue，导致错误。// 用户可能需要确保JS代码是自包含的，或者正确传递依赖。const component = new Function(`"use strict";const exports = {};const module = { exports };${script}return module.exports.__esModule ? module.exports.default : module.exports;`)();// 缓存组件this.loadedComponents.set(name, component);return component;},};const jsUrl = `const _sfc_main = {__name: 'MyComponent',setup(__props) {const count = ref(0);return (_ctx, _cache) => {return _createVNode("button", {onClick: () => count.value++}, "Clicked: " + count.value)}}
};
export default _sfc_main;`;const cssUrl = ``;// Vue 3 示例====const AsyncComponent = defineAsyncComponent({loader: () =>dynamicLoader.loadComponent({name: `componentName`,js: "", // jsUrlcss: "", // cssUrl}),loadingComponent: {template: "<div>Loading...</div>",},errorComponent: {template: "<div>Error loading component</div>",},timeout: 3000,});return AsyncComponent;// -------------} else if (active.value === 6) {async function loadVueComponent(url = "") {// 1. 请求获取 .vue 文件内容//     fetch('/api/get-vue-file-content')// .then(response => response.text())// .then(vueFileContent => {//   console.log(vueFileContent);//   // 在这里你可以将 vueFileContent 显示在页面上// })// .catch(error => console.error('Error fetching Vue file content:', error));// const response = await fetch(url);// const vueContent = await response.text();const vueContent = ``;const vueFileContent = `<template>  <div>    <h1>{{ title }}</h1>  </div></template>
<script1>
export default {data() {return {title: 'Hello Vue!'};}
};
</script1>
<style scoped>
h1 {color: blue;
}
</style>
`;// 2. 使用 compiler-sfc 解析内容const { descriptor } = parse(vueContent);// 3. 提取各部分内容const template = descriptor.template?.content;const scriptContent = descriptor.script?.content || "export default {}";const styles = descriptor.styles.map((style) => style.content).join("\n");// 4. 动态编译 script 部分const { content: scriptCode } = compileScript(descriptor, {id: `dynamic-component-${Date.now()}`,});// 5. 将 script 转换为组件选项const scriptModule = { exports: {} };const script = new Function("exports", "module", scriptCode);script(scriptModule.exports, scriptModule);const componentOptions = scriptModule.exports.default || {};// 6. 处理模板if (template) {componentOptions.template = template;}// 7. 处理样式（可选：动态添加样式到页面）if (styles) {const styleEl = document.createElement("style");styleEl.textContent = styles;document.head.appendChild(styleEl);}// 8. 返回 Vue 组件return defineComponent(componentOptions);}loadVueComponent();}
});// ============
// const AsyncComponent = shallowRef(null);
// const props = ref({});// // 动态加载组件
// async function loadComponent() {
//   try {
//     const config = await fetchComponentConfig();
//     AsyncComponent.value = await dynamicLoader.loadComponent(config);
//   } catch (err) {
//     handleError(err);
//   }
// }
// ==============================// uid
// const generateUID = () => {
//   const time = Date.now().toString(36);
//   const random = Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 5);
//   return `${time}_${random}`;
// };const childClick = (newVal) => {console.log("获取子组事件和值", newVal);
};onMounted(async () => {resResult.value = await fetch("http://localhost:3000/getVue3Str").then((res) => res.json());console.log("resResult------", resResult.value);
});
</script><style scoped>
.step-content {display: flex;.step-left {min-width: 200px;}.step-right {flex: 1;display: flex;flex-direction: column;.step-bd {border: 3px solid var(--resource-relation-border);padding: 10px;flex: 1;}.next-btn-bd {text-align: right;/* height: 30px; */}}
}
</style>

完整源码：

https://gitee.com/szxio/load-remote-vue-components