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本系统没有集成MQ，但是又要实现削峰，刚好redis有队列的结构，可以实现简易的MQ

一、核心实现思路

1. 生产者：使用Redis的LPUSH命令将消息插入队列头部
2. 消费者：
   • 采用RPOP命令配合超时机制实现阻塞读取
   • 无消息时休眠指定时间并累加休眠时长
   • 当累计休眠时间达到max值时强制退出

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二、关键代码实现

1. 添加依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

2. 生产者实现

@Service
public class RedisProducer {@Autowiredprivate RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;public void sendMessage(String queueName, String message) {redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(queueName, message);}
}

3. 消费者实现

@Component
public class RedisConsumer implements Runnable {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisConsumer.class);private final String queueName;private final int maxSleepTime; // 最大累计休眠时间（毫秒）private long accumulatedSleepTime = 0;public RedisConsumer(String queueName, int maxSleepTime) {this.queueName = queueName;this.maxSleepTime = maxSleepTime;}@Overridepublic void run() {while (true) {String message = redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPop(queueName, 1000); // 1秒超时if (message != null) {try {processMessage(message);accumulatedSleepTime = 0; // 成功消费重置计时} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("消息处理失败: {}", e.getMessage());}} else {long sleepDuration = Math.min(1000, maxSleepTime - accumulatedSleepTime);logger.info("队列为空，休眠{}ms", sleepDuration);try {Thread.sleep(sleepDuration);} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();break;}accumulatedSleepTime += sleepDuration;if (accumulatedSleepTime >= maxSleepTime) {logger.warn("累计休眠时间已达上限，强制退出");break;}}}}private void processMessage(String message) {// 模拟消息处理逻辑logger.info("处理消息: {}", message);}
}

4. 配置类

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {RedisTemplate<String, String> template = new RedisTemplate<>();template.setConnectionFactory(factory);template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());template.setValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());return template;}
}

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三、运行与测试

1. 启动消费者：

@SpringBootApplication
public class RedisQueueDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(RedisQueueDemo.class, args);RedisConsumer consumer = context.getBean(RedisConsumer.class);new Thread(consumer).start();}
}

2. 发送测试消息：

@RestController
public class TestController {@Autowiredprivate RedisProducer producer;@GetMapping("/send")public String sendMessage() {producer.sendMessage("testQueue", "Hello Redis!");return "消息已发送";}
}

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四、关键特性说明

1. 阻塞读取：通过rightPop(1000)实现非阻塞等待，避免忙等待
2. 休眠累加：每次无消息时休眠1秒，累计时间超过max值时退出，避免cpu时间片一直被占用
3. 异常处理：消费失败时记录日志，避免中断循环
4. 序列化支持：可扩展为支持复杂对象的消息序列化

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五、扩展建议

1. 分布式锁：多实例部署时需添加分布式锁保证消费唯一性
2. 消息确认：可结合Redis的WATCH命令实现消息确认机制
3. 监控指标：添加消费速率、队列长度等监控指标

该方案综合了Redis的高性能和Spring Boot的便捷性，适用于低延迟、高可靠性的消息处理场景。实际生产环境中建议结合具体业务需求调整超时时间和休眠策略。