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创建型

与对象的创建有关

抽象工厂模式

提供一个创建一系列相关或相互依赖的对象的接口

//来1张1费卡  1张2费卡 一系列相关
class Card {
public:virtual void out() = 0;
};
//还可以定义更多的卡牌
class CardCost1:public Card {
public:virtual void out() {cout << "我是1费卡" << endl;}
};class CardCost2 :public Card {
public:virtual void out() {cout << "我是2费卡" << endl;}
};class Factory {
public:virtual Card* CreateCost1() = 0;virtual Card* CreateCost2() = 0;
};
//还可以定义更多的工厂来组合
class CardFactory:public Factory {
public:Card* CreateCost1() {//来一张1费卡return new CardCost1();}Card* CreateCost2() {//来一张2费卡return new CardCost2();}
};
class CardFamaly
int main() {CardFactory *fac = new CardFactory();Card* cost1 = fac->CreateCost1();Card* cost2 = fac->CreateCost2();cost1->out();cost2->out();delete cost1;delete cost2;delete fac;return 0;
}

工厂模式

定义一个用于创建对象的接口,让子类决定实例化哪个类
//和抽象工厂区别是 1个和多个？

class Card {
public:virtual void out() = 0;
};class CardCost1:public Card {
public:virtual void out() {cout << "我是1费卡" << endl;}
};class CardCost2 :public Card {
public:virtual void out() {cout << "我是2费卡" << endl;}
};
class Factory {
public:virtual Card* Create() = 0;
};class CardCost1Factory:public Factory {
public:Card* Create() {return new CardCost1();}
};class CardCost2Factory :public Factory {
public:Card* Create() {return new CardCost2();}
};
int main() {CardCost1Factory* fac1 = new CardCost1Factory();CardCost2Factory* fac2 = new CardCost2Factory();Card* cost1 = fac1->Create();Card* cost2 = fac2->Create();cost1->out();cost2->out();delete cost1;delete cost2;delete fac1;delete fac2;return 0;
}

生成器模式

在某些情况下，一个对象的创建过程非常复杂，涉及多个步骤，每个步骤都可能有不同的实现方式。如果将所有创建逻辑放在一个类中，会导致该类变得庞大且难以维护。此外，如果需要创建不同的变体对象，就需要在该类中添加更多的逻辑，使得代码变得混乱。

原型模式

克隆

单例模式

就是单例

结构型

适配器模式

将一个类的接口转变为另外一个希望的接口

template<typename Type>
void permutation(Type first, int len) {int val = 1;for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {*first = val;val++;first++;}
}int main() {vector<int> a;//本来vector 不能用 = int 赋值 ++//把vector =>back_insert_iterator(重载++ = ) 调用vector push_backpermutation(back_inserter(a), 10);int b[20];permutation(b, 10);return 0;
}

桥接模式

将抽象部分和其实现部分分离,使它们都可以独立的变化

//羁绊
class Jiban {
public:virtual void out() = 0;
};class Family :public Jiban {
public:virtual void out() {cout << " 家人 " << endl;}
};class ZhenMan :public Jiban {
public:virtual void out() {cout << " 铁血屈服者 " << endl;}
};
//英雄
class Hero {
public:virtual void out() = 0;virtual void SetJiban(Jiban* jb) = 0;Jiban* m_jb = nullptr;
};class BaoBao:public Hero {
public:virtual void out() {cout << " 爆爆 ";m_jb->out();}virtual void SetJiban(Jiban* jb) {m_jb = jb;}};class JieSi :public Hero {
public:virtual void out() {cout << " 杰斯 ";m_jb->out();}virtual void SetJiban(Jiban* jb) {m_jb = jb;}
};int main() {Family* family = new Family;ZhenMan* zm = new ZhenMan;JieSi* js = new JieSi();BaoBao* bb = new BaoBao();js->SetJiban(zm);bb->SetJiban(family);js->out();bb->out();return 0;}

组合模式

将对象组合成树型结构以表示整体与部分的层次结构
文件系统

装饰模式

动态的给一个对象添加一些额外的职责

class Water {
public:virtual int cost() = 0;virtual void out() = 0;
};class Wahaha :public Water {
public:virtual int cost() {return 2;}virtual void out() {cout << "娃哈哈";}
};class WaterDecorator :public Water {
public:WaterDecorator(Water* self) {m_self = self;}virtual int cost() {return m_self->cost();}virtual void out() {m_self->out();}Water* m_self;
};
//加冰
class IceDecorator :public WaterDecorator {
public:IceDecorator(Water* self) :WaterDecorator(self) {}virtual int cost() {return 1 + m_self->cost();}virtual void out() {m_self->out();cout << " 加冰 ";}
};
//加糖
class SugarDecorator :public WaterDecorator {
public:SugarDecorator(Water* self) :WaterDecorator(self) {}virtual int cost() {return 1 + m_self->cost();}virtual void out() {m_self->out();cout << " 加糖 ";}
};int main() {Wahaha* whh = new Wahaha();{IceDecorator* d = new IceDecorator(whh);SugarDecorator* d2 = new SugarDecorator(d);d2->out();cout << d2->cost() << endl;}return 0;
}

外观模式

为子系统中一组接口提供一个一致的界面

class Computer {
public:void turnOn() {cout << " 开电脑 ";}void turnOff() {cout << " 关电脑 ";}
};
class Light {
public:void turnOn() {cout << " 开灯 ";}void turnOff() {cout << " 关灯 ";}
};class MyLife {Computer computer;Light light;
public:void play() {computer.turnOn();light.turnOn();cout << endl;}void sleep() {computer.turnOff();light.turnOff();cout << endl;}
};int main() {MyLife* mf = new MyLife;mf->play();mf->sleep();return 0;
}

享元模式

运用共享技术有效的支持大量细粒度的对象

struct Base {
public:string name;int gongji;//攻击int fangyu;//防御
};class BaoBao{
public:BaoBao(Base *base) {m_base = base;x = y = 0;}Base* m_base;int x, y;//坐标
};class BaoBaoFactory {public:BaoBao* GetHero() {Base* base = nullptr;if (mmp.count("爆爆"))base = mmp["爆爆"];else {base = new Base;base->name = "爆爆";base->gongji = 999;base->fangyu = 999;mmp[base->name] = base;}return new BaoBao(base);}unordered_map<string, Base *> mmp;
};int main() {BaoBaoFactory* fac = new BaoBaoFactory();vector<BaoBao* > all;for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {all.push_back(fac->GetHero());}return 0;
}

代理模式

行为型

责任链模式

命令模式

解释器模式

迭代器模式

中介者模式

备忘录模式

观察者模式

状态模式

策略模式

模版方法模式

访问者模式