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1.更新系统软件包

#确保您的系统软件包是最新的。这有助于避免安装过程中可能遇到的问题
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y

2.安装必要的依赖

sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common -y

3.替换软件源

原来/etc/apt/sources.list中的软件源

更换/etc/apt/sources.list中的软件源

echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -s -c) main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -s -c) main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -s -c) main restricted universe multiverse
" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list

替换后

#更新软件包列表
sudo apt-get update

4.确保Docker依赖包安装成功

sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

5.添加Docker的官方GPG密钥

#为了确保下载的软件包的安全性
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

6.添加Docker的APT源

echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

7.更新APT包索引

sudo apt-get update

8.安装Docker引擎

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

9.启动Docker并设置开机自启

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

10.修改镜像地址

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{

"registry-mirrors" : ["https://docker.registry.cyou",

"https://docker-cf.registry.cyou",

"https://dockercf.jsdelivr.fyi",

"https://docker.jsdelivr.fyi",

"https://dockertest.jsdelivr.fyi",

"https://mirror.aliyuncs.com",

"https://dockerproxy.com",

"https://mirror.baidubce.com",

"https://docker.m.daocloud.io",

"https://docker.nju.edu.cn",

"https://docker.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn",

"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",

"https://mirror.iscas.ac.cn",

"https://docker.rainbond.cc",

"https://do.nark.eu.org",

"https://dc.j8.work",

"https://dockerproxy.com",

"https://gst6rzl9.mirror.aliyuncs.com",

"https://registry.docker-cn.com",

"http://hub-mirror.c.163.com",

"http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/",

"https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/",

"http://mirrors.sohu.com/"

],

"insecure-registries" : [

"registry.docker-cn.com",

"docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"

],

"debug": true,

"experimental": false

}

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

 11.验证Docker安装

sudo docker run hello-world

回显如下，则表示Docker安装成功：

Hello from Docker!

This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

12.（可选）非root用户运行Docker

默认情况下，Docker命令需要以root用户或sudo权限运行。为了允许非root用户运行Docker命令，可以将用户添加到 docker组

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

然后注销并重新登录，或者运行以下命令使组更改立即生效

newgrp docker

13.Docker Compose的安装

#Docker Compose是一个用于定义和运行多容器Docker应用程序的工具
sudo apt update
# 安装docker-compose
sudo apt install docker-compose
# 验证是否安装成功
sudo docker-compose --version