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本篇文章主要讲使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript实现一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏，包含基本的游戏逻辑、行消除功能以及暂停和继续游戏的控制。
使用工具
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HTML部分
<div id="game"></div>
<div id="message"></div>
<div id="controls"><button onclick="startGame()">继续游戏</button><button onclick="pauseGame()">暂停游戏</button>
</div>
解释：
- <div id="game">：游戏界面，使用CSS Grid布局。
- <div id="message">：显示游戏失败信息。
- 按钮：用于控制游戏的继续和暂停。
CSS部分
body {display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;align-items: center;height: 100vh;background-color: #f0f0f0;
}
#game {display: grid;grid-template-columns: repeat(10, 30px);grid-template-rows: repeat(20, 30px);gap: 1px;background-color: #333;
}
.cell {width: 30px;height: 30px;background-color: #fff;
}解释：
- 布局：使用Flexbox和Grid布局设计游戏界面。
- 方块样式：不同形状的方块用不同的颜色表示。
JavaScript部分
游戏逻辑主要使用JavaScript实现。
初始化
const rows = 20;
const cols = 10;
let board = Array.from({ length: rows }, () => Array(cols).fill(''));
let gameInterval;
let isPaused = false;
let dropInterval = 1000;解释：
- 游戏板：一个二维数组表示20行和10列的游戏区域。
- 游戏状态：gameInterval用于控制方块下落的定时器，isPaused表示游戏是否暂停。
方块定义
const tetrominoes = {I: [[1, 1, 1, 1]],J: [[1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1]],// 其他形状...
};解释：
- 定义了所有俄罗斯方块的形状。
绘制函数
function drawBoard() {game.innerHTML = '';board.forEach(row => {row.forEach(cell => {const div = document.createElement('div');div.className = `cell ${cell}`;game.appendChild(div);});});
}解释：
- drawBoard()：根据board数组更新游戏界面。
方块移动与旋转
function canMove(position, shape) {return shape.every((row, i) =>row.every((cell, j) =>!cell || (board[position.y + i] && board[position.y + i][position.x + j] === '')));
}function rotate(shape) {return shape[0].map((_, index) => shape.map(row => row[index]).reverse());
}解释：
- canMove()：检查方块是否可以移动到指定位置。
- rotate()：旋转方块的矩阵。
行消除功能
function clearFullRows() {board = board.reduce((acc, row) => {if (row.every(cell => cell !== '')) {acc.unshift(Array(cols).fill(''));} else {acc.push(row);}return acc;}, []);
}解释：
- clearFullRows()函数：遍历游戏板，检查是否有行被填满。
- 若有，则移除该行，并在顶部添加一行空行。
游戏循环
function drop() {if (isPaused) return;clearTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);currentTetromino.position.y++;if (!canMove(currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape)) {currentTetromino.position.y--;drawTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);if (currentTetromino.position.y === 0) {message.textContent = '你失败啦';clearInterval(gameInterval);} else {clearFullRows();currentTetromino = {type: Object.keys(tetrominoes)[Math.floor(Math.random() * 7)],position: { x: 3, y: 0 },shape: tetrominoes[Object.keys(tetrominoes)[Math.floor(Math.random() * 7)]]};}}drawTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);drawBoard();
}
加速下降功能
- 按键事件：在keydown事件中，添加对ArrowDown的监听。
- 加速下降实现：当按下下箭头键时，调用drop()函数，使方块立即下降一格。
用户交互
document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') {rotateTetromino();} else if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') {moveLeft();} else if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') {moveRight();} else if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') {drop();}
});- 使用键盘箭头键控制方块的移动、旋转和加速下落。
运行界面：
以下是完整代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>俄罗斯方块</title><style>body {display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;align-items: center;height: 100vh;background-color: #f0f0f0;}#game {display: grid;grid-template-columns: repeat(10, 30px);grid-template-rows: repeat(20, 30px);gap: 1px;background-color: #333;}.cell {width: 30px;height: 30px;background-color: #fff;}.I { background-color: #00f0f0; }.J { background-color: #0000f0; }.L { background-color: #f0a000; }.O { background-color: #f0f000; }.S { background-color: #00f000; }.T { background-color: #a000f0; }.Z { background-color: #f00000; }#message, #score {margin-top: 20px;font-size: 24px;}#message {color: red;}#controls {margin-top: 10px;}button {padding: 10px;font-size: 16px;margin: 5px;}</style>
</head>
<body><div id="game"></div><div id="message"></div><div id="score"></div><div id="controls"><button onclick="startGame()">开始游戏</button><button onclick="pauseGame()">暂停游戏</button><button onclick="restartGame()">重新开始</button></div><script>const game = document.getElementById('game');const message = document.getElementById('message');const scoreDisplay = document.getElementById('score');const rows = 20;const cols = 10;let board, gameInterval, isPaused, dropInterval, score, level, currentTetromino;const tetrominoes = {I: [[1, 1, 1, 1]],J: [[1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1]],L: [[0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1]],O: [[1, 1], [1, 1]],S: [[0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0]],T: [[0, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1]],Z: [[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]]};function initGame() {board = Array.from({ length: rows }, () => Array(cols).fill(''));currentTetromino = {type: Object.keys(tetrominoes)[Math.floor(Math.random() * 7)],position: { x: 3, y: 0 },shape: tetrominoes[Object.keys(tetrominoes)[Math.floor(Math.random() * 7)]]};message.textContent = '';score = 0;level = 1;dropInterval = 1000;updateScore();drawBoard();}function drawBoard() {game.innerHTML = '';board.forEach(row => {row.forEach(cell => {const div = document.createElement('div');div.className = `cell ${cell}`;game.appendChild(div);});});}function drawTetromino(type, position, shape) {shape.forEach((row, i) => {row.forEach((cell, j) => {if (cell) {board[position.y + i][position.x + j] = type;}});});}function clearTetromino(type, position, shape) {shape.forEach((row, i) => {row.forEach((cell, j) => {if (cell) {board[position.y + i][position.x + j] = '';}});});}function canMove(position, shape) {return shape.every((row, i) =>row.every((cell, j) =>!cell || (board[position.y + i] && board[position.y + i][position.x + j] === '')));}function rotate(shape) {return shape[0].map((_, index) => shape.map(row => row[index]).reverse());}function clearFullRows() {let linesCleared = 0;board = board.reduce((acc, row) => {if (row.every(cell => cell !== '')) {acc.unshift(Array(cols).fill(''));linesCleared++;} else {acc.push(row);}return acc;}, []);if (linesCleared > 0) {score += linesCleared * 100;if (score >= level * 1000) {level++;dropInterval = Math.max(100, dropInterval - 100);clearInterval(gameInterval);startGame();}updateScore();}}function updateScore() {scoreDisplay.textContent = `得分: ${score} 级别: ${level}`;}function drop() {if (isPaused) return;clearTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);currentTetromino.position.y++;if (!canMove(currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape)) {currentTetromino.position.y--;drawTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);if (currentTetromino.position.y === 0) {message.textContent = '你失败啦';setTimeout(restartGame, 2000);clearInterval(gameInterval);} else {clearFullRows();currentTetromino = {type: Object.keys(tetrominoes)[Math.floor(Math.random() * 7)],position: { x: 3, y: 0 },shape: tetrominoes[Object.keys(tetrominoes)[Math.floor(Math.random() * 7)]]};}}drawTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);drawBoard();}function rotateTetromino() {if (isPaused) return;clearTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);const rotatedShape = rotate(currentTetromino.shape);if (canMove(currentTetromino.position, rotatedShape)) {currentTetromino.shape = rotatedShape;}drawTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);drawBoard();}function moveLeft() {if (isPaused) return;clearTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);currentTetromino.position.x--;if (!canMove(currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape)) {currentTetromino.position.x++;}drawTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);drawBoard();}function moveRight() {if (isPaused) return;clearTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);currentTetromino.position.x++;if (!canMove(currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape)) {currentTetromino.position.x--;}drawTetromino(currentTetromino.type, currentTetromino.position, currentTetromino.shape);drawBoard();}function startGame() {isPaused = false;clearInterval(gameInterval);gameInterval = setInterval(drop, dropInterval);}function pauseGame() {isPaused = true;clearInterval(gameInterval);}function restartGame() {initGame();clearInterval(gameInterval);}document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') {rotateTetromino();} else if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') {moveLeft();} else if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') {moveRight();} else if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') {drop();}});initGame();</script>
</body>
</html>这段代码展示了如何用JavaScript实现一个基础的俄罗斯方块游戏，支持基本的方块操作、行消除和游戏状态控制。可以在此基础上添加更多功能，比如计分系统、关卡设计等。
对于编程新手或正在学习新知识的程序员，可以使用ChatGPT来做助手，减少出错性和重复性代码的时间。
感谢阅读！！！