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一·HttpsUtil工具类

package com.example.util;import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;/*** https请求工具类*/
public class HttpsUtil {private static int timeOut = 60000; // https超时时间public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {//测试默认的受信任根证书，https请求
//        String s = doGet("https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48033662?spm=1010.2135.3001.5343");
//        System.out.println(s);//测试自定义受信任证书的https请求String s2 = doGet("https://localhost:8443/hello","/Users/ideal/私人文件夹/JavaProjects/springboot3-multi-module-demo/SpringBoot-https-demo/src/main/resources/public_cert.pem");System.out.println(s2);}/*** get请求，不能访问加密URL* 使用自定义受信任的根证书** @param urlAddress https地址* @param certPath   本地证书路径* @return* @author LiuMingFu* @date 2025/2/14*/public static String doGet(String urlAddress, String certPath) {try {/*** 1. 封装自定义的受信任CA证书** 作用：创建一个CertificateFactory对象，用于处理X.509格式的证书(自签证书模式)。* 说明：X.509是一种标准的证书格式，常用于SSL/TLS通信。*/CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");//从指定路径加载PEM格式的证书文件，并将其转换为X509Certificate对象X509Certificate caCert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(//读取自签证书文件new FileInputStream(certPath));/*** 2. 创建KeyStore并加载CA证书** 作用：创建一个KeyStore对象，用于存储证书和密钥。* 说明：KeyStore.getDefaultType()返回默认的密钥库类型（通常是JKS或PKCS12）。*/KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());/*** 作用：初始化KeyStore对象。** 第一个参数为null，表示不加载现有的密钥库文件。* 第二个参数为null，表示使用默认密码。*/keyStore.load(null, null);//将证书添加到KeyStore中。"caCert"：证书的别名，用于标识证书keyStore.setCertificateEntry("caCert", caCert);/*** 3. 创建一个TrustManagerFactory对象，用于管理信任的证书* TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()返回默认的算法（通常是PKIX）*/TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());/*** 作用：使用KeyStore初始化TrustManagerFactory。* 说明：keyStore中存储的证书将被用于验证服务器的证书。*/tmf.init(keyStore);//4.创建一个SSLContext对象，用于管理SSL/TLS协议的配置。TLS是SSL的升级版，目前广泛使用SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");/*** 初始化SSLContext* 第一个参数为null，表示不使用客户端证书。* 第二个参数为tmf.getTrustManagers()，表示使用TrustManagerFactory生成的信任管理器。* 第三个参数为null，表示使用默认的随机数生成器。*/sc.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);//5. 设置默认的SSLSocketFactory,所有后续的HttpsURLConnection请求都会使用这个SSLSocketFactory来建立SSL/TLS连接。HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());// 6. 发起HTTPS请求URL url = new URL(urlAddress);HttpsURLConnection connection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();connection.setRequestMethod("GET");int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();System.out.println("Response Code: " + responseCode);/*** 创建一个BufferedReader对象，用于读取服务器的响应内容。* connection.getInputStream()：获取服务器的输入流。* InputStreamReader：将字节流转换为字符流。* BufferedReader：提供缓冲功能，提高读取效率*/BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));String inputLine;StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();//逐行读取响应内容并拼接到response中，in.readLine()读取一行内容，直到返回null（表示读取完毕）while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {response.append(inputLine);}//关闭流in.close();System.out.println("Response Content: " + response.toString());return response.toString();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}/*** get请求，不能访问加密URL* 使用默认的受信任根证书** @param requestURL 请求地址* @return 响应结果* @throws IOException*/public static String doGet(String requestURL) throws IOException {BufferedReader inReader = null;InputStream in = null;String responseBody = "";try {//创建url地址URL url = new URL(requestURL);//使用https类型的url连接对象HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();//设置连接超时conn.setConnectTimeout(timeOut);//设置读取超时conn.setReadTimeout(timeOut);//设置请求方法，必须大写conn.setRequestMethod("GET");//设置请求头信息conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");/** connect()会根据HttpURLConnection对象的配置值生成HTTP头部信息，且建立tcp连接，但是没有发送http请求* 所有的配置信息，都必须在connect()方法之前添加，后面的添加不进去。*/conn.connect();/** 开始发起get类型http请求，获取响应数据*///实际发送url的http请求if (HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK == conn.getResponseCode()) {//获取正常响应流in = conn.getInputStream();} else {//获取异常响应流in = conn.getErrorStream();}//读取响应内容inReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();int len;char[] tmp = new char[256];while ((len = inReader.read(tmp)) > 0) {sb.append(tmp, 0, len);}responseBody = sb.toString();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {if (inReader != null) {inReader.close();}if (in != null) {in.close();}}return responseBody;}/*** post请求，不能访问加密URL* 使用默认的受信任根证书** @param requestURL 请求地址* @param body       请求体* @return 响应结果* @throws IOException*/public static String doPost(String requestURL, String body) throws IOException {BufferedReader inReader = null;InputStream in = null;String responseBody = "";OutputStream outputStream = null;BufferedWriter writer = null;try {//创建链接地址URL url = new URL(requestURL);HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();//设置是否允许从httpUrlConnection读取数据，默认是trueconn.setDoInput(true);//设置是否向httpUrlConnection输出参数，因为这个是post请求，所以必须开启conn.setDoOutput(true);//设置连接超时conn.setConnectTimeout(timeOut);//设置读取超时conn.setReadTimeout(timeOut);//设置请求方法，必须大写conn.setRequestMethod("POST");//设置请求头信息conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");/** connect()会根据HttpURLConnection对象的配置值生成HTTP头部信息，且建立tcp连接，但是没有发送http请求* 所有的请求头配置信息，都必须在connect()方法之前添加，后面的添加不进去。*/conn.connect();/**  往post连接里面写入必要的请求体-参数*///获取conn的输出流outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();//将字节流转换为字符流writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));//往连接中写入参数，body可以是name=lmf&age=23键值对拼接形式，也可以是json字符串形式writer.write(body);//必须刷新流空间的数据writer.flush();/** 开始发起post类型http请求，获取响应数据*///实际发送url的http请求if (HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK == conn.getResponseCode()) {//获取正常响应流in = conn.getInputStream();} else {//获取异常响应流in = conn.getErrorStream();}//读取响应内容inReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();int len;char[] tmp = new char[256];while ((len = inReader.read(tmp)) > 0) {sb.append(tmp, 0, len);}//最终响应内容字符串responseBody = sb.toString();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {if (writer != null) {writer.close();}if (outputStream != null) {outputStream.close();}if (inReader != null) {inReader.close();}if (in != null) {in.close();}}return responseBody;}}

二·SSLUtil工具类

package com.example.util;import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;/*** @Description TODO* <p>* @Author LiuMingFu* @Date 2024/1/8 13:59*/
public class SSLUtil {public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, IOException {//忽略单个https连接的证书校验URL url = new URL("https://localhost:8443/hello");HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();conn.setRequestMethod("GET");// 仅忽略当前连接的SSL验证SSLUtil.trustSSLCertificatesByOneConnect(conn);// 读取响应码int code = conn.getResponseCode();System.out.println("Response Code: " + code);// 读取响应内容BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();String inputLine;while ((inputLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {response.append(inputLine);}reader.close();System.out.println("Response Content: " + response.toString());System.out.println("========================================================================================");// 全局忽略HTTPS证书校验，下面所有的https请求都会忽略证书校验SSLUtil.trustAllSSLCertificates();String s = HttpsUtil.doGet("https://localhost:8443/hello");System.out.println(s);}/*** 演示：忽略HTTPS证书校验流程** @param args*/public static void main2(String[] args) {try {// 1. 创建 TrustAllManagerTrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{new TrustAllManager()};// 2. 初始化 SSLContextSSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());// 3. 设置默认的 SSLSocketFactoryHttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());// 4. 设置默认的 HostnameVerifier，接受所有主机名HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier((hostname, session) -> true);// 5. 发起 HTTPS 请求URL url = new URL("https://localhost:8443/hello");HttpsURLConnection connection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();connection.setRequestMethod("GET");int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();System.out.println("Response Code: " + responseCode);BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));String inputLine;StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {response.append(inputLine);}in.close();System.out.println("Response Content: " + response.toString());} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 针对全局所有https连接，忽略ssl校验** @return* @author LiuMingFu* @date 2024/1/8*/public static void trustAllSSLCertificates() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {//创建证书数组TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[1];//设置一个忽略ssl校验的证书管理器trustAllCerts[0] = new TrustAllManager();//获取一个ssl实例，并初始化设置证书数组等等SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);//设置ssl连接socket流处理工厂类HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());//ssl协议域名校验，默认直接true，相当于忽略ssl校验HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {@Overridepublic boolean verify(String urlHostName, SSLSession session) {return true;}});}/*** 针对单个连接，忽略https的ssl校验** @param connection https连接对象* @return* @author LiuMingFu* @date 2024/1/8*/public static void trustSSLCertificatesByOneConnect(URLConnection connection) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {HttpsURLConnection httpsURLConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) connection;//创建证书数组TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[1];//设置一个忽略ssl校验的证书管理器trustAllCerts[0] = new TrustAllManager();//获取一个ssl实例，并初始化设置证书数组等等SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);//设置ssl连接socket流处理工厂类httpsURLConnection.setSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());//ssl协议域名校验，默认直接true，相当于忽略ssl校验httpsURLConnection.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {@Overridepublic boolean verify(String urlHostName, SSLSession session) {return true;}});}/*** 证书管理实现类，该类会对客户端、服务端进行各种校验，这里直接默认全部通过** @author LiuMngFu* @return a* @date 2024/1/8*/private static class TrustAllManager implements X509TrustManager {/*** 返回受信任的CA证书数组* 这里返回 null，表示不限制任何CA证书（即接受所有证书）** @return* @author LiuMingFu* @date 2025/2/14*/@Overridepublic X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {return null;}/*** 验证服务器证书是否受信任* 这里方法体为空，表示不进行任何验证（即信任所有服务器证书），这种做法会绕过服务器的证书验证，通常用于测试环境或信任特定服务器时。** @param certs：服务器提供的证书链。* @param authType：认证类型（如  RSA、DSA 等）* @return* @author LiuMingFu* @date 2025/2/14*/@Overridepublic void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) throws CertificateException {}/*** 验证客户端证书是否受信任* 这里方法体为空，表示不进行任何验证（即信任所有客户端证书），这种方法通常用于双向认证（mTLS）场景，但在这里没有实际验证逻辑** @param certs：客户端提供的证书链。* @param authType：认证类型（如  RSA、DSA 等）* @return* @author LiuMingFu* @date 2025/2/14*/@Overridepublic void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) throws CertificateException {}}
}