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要在.NET Framework 4.8中使用C#实现离线实时语音识别，可以使用开源库Vosk（支持离线ASR）配合音频处理库NAudio。

步骤 1：安装依赖库
1.1.
安装NuGet包：
- Install-Package NAudio（处理音频输入）
- Install-Package Vosk（离线语音识别引擎）
2.2.
下载语音模型：
- 前往 Vosk Models 下载适合的模型（如小型英文模型 vosk-model-small-en-us-0.15）。
- 解压模型到项目目录（如 Models/vosk-model-small-en-us-0.15）。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using NAudio.Wave;
using Vosk;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace 语音识别
{
public class RealTimeSpeechRecognizer
{private readonly VoskRecognizer _recognizer;private readonly WaveInEvent _waveIn;private readonly RichTextBox _rtb;public RealTimeSpeechRecognizer(string modelPath, RichTextBox rtb){_rtb = rtb;// 初始化VoskModel model = new Model(modelPath);_recognizer = new VoskRecognizer(model, 16000.0f);_recognizer.SetWords(true);// 初始化音频输入_waveIn = new WaveInEvent{WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(16000, 16, 1),DeviceNumber = 0};_waveIn.DataAvailable += OnAudioDataAvailable;}public void StartListening() => _waveIn.StartRecording();public void StopListening() => _waveIn.StopRecording();// 解析JSON结果（兼容部分结果）private string ParseJsonResult(string json, bool isPartial = false){dynamic obj = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(json);return isPartial ? obj.partial : obj.text;}// 线程安全更新RichTextBoxprivate void ShowText(string text){if (_rtb.InvokeRequired){_rtb.BeginInvoke(new Action<string>(ShowText), text);}else{_rtb.AppendText(text);_rtb.ScrollToCaret();}}// 其他字段和构造函数保持不变...private string _lastPartialText = string.Empty;private void OnAudioDataAvailable(object sender, WaveInEventArgs e){if (_recognizer.AcceptWaveform(e.Buffer, e.BytesRecorded)){string result = ParseJsonResult(_recognizer.Result());ClearLastPartial(); // 清理临时部分AppendFinalText(result);}else{string partial = ParseJsonResult(_recognizer.PartialResult(), isPartial: true);UpdatePartialText(partial);}}private void UpdatePartialText(string newPartial){if (newPartial == _lastPartialText) return;// 在主线程更新UI_rtb.BeginInvoke(new Action(() =>{int selectionStart = _rtb.TextLength - _lastPartialText.Length;// 删除旧临时内容if (selectionStart >= 0 && _lastPartialText.Length > 0){_rtb.Select(selectionStart, _lastPartialText.Length);_rtb.SelectedText = "";}// 追加新内容_rtb.AppendText(newPartial);_rtb.ScrollToCaret();// 更新临时记录_lastPartialText = newPartial;}));}private void AppendFinalText(string text){_rtb.BeginInvoke(new Action(() =>{_rtb.AppendText(text + "\n");_lastPartialText = string.Empty; // 重置临时部分}));}private void ClearLastPartial(){if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(_lastPartialText)) return;_rtb.BeginInvoke(new Action(() =>{int start = _rtb.TextLength - _lastPartialText.Length;if (start >= 0){_rtb.Select(start, _lastPartialText.Length);_rtb.SelectedText = "";}}));}
}}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace 语音识别
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private RealTimeSpeechRecognizer _recognizer;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
btnStop.Enabled = false;
}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){_recognizer.StopListening();btnStart.Enabled = true;btnStop.Enabled = false;}private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){string modelPath = @"E:\Models\vosk-model-small-cn-0.22"; // 中文模型路径_recognizer = new RealTimeSpeechRecognizer(modelPath, richTextBox1);btnStart.Enabled = false;btnStop.Enabled = true;_recognizer.StartListening();}
}}