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使用VSCode在Windows 11上编译运行项目

VSCode是一个功能强大的跨平台代码编辑器，可以很好地支持C/C++项目开发。以下是使用VSCode在Windows 11上编译运行此项目的详细步骤。

1. 安装VSCode

1. 访问VSCode官网下载并安装VSCode
2. 安装完成后，启动VSCode

2. 安装必要的VSCode扩展

在VSCode中安装以下扩展：

1. C/C++ (由Microsoft提供)
2. C/C++ Extension Pack (包含调试工具等)
3. Makefile Tools (用于支持Makefile项目)

安装方法：点击左侧扩展图标，搜索扩展名称并安装。

3. 配置MSYS2/MinGW环境

按照前面的说明安装MSYS2和必要的依赖项。确保以下组件已安装：

pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc mingw-w64-x86_64-make mingw-w64-x86_64-gdb mingw-w64-x86_64-openssl

4. 将MSYS2/MinGW添加到系统PATH

1. 打开Windows设置 > 系统 > 关于 > 高级系统设置 > 环境变量
2. 在"系统变量"部分找到并编辑"Path"变量
3. 添加以下路径：

   C:\msys64\mingw64\bin
   C:\msys64\usr\bin
   

4. 点击"确定"保存更改

5. 在VSCode中打开项目

1. 启动VSCode
2. 选择"文件" > “打开文件夹”
3. 导航到项目根目录并打开

6. 创建VSCode配置文件

在项目根目录创建.vscode文件夹，并在其中创建以下配置文件：

c_cpp_properties.json

{"configurations": [{"name": "Win32","includePath": ["${workspaceFolder}/**","${workspaceFolder}/1/**","${workspaceFolder}/NIST-PQ-Submission-Kyber-20201001/Optimized_Implementation/crypto_kem/kyber768/**"],"defines": ["_DEBUG","UNICODE","_UNICODE"],"compilerPath": "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe","cStandard": "c99","cppStandard": "c++14","intelliSenseMode": "windows-gcc-x64"}],"version": 4
}

tasks.json

{"version": "2.0.0","tasks": [{"label": "build server","type": "shell","command": "cd ${workspaceFolder}/1 && mingw32-make -f Makefile.win coap_server.exe","group": {"kind": "build","isDefault": true},"problemMatcher": ["$gcc"]},{"label": "build client","type": "shell","command": "cd ${workspaceFolder}/1 && mingw32-make -f Makefile.win coap_client.exe","group": "build","problemMatcher": ["$gcc"]},{"label": "build protocol test","type": "shell","command": "cd ${workspaceFolder}/1 && mingw32-make -f Makefile.win protocol_test.exe","group": "build","problemMatcher": ["$gcc"]},{"label": "build all","type": "shell","command": "cd ${workspaceFolder}/1 && mingw32-make -f Makefile.win","group": "build","problemMatcher": ["$gcc"]},{"label": "clean","type": "shell","command": "cd ${workspaceFolder}/1 && mingw32-make -f Makefile.win clean","group": "build","problemMatcher": []}]
}

launch.json

{"version": "0.2.0","configurations": [{"name": "Debug Server","type": "cppdbg","request": "launch","program": "${workspaceFolder}/1/coap_server.exe","args": [],"stopAtEntry": false,"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/1","environment": [],"externalConsole": true,"MIMode": "gdb","miDebuggerPath": "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe","setupCommands": [{"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb","text": "-enable-pretty-printing","ignoreFailures": true}],"preLaunchTask": "build server"},{"name": "Debug Client","type": "cppdbg","request": "launch","program": "${workspaceFolder}/1/coap_client.exe","args": [],"stopAtEntry": false,"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/1","environment": [],"externalConsole": true,"MIMode": "gdb","miDebuggerPath": "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe","setupCommands": [{"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb","text": "-enable-pretty-printing","ignoreFailures": true}],"preLaunchTask": "build client"},{"name": "Debug Protocol Test","type": "cppdbg","request": "launch","program": "${workspaceFolder}/1/protocol_test.exe","args": [],"stopAtEntry": false,"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/1","environment": [],"externalConsole": true,"MIMode": "gdb","miDebuggerPath": "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe","setupCommands": [{"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb","text": "-enable-pretty-printing","ignoreFailures": true}],"preLaunchTask": "build protocol test"}]
}

7. 编译项目

在VSCode中，可以通过以下方式编译项目：

1. 使用任务：

   • 按下Ctrl+Shift+B调出构建任务菜单
   • 选择"build all"任务编译所有组件
   • 或选择特定任务编译单个组件（如"build server"）

2. 使用终端：

   • 按下Ctrl+`打开集成终端
   • 导航到项目目录：cd 1
   • 执行编译命令：mingw32-make -f Makefile.win

8. 调试项目

1. 打开需要调试的源代码文件
2. 在代码中设置断点（点击行号左侧）
3. 按下F5或点击"运行和调试"按钮
4. 从下拉菜单中选择相应的调试配置：
   • “Debug Server”：调试服务端
   • “Debug Client”：调试客户端
   • “Debug Protocol Test”：调试协议测试程序

9. 运行程序

除了使用调试模式，也可以直接在终端中运行编译好的程序：

1. 打开VSCode集成终端
2. 导航到编译目录：cd 1
3. 运行服务端：./coap_server.exe
4. 在新终端中运行客户端：./coap_client.exe

10. 可能遇到的VSCode相关问题

1. 找不到头文件：

   • 问题：IntelliSense无法找到头文件
   • 解决方案：检查c_cpp_properties.json中的includePath配置，确保包含了所有必要的目录

2. GDB调试器找不到：

   • 问题：启动调试时提示找不到GDB
   • 解决方案：检查launch.json中的miDebuggerPath路径，确保GDB已安装并且路径正确

3. 编译命令失败：

   • 问题：构建任务失败
   • 解决方案：检查MSYS2/MinGW是否正确安装，PATH环境变量是否正确设置

4. 外部控制台不显示：

   • 问题：调试时外部控制台未启动
   • 解决方案：确保launch.json中的externalConsole设置为true

5. VSCode无法找到编译器：

   • 问题：编译时报错找不到编译器
   • 解决方案：确认GCC已安装，并在c_cpp_properties.json中正确设置了compilerPath