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SpringBoot 2.6.13整合Elasticsearch详细教程

目录

1. ​ 项目结构
2. 添加Elasticsearch依赖
3. 配置Elasticsearch连接
4. 创建配置类
5. 创建实体类
6. 创建Repository接口
7. 创建Service层
8. 创建Controller层
9. 完整示例：商品搜索系统
10. 测试步骤
11. 常见问题与解决方案 

项目结构

src
├── main
│   ├── java
│   │   └── com
│   │       └── example
│   │           └── esapp
│   │               ├── EsApplication.java                # 启动类
│   │               ├── config
│   │               │   └── ElasticsearchConfig.java      # ES配置类
│   │               ├── controller
│   │               │   └── BookController.java           # 图书控制器
│   │               ├── model
│   │               │   └── Book.java                     # 图书实体类
│   │               ├── repository
│   │               │   └── BookRepository.java           # 图书数据访问接口
│   │               └── service
│   │                   ├── BookService.java              # 图书服务接口
│   │                   └── impl
│   │                       └── BookServiceImpl.java      # 图书服务实现类
│   └── resources
│       ├── application.yml                              # 配置文件
│       ├── static
│       └── templates
└── test└── java└── com└── example└── esapp└── BookRepositoryTests.java         # 测试类

添加Elasticsearch依赖

在项目的pom.xml文件中添加相关依赖：

<parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.6.13</version><relativePath/>
</parent><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><!-- 指定Elasticsearch版本，与Spring Boot 2.6.13兼容 --><elasticsearch.version>7.15.2</elasticsearch.version>
</properties><dependencies><!-- Spring Boot Web --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- Spring Data Elasticsearch --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId></dependency><!-- Lombok --><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><!-- 测试 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency>
</dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins>
</build>

注意：这里使用了elasticsearch.version属性指定Elasticsearch的版本为7.15.2，与Spring Boot 2.6.13版本兼容。

配置Elasticsearch连接

在src/main/resources目录下创建application.yml文件，使用最新的配置属性：

spring:application:name: es-appelasticsearch:uris: http://localhost:9200connection-timeout: 1ssocket-timeout: 30susername: # 如有用户名，在此添加password: # 如有密码，在此添加data:elasticsearch:repositories:enabled: trueserver:port: 8080logging:level:org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.WIRE: DEBUGorg.springframework.data.elasticsearch: DEBUG

注意：这里使用了最新的配置格式，使用spring.elasticsearch.uris替代已废弃的属性，并分别配置了连接超时和套接字超时时间。

创建Elasticsearch配置类

在src/main/java/com/example/esapp/config目录下创建ElasticsearchConfig.java：

package com.example.testlogin.config;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.ClientConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.RestClients;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.config.AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.config.EnableElasticsearchRepositories;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchOperations;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;import java.time.Duration;@Configuration
@EnableElasticsearchRepositories(basePackages = "com.example.testlogin.repository")
public class ElasticsearchConfig extends AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration {@Value("${spring.elasticsearch.uris}")private String uris;@Value("${spring.elasticsearch.connection-timeout}")private String connectionTimeoutStr;@Value("${spring.elasticsearch.socket-timeout}")private String socketTimeoutStr;@Value("${spring.elasticsearch.username:}")private String username;@Value("${spring.elasticsearch.password:}")private String password;@Override@Beanpublic RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient() {// 去除http://前缀并处理多个主机情况String[] hosts = uris.replace("http://", "").split(",");// 使用直接的方式创建ClientConfigurationClientConfiguration clientConfiguration;// 解析超时时间Duration connectTimeout = parseTimeout(connectionTimeoutStr);Duration socketTimeout = parseTimeout(socketTimeoutStr);// 使用有条件的方式构建，避免类型问题if (StringUtils.hasText(username) && StringUtils.hasText(password)) {clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder().connectedTo(hosts).withConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).withSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).withBasicAuth(username, password).build();} else {clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder().connectedTo(hosts).withConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).withSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).build();}return RestClients.create(clientConfiguration).rest();}/*** 创建ElasticsearchRestTemplate Bean* 使用@Primary注解确保这个Bean被优先注入*/@Bean@Primarypublic ElasticsearchOperations elasticsearchOperations() {return new ElasticsearchRestTemplate(elasticsearchClient());}/*** 解析超时配置字符串为Duration对象* @param timeout 格式如"1s", "30ms"等* @return Duration对象*/private Duration parseTimeout(String timeout) {if (timeout.endsWith("ms")) {return Duration.ofMillis(Long.parseLong(timeout.substring(0, timeout.length() - 2)));} else if (timeout.endsWith("s")) {return Duration.ofSeconds(Long.parseLong(timeout.subst