第二章 EXI协议原理与实现--9 设计完整的EXI编解码库
9 设计完整的EXI编解码库
在第8节我们已经验证cbExiGen编解码库是完全可以信赖的,但是缺少输入输出层代码,无法对json格式的命令进行解析填充成结构体,解码后的数据结构也无法输出成json格式字符串。本节作者开始搭建一个完整的EXI编解码库框架,目的是完美替换EXICodec.jar。 新的的编解码库使用C语言编码,具备相同的encode、decode函数接口。
9.1 编解码库设计框架
作者对框架进行了深入思考,决定采用cjson+cbExiGen+转换层的结构,按照分层设计思想设计的框架如下图所示。
- 接口层:提供3个接口函数,version、encode、decode,函数原型与EXICodec.jar的调用接口一致。
- 分配层:编码时,根据域名参数区分-2/-20命令,根据命令参数区分片段编码、签名编码、命令编码。
- 表示层:编码时把命令cstring转换成cjson对象。解码时把cjson对象转换成cstring。
- 转换层:编码是根据cjson对象解析填充数据结构。解码时把数据结构填充到cjson对象。
- 编解码层:根据数据结构进行编码, 根据exi数据进行解码。
接口定义:
extern EncodeResult encode(char * message, char * namespace);
extern char * decode(uint8_t * exidata, int len, char * namespace);
extern const char * getVersion();
9.2 编码流程
调用encode()接口,编码步骤如下:
1 检查namespace,确定是哪种协议或签名编码。 这些命名空间定义如下:
char * AppProtocolNS = "urn:iso:15118:2:2010:AppProtocol";
char * MsgDefNS = "urn:iso:15118:2:2013:MsgDef";
char * CommonMessagesNS = "urn:iso:std:iso:15118:-20:CommonMessages";
char * ACNS = "urn:iso:std:iso:15118:-20:AC";
char * DCNS = "urn:iso:std:iso:15118:-20:DC";
char * WPTNS = "urn:iso:std:iso:15118:-20:WPT";
char * ACDPNS = "urn:iso:std:iso:15118:-20:ACDP";
char * XMLSIG = "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#";
2 对于-2/-20命令,检查是完整的V2G命令还是片段编码。
命令中包含“V2G_Message”一般是完整的V2G命令,否则就是片段编码。
识别片段编码的方法是查询预定义的命令表,-2命令中支持的片段编码命令全部罗列如下:
//解码函数映射
ISO2_MsgDefNS_FragmentFunction frag_MsgDefNS[] = {
{"AuthorizationReq", ISO2_Frag_AuthorizationReq_J2S, ISO2_Frag_AuthorizationReq_S2J},
{"CertificateInstallationReq", ISO2_Frag_CertificateInstallationReq_J2S, ISO2_Frag_CertificateInstallationReq_S2J},
{"CertificateInstallationRes", ISO2_Frag_CertificateInstallationRes_J2S, ISO2_Frag_CertificateInstallationRes_S2J},
{"CertificateUpdateReq", ISO2_Frag_CertificateUpdateReq_J2S, ISO2_Frag_CertificateUpdateReq_S2J},
{"CertificateUpdateRes", ISO2_Frag_CertificateUpdateRes_J2S, ISO2_Frag_CertificateUpdateRes_S2J},
{"ChargeParameterDiscoveryRes", ISO2_Frag_ChargeParameterDiscoveryRes_J2S, ISO2_Frag_ChargeParameterDiscoveryRes_S2J},
{"ContractSignatureCertChain", ISO2_Frag_ContractSignatureCertChain_J2S, ISO2_Frag_ContractSignatureCertChain_S2J},
{"ContractSignatureEncryptedPrivateKey", ISO2_Frag_ContractSignatureEncryptedPrivateKey_J2S,ISO2_Frag_ContractSignatureEncryptedPrivateKey_S2J},
{"DHpublickey", ISO2_Frag_DHpublickey_J2S, ISO2_Frag_DHpublickey_S2J},
{"MeteringReceiptReq", ISO2_Frag_MeteringReceiptReq_J2S, ISO2_Frag_MeteringReceiptReq_S2J},
{"SalesTariff", ISO2_Frag_SalesTariff_J2S, ISO2_Frag_SalesTariff_S2J},
{"eMAID", ISO2_Frag_eMAID_J2S, ISO2_Frag_eMAID_S2J},
};
3 调用具体命令的转换函数
这一步设计成函数指针,调用函数指针dispatchMessage派发到对应的处理函数进行处理。
4 字符串转成cjson对象
在处理函数内首先把命令字符串转换成cjson对象。 如果出错,表示字符串格式非法。
5 根据该命令的数据结构,解析cjson对象正确填充数据结构
读取cjson每一个字段,填充到对应的数据结构体中。尤其要注意可选项,如果存在就必须正确填充。
6 对数据结构编码,返回exi数据
调用cbExigen编码函数,完成编码。
9.3 解码流程
调用decode()接口,解码步骤如下:
1 检查namespace,确定是哪种协议。实际上,在解码过程中只有三种namaspace:
char * AppProtocolNS = "urn:iso:15118:2:2010:AppProtocol";
char * MsgDefNS = "urn:iso:15118:2:2013:MsgDef";
char * CommonMessagesNS = "urn:iso:std:iso:15118:-20:CommonMessages";
2 调用cbExigen解码函数
3 根据解码后的数据结构,识别出是哪一个命令。
4 调用对应命令的转换函数,把数据结构转成cjson
5 把cjson转成字符串,返回。
9.4 转换层设计
转换层函数需要实现数据结构和cjson之间的双向转换,针对每一个命令都需要实现一步步一层层解析到底。 这些转换层代码行数总共5W+,作者付出最多精力的也正是这一层代码。因为V2G命令定义特别复杂,最多时候结构嵌套13层以上,写程序时直接让人坠入十八层地狱,烧的脑子都冒烟了。
针对-2协议编写的转换文件如下:
\src\Json2Schema\iso15118-2 的目录
2024/03/14 11:09 7,249 J2S_AuthorisationReq.c
2023/11/14 13:47 6,635 J2S_CableCheckReq.c
2025/01/16 17:56 21,999 J2S_CertificateInstallationReq.c
2025/01/17 11:08 49,141 J2S_ChargeParameterDiscoveryReq.c
2023/11/08 17:16 8,130 J2S_ChargingStatusReq.c
2023/11/14 09:50 12,546 J2S_common.c
2025/02/07 14:42 40,545 J2S_createHeaderWithSignedInfo.c
2023/11/14 14:56 16,961 J2S_CurrentDemandReq.c
2024/03/14 11:10 2,859 J2S_Frag_AuthorizationReq.c
2024/03/13 15:38 3,799 J2S_Frag_CertificateInstallationReq.c
2024/03/13 18:22 8,988 J2S_Frag_CertificateUpdateReq.c
2024/03/13 13:27 1,671 J2S_Frag_ChargeParameterDiscoveryRes.c
2024/03/13 11:22 1,542 J2S_Frag_ContractSignatureCertChain.c
2024/03/13 11:22 1,762 J2S_Frag_ContractSignatureEncryptedPrivateKey.c
2024/03/13 11:20 1,471 J2S_Frag_DHpublickey.c
2024/03/13 11:20 1,301 J2S_Frag_eMAID.c
2024/03/13 16:46 1,507 J2S_Frag_MeteringReceiptReq.c
2024/03/14 09:47 1,434 J2S_Frag_SalesTariff.c
2025/01/15 16:57 12,197 J2S_MeteringReceiptReq.c
2023/11/14 15:26 7,880 J2S_PaymentDetailsReq.c
2023/11/02 10:08 8,988 J2S_PaymentServiceSelectionReq.c
2025/01/22 17:22 24,762 J2S_PowerDeliveryReq.c
2023/11/14 15:10 7,709 J2S_PreChargeReq.c
2023/11/02 10:09 12,901 J2S_ServiceDetailReq.c
2024/05/20 10:33 18,174 J2S_ServiceDiscoveryReq.c
2025/02/07 17:13 6,104 J2S_SessionSetupReq.c
2023/11/08 17:59 5,808 J2S_SessionStopReq.c
2023/11/30 16:13 1,429 J2S_SignedInfo.c
2023/11/08 09:27 5,232 J2S_supportedAppProtocolReq.c
2023/11/14 13:52 7,075 J2S_WeldingDetectionReq.c
30 个文件 307,799 字节
针对-20编写的文件如下:
\src\Json2Schema\iso15118-20 的目录
2023/11/29 17:24 1,539 J2S_AbsolutePriceSchedule_20.c
2023/12/03 12:55 99,497 J2S_AC_ChargeLoopReq_20.c
2023/12/08 11:30 35,753 J2S_AC_ChargeParameterDiscoveryReq_20.c
2023/10/26 11:27 8,176 J2S_ac_common_20.c
2025/01/15 17:00 30,967 J2S_AC_createHeaderWithSignedInfo_20.c
2024/03/11 23:49 10,848 J2S_AuthorizationReq_20.c
2024/03/12 00:07 9,814 J2S_AuthorizationSetupReq_20.c
2025/01/17 09:20 26,533 J2S_CertificateInstallationReq_20.c
2024/03/13 18:25 13,356 J2S_common_20.c
2025/01/15 17:34 41,991 J2S_createHeaderWithSignedInfo_20.c
2023/12/04 16:56 4,113 J2S_DC_CableCheckReq_20.c
2024/02/28 16:22 77,415 J2S_DC_ChargeLoopReq_20.c
2023/12/06 13:26 26,368 J2S_DC_ChargeParameterDiscoveryReq_20.c
2023/12/04 16:25 4,785 J2S_dc_common_20.c
2025/01/15 17:26 35,233 J2S_DC_createHeaderWithSignedInfo_20.c
2023/12/04 19:07 5,280 J2S_DC_PreChargeReq_20.c
2023/12/04 19:08 4,701 J2S_DC_WeldingDetectionReq_20.c
2025/01/15 17:26 18,721 J2S_MeteringConfirmationReq_20.c
2024/04/19 10:30 1,549 J2S_OEMProvisioningCertificateChain_20.c
2023/11/29 15:19 1,451 J2S_PnC_AReqAuthorizationMode_20.c
2024/03/14 17:41 13,564 J2S_PowerDeliveryReq_20.c
2023/11/01 16:03 1,149 J2S_PreChargeReq_20.c
2023/12/06 13:44 68,086 J2S_ScheduleExchangeReq_20.c
2023/11/02 10:16 10,893 J2S_ServiceDetailReq_20.c
2023/11/02 10:16 8,582 J2S_ServiceDiscoveryReq_20.c
2023/11/02 10:16 7,293 J2S_ServiceSelectionReq_20.c
2025/02/05 13:23 4,801 J2S_SessionSetupReq_20.c
2023/11/06 15:57 5,840 J2S_SessionStopReq_20.c
2023/11/29 15:55 1,297 J2S_SignedInfo_20.c
2023/11/29 15:48 1,275 J2S_SignedInstallationData_20.c
30 个文件 580,870 字节
举个一般的命令转换文件iso15118-2\J2S_AuthorisationReq.c,说明下关键的代码
/*
* J2S_AuthorisationReq.c
*
* Created on: 2023-10-10
* Author: Tom
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "cJSON.h"
#include "iso2_msgDefDatatypes.h"
#include "iso2_msgDefEncoder.h"
#include "iso2_msgDefDecoder.h"
#include "J2S_header.h"
#include "base64Codec.h"
#include "printHex.h"
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static cJSON * ISO2_create_cJSON_Body_AuthorizationRes(struct iso2_AuthorizationResType cmd);
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// transform json to Schema Struct
struct iso2_exiDocument ISO2_AuthorizationReq_J2S(cJSON *cjson) {
//读取V2G_Message
cJSON *json_V2G_Message = cJSON_GetObjectItem(cjson, "V2G_Message");
//读取Header
cJSON *json_Header = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_V2G_Message, "Header");
//读取Body对象
cJSON *json_Body = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_V2G_Message, "Body");
cJSON *json_AuthorizationReq = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_Body, "AuthorizationReq");
//填充Schema数据结构
// init for structs
struct iso2_exiDocument exiDoc;
struct iso2_V2G_Message V2G_Message;
struct iso2_MessageHeaderType Header;
struct iso2_BodyType Body;
struct iso2_AuthorizationReqType AuthorizationReq;
// fill Header
init_iso2_MessageHeaderType(&Header);
Header = create_Header_WithSignedInfo(json_Header);
// fill Body
init_iso2_AuthorizationReqType(&AuthorizationReq);
// Attribute: Id, ID (base: NCName)
cJSON * json_Id = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_AuthorizationReq,"Id");
if(json_Id){
strcpy(AuthorizationReq.Id.characters, json_Id->valuestring);
AuthorizationReq.Id.charactersLen = strlen(json_Id->valuestring);
AuthorizationReq.Id_isUsed = 1u;
}
// GenChallenge, genChallengeType (base: base64Binary)
cJSON * json_GenChallenge = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_AuthorizationReq,"GenChallenge");
if(json_GenChallenge){
AuthorizationReq.GenChallenge_isUsed = 1u;
base64_decode((uint8_t *)json_GenChallenge->valuestring, strlen(json_GenChallenge->valuestring),
AuthorizationReq.GenChallenge.bytes, &AuthorizationReq.GenChallenge.bytesLen);
}
init_iso2_BodyType(&Body);
Body.AuthorizationReq = AuthorizationReq;
Body.AuthorizationReq_isUsed = 1u;
init_iso2_V2G_Message(&V2G_Message);
V2G_Message.Header = Header;
V2G_Message.Body = Body;
init_iso2_exiDocument( &exiDoc );
exiDoc.V2G_Message = V2G_Message;
return exiDoc;
}
// transform Schema Struct to json
cJSON * ISO2_AuthorizationReq_S2J(struct iso2_exiDocument *exiDoc){
cJSON * root = cJSON_CreateObject();
cJSON * json_V2G_Message = cJSON_CreateObject();
cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "V2G_Message", json_V2G_Message);
//----------Header--------
cJSON * json_Header = create_cJSON_Header_WithSignedInfo(exiDoc->V2G_Message.Header);
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_V2G_Message, "Header", json_Header);
//----------Body-----------
cJSON * json_Body = cJSON_CreateObject();
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_V2G_Message, "Body", json_Body);
if(exiDoc->V2G_Message.Body.AuthorizationReq_isUsed){
cJSON * json_AuthorizationReq = cJSON_CreateObject();
if(json_AuthorizationReq){
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_Body, "AuthorizationReq", json_AuthorizationReq);
struct iso2_AuthorizationReqType cmd = exiDoc->V2G_Message.Body.AuthorizationReq;
// Attribute: Id, ID (base: NCName)
if(cmd.Id_isUsed){
char *Id = (char *)malloc(cmd.Id.charactersLen+1);
memset(Id,0, cmd.Id.charactersLen+1);
memcpy(Id, cmd.Id.characters, cmd.Id.charactersLen);
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_AuthorizationReq, "Id", cJSON_CreateString(Id));
free(Id);
}
// GenChallenge, genChallengeType (base: base64Binary)
if(cmd.GenChallenge_isUsed){
char * encode = (char *)base64_encode2Str(cmd.GenChallenge.bytes, (int)cmd.GenChallenge.bytesLen);
if(encode){
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_AuthorizationReq, "GenChallenge", cJSON_CreateString(encode));
free(encode);
}
}
}
}
return root;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// transform json to Schema Struct
struct iso2_exiDocument ISO2_AuthorizationRes_J2S(cJSON *cjson) {
//读取V2G_Message
cJSON *json_V2G_Message = cJSON_GetObjectItem(cjson, "V2G_Message");
//读取Header
cJSON *json_Header = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_V2G_Message, "Header");
//读取Body对象
cJSON *json_Body = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_V2G_Message, "Body");
cJSON *json_AuthorizationRes = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_Body, "AuthorizationRes");
//填充Schema数据结构
// init for structs
struct iso2_exiDocument exiDoc;
struct iso2_V2G_Message V2G_Message;
struct iso2_MessageHeaderType Header;
struct iso2_BodyType Body;
struct iso2_AuthorizationResType AuthorizationRes;
// fill Header
init_iso2_MessageHeaderType(&Header);
Header = create_Header_WithSignedInfo(json_Header);
// fill Body
init_iso2_AuthorizationResType(&AuthorizationRes);
//ResponseCode
cJSON *json_ResponseCode = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_AuthorizationRes, "ResponseCode");
if(json_ResponseCode){
AuthorizationRes.ResponseCode = ResponseCode_Str2Int(json_ResponseCode->valuestring);
}
// EVSEProcessing, EVSEProcessingType (base: string)
cJSON * json_EVSEProcessing = cJSON_GetObjectItem(json_AuthorizationRes,"EVSEProcessing");
if(json_EVSEProcessing){
AuthorizationRes.EVSEProcessing = EVSEProcessing_Str2Int(json_EVSEProcessing->valuestring);
}
init_iso2_BodyType(&Body);
Body.AuthorizationRes = AuthorizationRes;
Body.AuthorizationRes_isUsed = 1u;
init_iso2_V2G_Message(&V2G_Message);
V2G_Message.Header = Header;
V2G_Message.Body = Body;
init_iso2_exiDocument( &exiDoc );
exiDoc.V2G_Message = V2G_Message;
return exiDoc;
}
// transform Schema Struct to json
cJSON * ISO2_AuthorizationRes_S2J(struct iso2_exiDocument *exiDoc){
cJSON * root = cJSON_CreateObject();
cJSON * json_V2G_Message = cJSON_CreateObject();
cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "V2G_Message", json_V2G_Message);
//----------Header--------
cJSON * json_Header = create_cJSON_Header_WithSignedInfo(exiDoc->V2G_Message.Header);
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_V2G_Message, "Header", json_Header);
//----------Body-----------
cJSON * json_Body = cJSON_CreateObject();
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_V2G_Message, "Body", json_Body);
if(exiDoc->V2G_Message.Body.AuthorizationRes_isUsed){
cJSON * json_AuthorizationRes = ISO2_create_cJSON_Body_AuthorizationRes(exiDoc->V2G_Message.Body.AuthorizationRes);
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_Body, "AuthorizationRes", json_AuthorizationRes);
}
return root;
}
static cJSON * ISO2_create_cJSON_Body_AuthorizationRes(struct iso2_AuthorizationResType cmd){
cJSON *json_Res = cJSON_CreateObject();
//ResponseCode
char * ResponseCode = ResponseCode_Int2Str(cmd.ResponseCode);
if(ResponseCode){
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_Res, "ResponseCode", cJSON_CreateString(ResponseCode));
}
// EVSEProcessing, EVSEProcessingType (base: string)
char *EVSEProcessing = EVSEProcessing_Int2Str(cmd.EVSEProcessing);
if(EVSEProcessing){
cJSON_AddItemToObject(json_Res, "EVSEProcessing", cJSON_CreateString(EVSEProcessing));
}
return json_Res;
}
转换函数入口:
struct iso2_exiDocument ISO2_AuthorizationReq_J2S(cJSON *cjson) // AuthorizationReq: 编码时把cjson解析成数据结构iso2_exiDocument
cJSON * ISO2_AuthorizationReq_S2J(struct iso2_exiDocument *exiDoc) // AuthorizationReq: 解码时把iso2_exiDocument转换成cjson
struct iso2_exiDocument ISO2_AuthorizationRes_J2S(cJSON *cjson) // AuthorizationRes: 编码时把cjson解析成数据结构iso2_exiDocument
cJSON * ISO2_AuthorizationRes_S2J(struct iso2_exiDocument *exiDoc) // AuthorizationRes: 解码时把iso2_exiDocument转换成cjson
下节预告:
9.5 cjson库缺陷改进
9.6 cbExiGen库bug及改进
9.7 编解码库稳定性测试
9.8 编解码库兼容性测试
9.9 编解码库性能测试