Linux 服务器 Mysql 8.4.6 安装

说明：本次安装Mysql版本为 Mysql 8.4.6 ，操作系统为 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9。

1.安装包下载

点击进入如下网址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

选择Mysql版本如下：

选择操作系统如下：

选择操作系统版本如下：

选择安装包 RPM Bundle，点击【Download】下载：

2. 创建目录

# cd /opt
# mkdir mysql

3.上传软件安装包及解压

3.1 通过合适的方法将软件安装包上传到服务器目录/opt/mysql 下
3.2 安装包解压缩

# cd /opt/mysql 
# ll
total 928732
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 951019520 Nov  7 14:11 mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar# tar -xvf mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debugsource-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-debuginfo-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

4. 安装依赖

# dnf install -y libaio numactl-libs openssl perl

5.按顺序安装RPM 包

# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el################################# [100%]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-client-plugins-8.################################# [100%]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el9 ################################# [100%]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el################################# [100%]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.################################# [100%]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el################################# [100%]

6.初始化 MySQL

# systemctl enable mysqld
# systemctl start mysqld
# systemctl status mysqld

7.获取临时密码

# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-11-07T06:28:16.249478Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: e8Le0hvudSk_p

8.登录验证

# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:   ----输入上面获取的临时密码

9.修改密码

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Passwd123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

10.查看版本

mysql> SELECT VERSION();
+-----------+
| VERSION() |
+-----------+
| 8.4.6     |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

11.修改端口号

--查看当前默认端口
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'port';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| port          | 3306  |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)--修改端口
编辑/etc/my.cnf，添加如下内容：
port=3307重启MySQL 服务：
systemctl restart mysqld--确认当前端口
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'port';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| port          | 3307  |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)

12.修改文件存放位置（可选）

当前默认路径：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'datadir';
+---------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value           |
+---------------+-----------------+
| datadir       | /var/lib/mysql/ |
+---------------+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

如果需要修改文件存放位置，可通过修改/etc/my.cnf 实现，添加如下内容：

datadir=/Data/mysqldata

重启服务：

# systemctl restart mysqld

验证是否修改成功：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'datadir';
+---------------+------------------+
| Variable_name | Value            |
+---------------+------------------+
| datadir       | /Data/mysqldata/ |
+---------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)