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Apache POI

news 2025/11/13 9:46:59

Apache POI 是一个处理Miscrosoft Office各种文件格式的开源项目。简单来说就是，我们可以使用 POI 在 Java 程序中对Miscrosoft Office各种文件进行读写操作。一般情况下，POI 都是用于操作 Excel 文件。

业务场景：导入Excel文件内数据到数据库内、把数据库内的数据导出为Excel报表。

maven坐标

        <dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi</artifactId><version>3.16</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>3.16</version></dependency>

将数据写入Excel文件示例

@Testpublic void testApachePOI(){//在内存中创建一个Excel对象XSSFWorkbook excel = new XSSFWorkbook();//创建Shell页XSSFSheet sheet = excel.createSheet("itcast");//在Sheet页中创建行，0为第一行，关于ApachePOI的行和列都是从0开始XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);//创建单元格，0为第一列row.createCell(0).setCellValue("编号");row.createCell(1).setCellValue("姓名");row.createCell(2).setCellValue("年龄");//创建数据行XSSFRow dataRow = sheet.createRow(1);dataRow.createCell(0).setCellValue(1);dataRow.createCell(1).setCellValue("张三");dataRow.createCell(2).setCellValue(18);//创建数据行XSSFRow dataRow2 = sheet.createRow(2);dataRow2.createCell(0).setCellValue(2);dataRow2.createCell(1).setCellValue("张四");dataRow2.createCell(2).setCellValue(19);//创建输出流，指定路径FileOutputStream out = null;try {out = new FileOutputStream("D:\\excel\\test.xlsx");excel.write(out);}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}finally {if (excel != null){try {excel.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}if (out != null){try {out.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}

文档

读取excel的数据

@Testpublic void testApachePOI2() throws Exception{FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("D:\\excel\\test.xlsx");//通过输入流读取指定的文件XSSFWorkbook excel = new XSSFWorkbook(in);//获取第一个Sheet页XSSFSheet sheet = excel.getSheetAt(0);int LastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();for (int i = 0; i <= LastRowNum; i++) {XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);if (i==0){System.out.println(row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue()+","+row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue()+","+row.getCell(2).getStringCellValue());}else {System.out.println(row.getCell(0)+","+row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue()+","+row.getCell(2));}}in.close();excel.close();}

实战：在用报表模板创建三十天营业额统计

Controller层

 @GetMapping("/export")@ApiOperation("导出数据")public Result exportData(HttpServletResponse  response){log.info("开始导出数据...");reportService.exportData(response);return null;}

Service层

  /*** 导出近30天的运营数据报表* @param response*/@Overridepublic void exportData(HttpServletResponse response) {LocalDate now = LocalDate.now();LocalDate begin = now.minusDays(30);LocalDate end = now.minusDays(1);//查询运营数据BusinessDataVO businessDataVO = workspaceService.getBusinessData(LocalDateTime.of(begin, LocalTime.MIN),LocalDateTime.of(end, LocalTime.MAX));//读取模板，将其作为输入流读取到内存中InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("template/运营数据报表模板.xlsx");try {XSSFWorkbook excel = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);XSSFSheet sheet = excel.getSheet("Sheet1");sheet.getRow(1).getCell(1).setCellValue(begin + "至" + end);//获取第四行XSSFRow row4 = sheet.getRow(3);row4.getCell(2).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getTurnover());row4.getCell(4).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getOrderCompletionRate());row4.getCell(6).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getNewUsers());//获取第五行XSSFRow row5 = sheet.getRow(4);row5.getCell(2).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getValidOrderCount());row5.getCell(4).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getUnitPrice());//明细数据for (int i=0;i<30;i++){LocalDate date = begin.plusDays(i);businessDataVO = workspaceService.getBusinessData(LocalDateTime.of(date,LocalTime.MIN),LocalDateTime.of(date, LocalTime.MAX));XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i+7);row.getCell(1).setCellValue(date.toString());row.getCell(2).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getTurnover());row.getCell(3).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getValidOrderCount());row.getCell(4).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getOrderCompletionRate());row.getCell(5).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getUnitPrice());row.getCell(6).setCellValue(businessDataVO.getNewUsers());}//通过输出流进行文件下载到客户端服务器中OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();excel.write(outputStream);outputStream.close();excel.close();inputStream.close();} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

模板放在

所以可以通过获取类->获取类加载器->获取resource->路径获得。

BusinessDataVO

package com.sky.vo;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;import java.io.Serializable;/*** 数据概览*/
@Data
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class BusinessDataVO implements Serializable {private Double turnover;//营业额private Integer validOrderCount;//有效订单数private Double orderCompletionRate;//订单完成率private Double unitPrice;//平均客单价private Integer newUsers;//新增用户数}

模板

导出示例

补充：

HttpServletResponse 属于 Java Servlet API 框架的一部分。
框架介绍
所属框架: Java Servlet API（Java EE/Web容器标准API）
作用: 用于处理HTTP响应的核心接口
相关方法说明
在当前代码中使用的 HttpServletResponse 方法包括：
getOutputStream() - 获取响应的输出流，用于向客户端发送二进制数据（如Excel文件）
setContentType() - 设置响应内容类型（MIME类型）
setHeader() - 设置HTTP响应头信息

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