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Java 文件上传-阿里云OSS对象存储

news 2025/11/5 14:37:59

一. 简介

1. 文件上传；指将本地图片、视频、音频等文件上传到服务器，供其他用户浏览或下载的过程

二. 本地存储

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class UploadController {@PostMapping("/upload")public Result upload(String username, Integer age, MultipartFile file) throws IOException {log.info("接收参数{},{},{}",username,age,file);//获取原始文件名String originalFilename =  file.getOriginalFilename();//获取原始文件名的扩展名String extension = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));//生成新的唯一的文件名String newFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + extension;//保存文件file.transferTo(new File("D:/image/" + newFileName));return Result.success();}

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body><form action="/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>年龄：<input type="text" name="age"><br>头像：<input type="file" name="file"><br><input type="submit" value="提交"></form>
</body>
</html>

三. 配置文件上传大小

1. 上传文件时，默认上传文件的最大大小为1MB，超过1MB需要在配置文件中配置

四. 阿里云OSS

1. 介绍

阿里云是阿里巴巴集团旗下全球领先的云计算公司，也是国内最大的云服务提供商。

阿里云对象存储OSS(Object Storage Service)，是一款海量、安全、低成本、高可靠的云存储服务，使用OSS，您可以通过网络随时存储和调用包括文本、图片、音频和视频等在内的各种文件。

2. 注册阿里云

3. 充值

4. 开通对象存储服务

5. 创建Bucket

6. 获取并配置AccessKey(秘钥)

五. 注意注意注意

六. 阿里云OSS-入门程序-pom依赖引入

1. 注意：在使用第三方提供的云服务或技术时，一定要参照对应的官方文档进行开发和测试

注意：环境变量配置成功后重启idea，进行测试程序编写

七. 程序-测试文件上传


import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.comm.SignVersion;
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.file.Files;public class OssJavaSdkQuickStart {public static void main(String[] args) throws com.aliyuncs.exceptions.ClientException {// Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，填写为https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com，其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";String bucketName = "wyyzs-java-file";// 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。String region = "cn-beijing";// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请先配置环境变量EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider =CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 创建OSSClient实例。// 当OSSClient实例不再使用时，调用shutdown方法以释放资源。ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();// 显式声明使用 V4 签名算法clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create().endpoint(endpoint).credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider).region(region).build();try {// 1. 创建存储空间（Bucket）ossClient.createBucket(bucketName);System.out.println("1. Bucket " + bucketName + " 创建成功。");// 2. 上传文件File file = new File("D:\\照片\\swk.webp");byte[] content = Files.readAllBytes(file.toPath());String objectName = "swk.webp";ossClient.putObject(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(content));System.out.println("2. 文件 " + objectName + " 上传成功。");} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException | IOException ce) {System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "+ "such as not being able to access the network.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
}