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Apache介绍和安装

news 2025/9/30 10:07:04

Apache介绍和安装

1.Apache介绍

Apache一般指Apache HTTP Server，是Apache软件基金会的一个开源网页服务器软件，以下为你详细介绍：

基本信息

它具有简单、快速、可靠等特点，能运行在几乎所有广泛使用的计算机平台上，由于其跨平台和安全性，被广泛使用，是最流行的Web服务器软件之一。

发展历程

1995年，美国国家超级电脑应用中心（NCSA）的HTTPd服务器项目停滞后，开发者们将修补代码汇总，形成了Apache HTTP Server，同年4月正式发布。
此后不断更新完善，功能日益强大，逐渐成为互联网上使用最广泛的Web服务器软件。

特点

开放源代码：遵循Apache许可证，用户可自由使用、修改和分发，众多开发者参与贡献，不断改进其功能和性能。
跨平台性：支持多种操作系统，如Windows、Linux、Unix等，方便不同环境部署。
模块化设计：拥有丰富模块，如身份验证、URL重写、缓存等，用户可根据需求灵活加载或卸载，定制服务器功能。
稳定性与可靠性：经过长期发展和大量实践检验，能在高负载下稳定运行，确保网站持续提供服务。
安全性：提供多种安全机制，如SSL/TLS加密、访问控制、防止DDoS攻击等，保护网站和用户数据安全。

应用场景

企业网站：为各类企业搭建官方网站，展示企业信息、产品和服务，处理客户咨询和订单。
电子商务平台：支撑在线购物网站，处理大量用户访问、交易数据和支付流程，保障交易安全稳定。
内容管理系统（CMS）：作为WordPress、Drupal等CMS的服务器平台，发布和管理各种类型的内容。

2.Apache安装

2.1 主机初始化

2.1.1 设置网卡名

Rocky Linux 9/10、Almalinux 9/10、CentOS Stream 9/10、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9：

创建 systemd 链接文件：创建 /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link 文件。

[root@rocky10 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/systemd/network/
[root@rocky10 ~]# touch /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link[root@rocky10 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:02:55:30 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffaltname enp3s0altname enx000c29025530inet 172.31.15.1/20 brd 172.31.15.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160valid_lft 1776sec preferred_lft 1776secinet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe02:5530/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[root@rocky10 ~]# cat > /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link << EOF
[Match]
MACAddress=00:0c:29:f8:60:8f[Link]
Name=eth0
EOF# 也可以执行下面命令
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
ETHMAC=`ip addr show ${ETHNANME} | awk -F' ' '/ether/{print $2}'`
mkdir /etc/systemd/network/
touch /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link
cat > /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link << EOF
[Match]
MACAddress=${ETHMAC}[Link]
Name=eth0
EOF

修改 NetworkManager 配置文件：如果使用 NetworkManager 管理网络，需要修改 /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections 下的配置文件。

[root@rocky10 ~]# mv /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ens160.nmconnection /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection[root@rocky10 ~]# sed -i.bak 's/'ens160'/eth0/' /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection# 也可以执行下面命令
mv /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/${ETHNAME}.nmconnection /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection

Rocky Linux 8、Almalinux 8、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03和24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10/v11、UOS Server v20：
- 修改 GRUB 配置文件：打开 /etc/default/grub 文件，添加以下内容到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 行
```
net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0
```
  执行以下命令：
```
sed -ri.bak '/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=/s@"$@ net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"@' /etc/default/grub
```
  然后更新 GRUB 配置：
```
grub2-mkconfig -o /
```

2.1 主机初始化

2.1.1 设置网卡名

Rocky Linux 9/10、Almalinux 9/10、CentOS Stream 9/10、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9：

创建 systemd 链接文件：创建 /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link 文件。

[root@rocky10 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/systemd/network/
[root@rocky10 ~]# touch /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link[root@rocky10 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:02:55:30 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffaltname enp3s0altname enx000c29025530inet 10.0.15.1/20 brd 10.0.15.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160valid_lft 1788sec preferred_lft 1788secinet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe02:5530/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[root@rocky10 ~]# cat > /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link << EOF
[Match]
MACAddress=00:0c:29:02:55:30[Link]
Name=eth0
EOF# 也可以执行下面命令
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
ETHMAC=`ip addr show ${ETHNANME} | awk -F' ' '/ether/{print $2}'`
mkdir /etc/systemd/network/
touch /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link
cat > /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link << EOF
[Match]
MACAddress=${ETHMAC}[Link]
Name=eth0
EOF

修改 NetworkManager 配置文件：如果使用 NetworkManager 管理网络，需要修改 /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections 下的配置文件。

[root@rocky10 ~]# mv /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ens160.nmconnection /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection[root@rocky10 ~]# sed -i.bak 's/'ens160'/eth0/' /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection# 也可以执行下面命令
mv /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/${ETHNAME}.nmconnection /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection

Rocky Linux 8、Almalinux 8、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03和24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10/v11、UOS Server v20：

修改 GRUB 配置文件：打开 /etc/default/grub 文件，添加以下内容到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 行

net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

执行以下命令：

sed -ri.bak '/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=/s@"$@ net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"@' /etc/default/grub

然后更新 GRUB 配置：

grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

如果是 UEFI 引导系统，更新命令为：

# Rocky
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/rocky/grub.cfg# Almalinux
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/grub.cfg# CentOS
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg# openEuler
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/openEuler/grub.cfg# AnolisOS
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/anolis/grub.cfg# OpenCloudOS
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/opencloudos/grub.cfg# Kylin Server
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/kylin/grub.cfg# UOS Server
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/uos/grub.cfg# UEFI 引导系统可以直接执行下面命令：
EFI_DIR=`find /boot/efi/ -name "grub.cfg" | awk -F"/" '{print $5}'`
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/${EFI_DIR}/grub.cfg

创建 Udev 规则文件：创建 /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules 文件，并添加以下内容：

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="<网卡MAC地址>", NAME="eth0"

**注意：**创建Udev这个步骤只在AnolisOS 8上执行。

将 <网卡MAC地址> 替换为实际网卡的 MAC 地址。

[root@anolisos8 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:47:02:3f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffaltname enp2s1inet 10.0.15.21/20 brd 10.0.15.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33valid_lft 1788sec preferred_lft 1788secinet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe47:23f/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[root@anolis8 ~]# cat >> /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules << EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:47:02:3f", NAME="eth0"
EOF# 也可以执行下面命令
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
ETHMAC=`ip addr show ${ETHNANME} | awk -F' ' '/ether/{print $2}'`
cat >> /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules << EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="${ETHMAC}", NAME="eth0"
EOF

修改网卡配置文件：创建 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 文件，并配置网卡参数，例如：

ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
mv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-${ETHNAME} /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Ubuntu和Debian：

# Ubuntu和Debian先启用root用户，并设置密码
raymond@ubuntu2404:~$ cat set_root_login.sh 
#!/bin/bashread -p "请输入密码: " PASSWORD
echo ${PASSWORD} |sudo -S sed -ri 's@#(PermitRootLogin )prohibit-password@\1yes@' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo systemctl restart sshd
sudo -S passwd root <<-EOF
${PASSWORD}
${PASSWORD}
EOFraymond@ubuntu2404:~$ bash set_root_login.sh 
请输入密码: 123456
[sudo] password for raymond: New password: Retype new password: passwd: password updated successfully

修改 GRUB 配置文件：打开 /etc/default/grub 文件，添加以下内容到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 行

net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

执行以下命令：

sed -ri.bak '/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=/s@"$@net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"@' /etc/default/grub

然后更新 GRUB 配置：

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

如果是 UEFI 引导系统，更新命令为：

# Ubuntu
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg# Debian
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/debian/grub.cfg# UEFI 引导系统可以直接执行下面命令：
EFI_DIR=`find /boot/efi/ -name "grub.cfg" | awk -F"/" '{print $5}'`
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/${EFI_DIR}/grub.cfg

修改网卡配置文件：

# Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml# Ubuntu Server 22.04  LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
touch /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg
cat > /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg <<-EOF
network: {config: disabled}
EOF
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml# Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml# Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml# Debian
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/network/interfaces

重启系统：
```
reboot
```
重启后，网卡名称将变为 eth0。

2.1.2 设置ip地址

ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`# IP变量是ip地址，PREFIX变量是子网掩码位数；GATEWAY变量是网关地址；PRIMARY_DNS变量是主DNS，BACKUP_DNS变量是备用DNS，根据自己的需求修改。
IP=10.0.0.10
PREFIX=20
GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
PRIMARY_DNS=223.5.5.5
BACKUP_DNS=180.76.76.76

Rocky Linux 9/10、Almalinux 9/10、CentOS Stream 9/10、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9：

cat > /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/${ETHNAME}.nmconnection <<-EOF
[connection]
id=${ETHNAME}
type=ethernet
interface-name=${ETHNAME}[ipv4]
address1=${IP}/${PREFIX},${GATEWAY}
dns=${PRIMARY_DNS};${BACKUP_DNS};
method=manual
EOF

Rocky Linux 8、Almalinux 8、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03和24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10/v11、UOS Server v20：

cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-${ETHNAME} <<-EOF
NAME=${ETHNAME}
DEVICE=${ETHNAME}
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=${IP}
PREFIX=${PREFIX}
GATEWAY=${GATEWAY}
DNS1=${PRIMARY_DNS}
DNS2=${BACKUP_DNS}
EOF

Ubuntu：

# Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS
cat > /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml <<-EOF
network:version: 2renderer: networkdethernets:${ETHNAME}:dhcp4: nodhcp6: noaddresses: [${IP}/${PREFIX}] gateway4: ${GATEWAY}nameservers:addresses: [${PRIMARY_DNS}, ${BACKUP_DNS}]# Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS
cat > /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml <<-EOF
network:version: 2renderer: networkdethernets:${ETHNAME}:dhcp4: nodhcp6: noaddresses: [${IP}/${PREFIX}] gateway4: ${GATEWAY}nameservers:addresses: [${PRIMARY_DNS}, ${BACKUP_DNS}]
EOF# Ubuntu Server 22.04/24.04 LTS
cat > /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml <<-EOF
network:version: 2renderer: networkdethernets:${ETHNAME}:dhcp4: nodhcp6: noaddresses: [${IP}/${PREFIX}]routes:- to: defaultvia: ${GATEWAY}nameservers:addresses: [${PRIMARY_DNS}, ${BACKUP_DNS}]
EOF

Debian：

sed -ri -e "s/allow-hotplug/auto/g" -e "s/dhcp/static/g" /etc/network/interfaces
sed -i '/static/a\address '${IP}'/'${PREFIX}'\ngateway '${GATEWAY}'\ndns-nameservers '${PRIMARY_DNS}' '${BACKUP_DNS}'\n' /etc/network/interfaces

openSUSE：

cat > /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-${ETHNAME} <<-EOF
STARTMODE='auto'
BOOTPROTO='static'
IPADDR='${IP}/${PREFIX}'
EOF
touch /etc/sysconfig/network/routes
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network/routes  <<-EOF
default ${GATEWAY} - -
EOF
sed -ri  's/(NETCONFIG_DNS_STATIC_SERVERS=).*/\1"'${PRIMARY_DNS}' '${BACKUP_DNS}'"/g' /etc/sysconfig/network/config

2.1.3 配置镜像源

Rocky：

# 阿里云镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址是：mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux，火山引擎镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址是：mirrors.volces.com/rockylinux，后面地址是rockylinux，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/rockylinux|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/[Rr]ocky*.repo# 搜狐镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址是：mirrors.sohu.com/Rocky，后面地址是Rocky，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.sohu.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://'${OLD_MIRROR}'/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/Rocky|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/[Rr]ocky*.repo# 其余镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址后面地址都是rocky，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.tencent.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/rocky|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/[Rr]ocky*.repodnf clean all && dnf makecache

Almalinux：

MIRROR=mirrors.tencent.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(sed -rn '/^.*baseurl=/s@.*=http.*://(.*)/(.*)/\$releasever/.*/$@\1@p' /etc/yum.repos.d/almalinux*.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^# baseurl=https://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/almalinux*.repo

CentOS Stream 9和10：

cat update_mirror.pl
#!/usr/bin/perluse strict;
use warnings;
use autodie;# 要修改镜像源，请去修改url变量！
my $url = 'mirrors.aliyun.com';
my $mirrors = "https://$url/centos-stream";if (@ARGV < 1) {die "Usage: $0 <filename1> <filename2> ...\n";
}while (my $filename = shift @ARGV) {my $backup_filename = $filename . '.bak';rename $filename, $backup_filename;open my $input, "<", $backup_filename;open my $output, ">", $filename;while (<$input>) {s/^metalink/# metalink/;if (m/^name/) {my (undef, $repo, $arch) = split /-/;$repo =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;($arch = defined $arch ? lc($arch) : '') =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;if ($repo =~ /^Extras/) {$_ .= "baseurl=${mirrors}/SIGs/\$releasever-stream/extras" . ($arch eq 'source' ? "/${arch}/" : "/\$basearch/") . "extras-common\n";} else {$_ .= "baseurl=${mirrors}/\$releasever-stream/$repo" . ($arch eq 'source' ? "/" : "/\$basearch/") . ($arch ne '' ? "${arch}/tree/" : "os") . "\n";}}print $output $_;}
}rpm -q perl &> /dev/null || { echo -e "\\033[01;31m "安装perl工具,请稍等..."\033[0m";yum -y install perl ; }perl ./update_mirror.pl /etc/yum.repos.d/centos*.repodnf clean all && dnf makecache

CentOS Stream 8：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/centos-vault|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repodnf clean all && dnf makecache

CentOS 7：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OS_RELEASE_FULL_VERSION=`cat /etc/centos-release | sed -rn 's/^(CentOS Linux release )(.*)( \(Core\))/\2/p'`
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/centos-vault|g' -e "s/\$releasever/${OS_RELEASE_FULL_VERSION}/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repoyum clean all && yum makecache

Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -ri "s@^(URIs: )(http.*://)(.*)(/ubuntu).?@\1https://${MIRROR}\4@g" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sourcesapt update

Ubuntu Server 18.04/20.04/22.04 LTS：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/ubuntu/? $(lsb_release -cs) main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
SECURITY_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/ubuntu.* $(lsb_release -cs)-security main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
sed -i.bak -e 's@http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'@https://'${MIRROR}'@g' -e 's@http.*://'${SECURITY_MIRROR}'@https://'${MIRROR}'@g' /etc/apt/sources.listapt update

Debian：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/debian/? $(lsb_release -cs) main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
SECURITY_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/debian-security $(lsb_release -cs)-security main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
sed -ri.bak -e 's/'${OLD_MIRROR}'/'${MIRROR}'/g' -e 's/'${SECURITY_MIRROR}'/'${MIRROR}'/g' -e 's/^(deb cdrom.*)/#\1/g' /etc/apt/sources.listapt update

openEuler：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(awk -F'/' '/^baseurl=/{print $3}' /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak -e 's|^metalink=|#metalink=|g' -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|https://'${MIRROR}'/openeuler|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repodnf clean all && dnf makecache

AnolisOS:

OLD_MIRROR=$(sed -rn '/^.*baseurl=/s@.*=http.*://(.*)/(.*)/\$releasever/.*/$@\1@p' /etc/yum.repos.d/AnolisOS*.repo | head -1)# 中国科学院软件研究所镜像站AnolisOS系统镜像源地址是：mirror.iscas.ac.cn/openanolis，后面地址是openanolis，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirror.iscas.ac.cn
sed -i.bak -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'/anolis|https://'${MIRROR}'/openanolis|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/AnolisOS*.repo# 其余镜像站AnolisOS系统镜像源地址后面地址都是anolis，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'/anolis|https://'${MIRROR}'/anolis|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/AnolisOS*.repodnf clean all && dnf makecache

OpenCloudOS：

MIRROR=mirrors.tencent.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(awk -F'/' '/^baseurl=/{print $3}' /etc/yum.repos.d/OpenCloudOS*.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|https://'${MIRROR}'|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/OpenCloudOS*.repodnf clean all && dnf makecache

openSUSE:

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(awk -F'/' '/^baseurl=/{print $3}' /etc/zypp/repos.d/repo-*.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|https://'${MIRROR}'/opensuse|g' /etc/zypp/repos.d/repo-*.repozypper clean && zypper refresh

2.1.4 关闭防火墙

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、openSUSE、Kylin Server、UOS Server
systemctl disable --now firewalld# CentOS 7还要执行下面命令
systemctl disable --now NetworkManager# Ubuntu
systemctl disable --now ufw# Debian默认没有安装防火墙，不用设置

2.1.5 禁用SELinux

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server、UOS Server
setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config# Ubuntu、Debian和openSUSE默认没有安装SELinux，不用设置

2.1.6 禁用AppArmor

# openSUSE发行版默认不启用SELinux，而是使用AppArmor来提供强制访问控制（MAC）功能，需要禁用AppArmor。
systemctl disable --now apparmor

2.1.7 设置时区

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone# Ubuntu还要设置下面内容
cat >> /etc/default/locale <<-EOF
LC_TIME=en_DK.UTF-8
EOF

2.2 包安装

2.2.1 Yum资源库安装Httpd

在Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server、UOS Server上安装httpd：

[root@rocky10 ~]# yum list httpd --showduplicates
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:56 ago on Tue 23 Sep 2025 04:03:20 PM CST.
Available Packages
httpd.x86_64                                     2.4.63-1.el10                                          appstream
httpd.x86_64                                     2.4.63-1.el10_0.2                                      appstream[root@rocky10 ~]# yum install -y httpd[root@rocky10 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now httpd[root@rocky10 ~]# ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      511                *:80              *:*[root@rocky10 ~]# httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.63 (Rocky Linux)
Server built:   Jul 15 2025 00:00:00

2.2.2 Apt资源库安装Apache2

在Ubuntu和Debian上安装apache2：

root@ubuntu2404:~# apt-cache madison apache2apache2 | 2.4.58-1ubuntu8.8 | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 Packagesapache2 | 2.4.58-1ubuntu8.8 | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu noble-security/main amd64 Packagesapache2 | 2.4.58-1ubuntu8 | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 Packagesroot@ubuntu2404:~# apt install -y apache2root@ubuntu2404:~# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now apache2root@ubuntu2404:~# ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      511                *:80              *:*          root@ubuntu2404:~# apache2 -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.58 (Ubuntu)
Server built:   2025-08-11T11:10:09

2.2.3 SUSE资源库安装Apache2

在openSUSE上安装apache2：

opensuse15:~ # zypper search "apache2"
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...S | Name                                | Summary                                                    | Type
--+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------| apache2                             | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package| apache2                             | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage| apache2-devel                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package| apache2-devel                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage| apache2-event                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package| apache2-event                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage| apache2-icons-oxygen                | Oxygen icons for Apache 2                                  | package| apache2-manual                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package| apache2-manual                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage| apache2-mod_apparmor                | AppArmor module for apache2                                | package| apache2-mod_auth_gssapi             | GSSAPI Module for Apache                                   | package| apache2-mod_auth_kerb               | Kerberos Module for Apache                                 | package| apache2-mod_auth_mellon             | A SAML 2.0 authentication module for the Apache Server     | package| apache2-mod_auth_mellon-diagnostics | Build of mod_auth_mellon with diagnostic logging           | package| apache2-mod_auth_mellon-doc         | Documentation for mod_auth_mellon module                   | package| apache2-mod_auth_openidc            | Apache2.x module for an OpenID Connect enabled Identity -> | package| apache2-mod_auth_openidc            | Apache2.x module for an OpenID Connect enabled Identity -> | srcpackage| apache2-mod_authn_otp               | Apache module for one-time password authentication         | package| apache2-mod_dnssd                   | Apache2 module for Zeroconf support via DNS-SD             | package| apache2-mod_encoding                | Non-ASCII filename interoperability module for the Apach-> | package| apache2-mod_evasive                 | Denial of Service evasion module for Apache                | package| apache2-mod_fcgid                   | Alternative FastCGI module for Apache2                     | package| apache2-mod_jk                      | Connectors between Apache and Tomcat Servlet Container     | package| apache2-mod_jk                      | Connectors between Apache and Tomcat Servlet Container     | srcpackage| apache2-mod_maxminddb               | MaxMind DB Apache Module                                   | package| apache2-mod_mono                    | Run ASP.NET Pages on Unix with Apache and Mono             | package| apache2-mod_nss                     | SSL/TLS module for the Apache HTTP server                  | package| apache2-mod_perl                    | Embedded Perl for Apache                                   | package| apache2-mod_perl-devel              | Embedded Perl for Apache - Development package             | package| apache2-mod_php7                    | PHP7 module for the Apache 2.x webserver                   | package| apache2-mod_php7                    | PHP7 module for the Apache 2.x webserver                   | srcpackage| apache2-mod_php8                    | PHP module for the Apache 2.x webserver                    | package| apache2-mod_php8                    | PHP module for the Apache 2.x webserver                    | srcpackage| apache2-mod_security2               | Web Application Firewall for apache httpd                  | package| apache2-mod_security2               | Web Application Firewall for apache httpd                  | srcpackage| apache2-mod_uwsgi                   | uWSGI Module for Apache 2.0                                | package| apache2-mod_wsgi                    | A WSGI interface for Python3 web applications in Apache    | package| apache2-mod_wsgi-python3            | A WSGI interface for Python3 web applications in Apache    | package| apache2-prefork                     | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package| apache2-prefork                     | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage| apache2-utils                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package| apache2-utils                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage| apache2-worker                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package| apache2-worker                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage| dehydrated-apache2                  | Apache Integration for dehydrated                          | package| owasp-modsecurity-crs-apache2       | OWASP ModSecurity Common Rule Set (CRS)                    | package| perl-Apache2-AuthCookieDBI          | An AuthCookie module backed by a DBI database              | package| rubygem-passenger-apache2           | Passenger apache module                                    | packageopensuse15:~ # zypper info apache2
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...Information for package apache2:
--------------------------------
Repository     : Update repository with updates from SUSE Linux Enterprise 15
Name           : apache2
Version        : 2.4.58-150600.5.35.1
Arch           : x86_64
Vendor         : SUSE LLC <https://www.suse.com/>
Installed Size : 1.4 MiB
Installed      : No
Status         : not installed
Source package : apache2-2.4.58-150600.5.35.1.src
Upstream URL   : https://httpd.apache.org/
Summary        : The Apache HTTPD Server
Description    : The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort to develop andmaintain an open-source HTTP server for modern operatingsystems including UNIX and Windows. The goal of this projectis to provide a secure, efficient and extensible server thatprovides HTTP services in sync with the current HTTP standards.opensuse15:~ # zypper install -y apache2opensuse15:~ # systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now apache2opensuse15:~ # ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      4096               *:80              *:*          opensuse15:~ # httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.58 (Linux/SUSE)
Server built:   2025-07-21 02:11:38.000000000 +0000

2.3 源码编译安装

2.3.1 下载并解压缩源码包

httpd源码包下载，去“https://httpd.apache.org”网站下载，选择“Download”，如图2所示。

图2 下载Apache源码包

选择“Source: httpd-2.4.65.tar.gz“，如图3所示。

图3 下载Apache源码包

cd /usr/local/src/# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tarwget https://dlcdn.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.65.tar.gztar xf httpd-2.4.65.tar.gz

2.3.2 源码编译安装

编译安装参数解释：

./configure # 准备httpd的编译环境
--prefix # 指定httpd安装目录
--enable-so # 启用 DSO（Dynamic Shared Objects）支持 ，即：开启动态模块加载功能。
--enable-ssl # 启用 Apache 的 SSL 模块（ mod_ssl ），使其支持 HTTPS。
--enable-cgi # 该参数会启用 Apache 对 CGI 脚本 的支持，使得服务器可以运行如  .cgi 、 .pl 、 .py  等脚本文件，从而生成动态网页内容。
--enable-rewrite # 启用 mod_rewrite 模块，支持 URL 重写
--with-zlib # 启用 zlib 支持，用于压缩传输内容
--with-pcre # 用于指定 PCRE（Perl Compatible Regular Expressions）库的安装路径。PCRE 是 Apache 用于支持正则表达式的核心依赖，尤其是  mod_rewrite  等模块。
--with-included-apr # 使用 httpd 自带的 APR 和 APR-Util，适合避免系统依赖问题 --enable-modules # 控制哪些模块被静态编译进主程序（即不能动态加载）。
# all ：启用所有模块（静态方式），体积大，灵活性差。
# most ：启用大多数常用模块（静态方式），是折中选择。--enable-mpms-shared # 用于控制 MPM（Multi-Processing Module，多处理模块）是否以动态共享模块（DSO）方式构建。 
# --enable-mpms-shared=all，将所有平台支持的 MPM 模块都编译为共享模块，即  event 、 worker 、prefork  等都会被编译成  .so  文件，供运行时动态加载。
# --enable-mpms-shared=event worker，仅将指定的 MPM 编译为共享模块，多个模块用空格分隔。 
# 默认行为（不加此参数） ，MPM 会被静态编译进主程序，无法通过配置文件切换，必须重新编译才能更换 MPM。--with-mpm # 用于指定默认使用的 MPM（Multi-Processing Module，多路处理模块）。这个参数决定了 Apache 的并发处理模型，对性能和资源使用有直接影响。
# prefork，多进程模型，每个进程处理一个请求，稳定性高，兼容性最好；适合低并发、需要兼容非线程安全模块（如 mod_php） 
# worker ，多进程 + 多线程混合模型，资源占用更少，并发能力更强；适合中高并发，线程安全模块
# event，类似 worker，但对 Keep-alive 连接做了优化，性能更好 ；高并发、静态资源为主，Apache 2.4+ 推荐

2.3.2.1 Rocky 9/10、AlmaLinux 9/10、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 9/10、openEuler 24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9、Kylin Server V11

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

yum install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/# 提示，没有pcre

安装pcre2-devel包：

yum install -y  pcre2-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装openssl-devel包：

yum install -y openssl-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:Server Version: 2.4.65Install prefix: /apps/httpdC compiler:     gccCFLAGS:          -g -O2  CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  LDFLAGS:           LIBS:             C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件35 | #include <expat.h>|          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装expat-devel包：

yum install -y expat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util# 安装依赖包
yum install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel expat-devel# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.2 Rocky 8、AlmaLinux 8、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server V10

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util并解压，复制到相应目录：

cd ..wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

yum install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/# 提示，没有pcre

安装pcre2-devel包：

yum install -y  pcre2-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装openssl-devel包：

yum install -y openssl-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:Server Version: 2.4.65Install prefix: /apps/httpdC compiler:     gccCFLAGS:          -g -O2  CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  LDFLAGS:           LIBS:             C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

yum install -y makemake -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件35 | #include <expat.h>|          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装expat-devel包：

yum install -y expat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util# 安装依赖包
yum install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make expat-devel# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.3 UOS Server V20

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:Server Version: 2.4.65Install prefix: /apps/httpdC compiler:     gccCFLAGS:          -g -O2 -pthread  CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  LDFLAGS:           LIBS:             C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件35 | #include <expat.h>|          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装expat-devel包：

yum install -y expat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util# 安装依赖包
yum install -y expat-devel# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.4 openSUSE Leap 15

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

zypper install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/# 提示，没有pcre

安装pcre2-devel包：

zypper install -y  pcre2-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装openssl-devel包：

zypper install -y openssl-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:Server Version: 2.4.65Install prefix: /apps/httpdC compiler:     gccCFLAGS:          -g -O2  CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  LDFLAGS:           LIBS:             C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

zypper install -y makemake -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件35 | #include <expat.h>|          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装libexpat-devel包：

zypper install -y libexpat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util# 安装依赖包
zypper install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make libexpat-devel# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.5 Ubuntu Server 18.04/20.04/22.04/24.04 LTS、Debian 11/12/13

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

apt install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/# 提示，没有pcre

安装libpcre2-dev包：

apt install -y libpcre2-dev

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装libssl-dev包：

apt install -y libssl-dev

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:Server Version: 2.4.65Install prefix: /apps/httpdC compiler:     gccCFLAGS:          -g -O2  CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  LDFLAGS:           LIBS:             C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

apt install -y makemake -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件35 | #include <expat.h>|          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装libexpat1-dev包：

apt install -y libexpat1-dev

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gztar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gzmv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util# 安装依赖包
apt install -y gcc libpcre2-dev libssl-dev make libexpat1-dev# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.3 创建用户和组

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、UOS Server、Ubuntu、Debian
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r apache# openSUSE
groupadd -r apache
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g apache apache

2.3.4 指定运行httpd的用户

sed -i 's/daemon/apache/' /apps/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

2.3.5 设置环境变量

echo "PATH=/apps/httpd/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

2.3.6 准备启动脚本并启动服务

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、UOS Server、openSUSE
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF# Ubuntu和Debian
cat > /lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOFsystemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now httpd

2.3.7 验证Httpd

[root@rocky10 httpd-2.4.65]# ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      511                *:80              *:* [root@rocky10 httpd-2.4.65]# httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.65 (Unix)
Server built:   Sep 23 2025 17:37:36

2.3.8 一键安装Httpd源码编译的脚本

Shell脚本源码地址：

Gitee：https://gitee.com/raymond9/shell

Github：https://github.com/raymond999999/shell

可以去上面的Gitee或Github代码仓库拉取脚本。

[root@rocky10 ~]# cat install_httpd_source.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
#**********************************************************************************
#Author:        Raymond
#QQ:            88563128
#MP:            Raymond运维
#Date:          2025-09-24
#FileName:      install_httpd_source.sh
#URL:           https://wx.zsxq.com/group/15555885545422
#Description:   The mysql source script install supports 
#               “Rocky Linux 8, 9 and 10, AlmaLinux 8, 9 and 10, CentOS 7, 
#               CentOS Stream 8, 9 and 10, openEuler 22.03 and 24.03 LTS, 
#               AnolisOS 8 and 23, OpenCloudOS 8 and 9, Kylin Server v10 and v11, 
#               UOS Server v20, Ubuntu Server 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 and 24.04 LTS,  
#               Debian 11 , 12 and 13, openSUSE Leap 15“ operating systems.
#Copyright (C): 2025 All rights reserved
#**********************************************************************************
COLOR="echo -e \\033[01;31m"
END='\033[0m'os(){. /etc/os-releaseMAIN_NAME=`sed -rn '/^NAME=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+).*"$@\1@p' /etc/os-release`if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];thenMAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+)(.*)"$@\2@p' /etc/os-release`elseMAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="?([0-9]+)\.?.*"?@\1@p' /etc/os-release`fiif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];thenFULL_NAME="${PRETTY_NAME}"elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];thenFULL_NAME="${NAME}"elseFULL_NAME="${NAME} ${VERSION_ID}"fi
}os
SRC_DIR=/usr/local/src
INSTALL_DIR=/apps/httpd
APR_URL=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/
APR_FILE=apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
APR_UTIL_URL=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/
APR_UTIL_FILE=apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz
HTTPD_URL=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/httpd/
HTTPD_FILE=httpd-2.4.65.tar.gz
MPM=eventcheck_file(){cd  ${SRC_DIR}if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];thenrpm -q wget &> /dev/null || { ${COLOR}"安装wget工具，请稍等......"${END};yum -y install wget &> /dev/null; }fiif [ ! -e ${APR_FILE} ];then${COLOR}"缺少${APR_FILE}文件！"${END}${COLOR}"开始下载${APR_FILE}源码包......"${END}wget ${APR_URL}${APR_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"下载${APR_FILE}源码包下载失败！"${END}; exit; }else${COLOR}"${APR_FILE}文件已准备好！"${END}fiif [ ! -e ${APR_UTIL_FILE} ];then${COLOR}"缺少${APR_UTIL_FILE}文件！"${END}${COLOR}"开始下载${APR_UTIL_FILE}源码包......"${END}wget ${APR_UTIL_URL}${APR_UTIL_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"下载${APR_UTIL_FILE}源码包下载失败！"${END}; exit; }else${COLOR}"${APR_UTIL_FILE}文件已准备好！"${END}fiif [ ! -e ${HTTPD_FILE} ];then${COLOR}"缺少${HTTPD_FILE}文件！"${END}${COLOR}"开始下载${HTTPD_FILE}源码包......"${END} wget ${HTTPD_URL}${HTTPD_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"下载${HTTPD_FILE}源码包下载失败！"${END}; exit; }else${COLOR}"${HTTPD_FILE}文件已准备好！"${END}fi
}install_httpd(){[ -d ${INSTALL_DIR} ] && { ${COLOR}"Httpd已存在，安装失败！"${END};exit; }${COLOR}"开始安装Httpd......"${END}${COLOR}"开始安装Httpd依赖包，请稍等......"${END}if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];thenzypper install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make libexpat-devel &> /dev/nullelif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];thenapt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y gcc libpcre2-dev libssl-dev make libexpat1-develseyum install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make expat-devel &> /dev/nullfiif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];thenyum install -y tar &> /dev/nullfifiif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];thenyum install -y tar &> /dev/nullfifiif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];thenyum install -y tar &> /dev/nullfifitar xf ${APR_FILE} && tar xf ${APR_UTIL_FILE} && tar xf ${HTTPD_FILE}APR_FILE_DIR=`echo ${APR_FILE}_| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`APR_UTIL_FILE_DIR=`echo ${APR_UTIL_FILE}_| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`HTTPD_FILE_DIR=`echo ${HTTPD_FILE}_| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`mv ${APR_FILE_DIR} ${HTTPD_FILE_DIR}/srclib/aprmv ${APR_UTIL_FILE_DIR} ${HTTPD_FILE_DIR}/srclib/apr-utilcd ${HTTPD_FILE_DIR}./configure --prefix=${INSTALL_DIR} --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=${MPM}make -j $(nproc) && make install[ $? -eq 0 ] && $COLOR"Httpd编译安装成功！"$END ||  { $COLOR"Httpd编译安装失败,退出!"$END;exit; }if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];thenid apache &> /dev/null || { groupadd -r apache && useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g apache apache; ${COLOR}"成功创建apache用户!"${END}; }elseid apache &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r apache ; ${COLOR}"成功创建apache用户！"${END}; }fised -i 's/daemon/apache/' ${INSTALL_DIR}/conf/httpd.confecho "PATH=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh. /etc/profile.d/httpd.shif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];thencat > /lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOFelsecat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOFfisystemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now httpd &> /dev/nullsystemctl is-active httpd &> /dev/null ||  { ${COLOR}"Httpd启动失败,退出!"${END} ; exit; }${COLOR}"${FULL_NAME}操作系统，Httpd安装完成！"${END}
}main(){check_fileinstall_httpd
}if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 7 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == 'OpenCloudOS' ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 11 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 20 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 15 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 18 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 20 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];thenmainfi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == 'Debian' ];thenif [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 11 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 12 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 13 ];thenmainfi
else${COLOR}"此脚本不支持${FULL_NAME}操作系统！"${END}
fi