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一直学习理论怎么能不做练习呢？下面我将出几个编程题来巩固编程。

练习1：

新建三个线程，使用并发编程，同时计算三个线程的数并且输出计算的过程，线程1计算从1加到100，线程2计算50的阶乘，线程三计算根号三并且输出小数点后十位。

答案

import com.google.common.util.concurrent.*;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.math.MathContext;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;public class MultiThreadCalculator {// 创建监听线程池private static final ListeningExecutorService executor = MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3));public static void main(String[] args) {// 启动三个计算任务ListenableFuture<?> additionFuture = executor.submit(new AdditionTask());ListenableFuture<?> multiplicationFuture = executor.submit(new MultiplicationTask());ListenableFuture<?> sqrtFuture = executor.submit(new SquareRootTask());// 添加回调处理异常Futures.addCallback(additionFuture, new LoggingCallback(), executor);Futures.addCallback(multiplicationFuture, new LoggingCallback(), executor);Futures.addCallback(sqrtFuture, new LoggingCallback(), executor);// 等待所有任务完成ListenableFuture<?> allFutures = Futures.allAsList(additionFuture, multiplicationFuture, sqrtFuture);try {allFutures.get();System.out.println("\n所有计算任务完成！");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {executor.shutdown();}}// 加法任务：计算1加到100static class AdditionTask implements Runnable {@Overridepublic void run() {int sum = 0;for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {sum += i;System.out.println("[加法线程] 添加 " + i + " → 当前总和: " + sum);Uninterruptibles.sleepUninterruptibly(50, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);}System.out.println("\n[加法线程] 最终结果: 1到100的和 = " + sum);}}// 乘法任务：计算2乘到50（使用BigInteger避免溢出）static class MultiplicationTask implements Runnable {@Overridepublic void run() {BigInteger product = BigInteger.ONE;for (int i = 2; i <= 50; i++) {product = product.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(i));System.out.println("[乘法线程] 乘以 " + i + " → 当前乘积: " + product);Uninterruptibles.sleepUninterruptibly(70, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);}System.out.println("\n[乘法线程] 最终结果: 2到50的乘积 = " + product);}}// 开方任务：计算√3的小数点后10位数字static class SquareRootTask implements Runnable {@Overridepublic void run() {// 计算√3到小数点后20位精度BigDecimal sqrt3 = BigDecimal.valueOf(3).sqrt(new MathContext(20));String decimalPart = sqrt3.toString().split("\\.")[1];System.out.println("[开方线程] √3 完整值: " + sqrt3);// 输出小数点后10位数字for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {if (i < decimalPart.length()) {char digit = decimalPart.charAt(i);System.out.println("[开方线程] 小数点后第" + (i+1) + "位: " + digit);} else {System.out.println("[开方线程] 小数点后第" + (i+1) + "位: 0");}Uninterruptibles.sleepUninterruptibly(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);}// 只输出前10位小数String result = decimalPart.length() >= 10 ? decimalPart.substring(0, 10) : decimalPart;System.out.println("\n[开方线程] 最终结果: √3 ≈ " + result);}}// 通用回调处理static class LoggingCallback implements FutureCallback<Object> {@Overridepublic void onSuccess(Object result) {// 任务成功完成，无需特别处理}@Overridepublic void onFailure(Throwable t) {System.err.println("任务失败: " + t.getMessage());t.printStackTrace();}}
}

练习2

和练习1一样，对线程的执行顺序有要求，要求线程1执行一半时执行线程2，线程2执行一半时执行线程3，等待线程3执行完毕后再执行线程2，线程2执行完毕后执行线程1，要求分清不同线程的执行过程

答案：

package org.example;import com.google.common.util.concurrent.*;import java.math.BigDecimal;