2.配置DNS服务器过程

2.配置DNS服务器过程

1.安装软件包

[root@server ~ 19:19:54]# yum install -y bind bind-utils

2.修改配置文件

[root@server ~ 19:37:58]# vim /etc/named.conf 

3.在 /var/named 目录中创建文件 wsc.cloud.zone

[root@server ~ 19:44:05]# cd /var/named/
[root@server named 19:44:17]# cp -a named.localhost laoma.cloud.zone
[root@server named 19:44:29]# vim wsc.cloud.zone
#环境配置
$TTL 3600
@              IN SOA dns.wsc.cloud. admin.wsc.cloud. (42 ; serial3H ; secondary refresh15M ; secondary retry1W ; secondary timeout15M ; minimum cache TTL for negative answers
)IN NS dns.wsc.clound.
dns            IN A 10.1.8.10
server         IN A 10.1.8.10
student        IN CNAME client.wsc.cloud.
client         IN A 10.1.8.11
www         30 IN A 10.1.8.200
@              IN MX 10 mail.wsc.cloud.
mail           IN A 10.1.8.253

4.在 /var/named 目录中创建文件 10.1.8.zone

[root@server named 19:48:22]# cp -a named.loopback 10.1.8.zone
cp：是否覆盖"10.1.8.zone"？ y
[root@server named 19:48:49]# vim 10.1.8.zone
#环境配置
$TTL 3600
@              IN SOA dns.wsc.cloud. admin.wsc.cloud. (42 ; serial3H ; secondary refresh15M ; secondary retry1W ; secondary timeout15M ; minimum cache TTL for negative answers
)IN NS dns.wsc.cloud.
10             IN PTR server.wsc.cloud.
10             IN PTR dns.wsc.cloud.
11             IN PTR client.wsc.cloud.
11             IN PTR student.wsc.cloud.
200            IN PTR www.wsc.cloud.
253            IN PTR mail.wsc.cloud.

5.验证配置

[root@server named 19:52:25]# named-checkconf 
[root@server named 19:52:41]# named-checkzone wsc.cloud /var/named/ws

6.启动服务

[root@server named 19:53:22]# systemctl enable named --now
[root@server named 19:54:09]# systemctl status named
● named.service - Berkeley Internet Name Domain (DNS)Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/named.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since 四 2025-09-25 16:58:48 CST; 2h 55min agoMain PID: 12714 (named)CGroup: /system.slice/named.service└─12714 /usr/sbin/named -u named -c /etc/named.conf9月 25 16:58:49 server named[12714]: resolver priming query complete
9月 25 16:58:49 server named[12714]: checkhints: b.root-servers....s
9月 25 16:58:49 server named[12714]: checkhints: b.root-servers....s
9月 25 16:58:49 server named[12714]: checkhints: b.root-servers....s
9月 25 16:58:49 server named[12714]: checkhints: b.root-servers....s
9月 25 16:59:51 server named[12714]: network unreachable resolvi...3
9月 25 16:59:51 server named[12714]: network unreachable resolvi...3
9月 25 16:59:51 server named[12714]: network unreachable resolvi...3
9月 25 16:59:51 server named[12714]: network unreachable resolvi...3
9月 25 17:01:34 server named[12714]: network unreachable resolvi...3
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

7.配置客户端dns为10.1.8.10

[root@server named 19:54:22]#  nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.dns 10.1.8.10
[root@server named 19:55:16]# nmcli connection up ens33 
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6）

8.确保客户端/etc/hosts 只有localhost记录

[root@client ~ 19:11:51]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6#10.1.8.10 server.wsc.cloud server webapp.wsc.cloud webapp
#10.1.8.11 client.wsc.cloud client backup.wsc.cloud backup

9.使用 getent 尝试解析相关域名

[root@client ~ 19:56:15]# getent hosts student
10.1.8.11       client.wsc.cloud student.wsc.cloud[root@client ~ 19:57:35]# getent hosts dns
10.1.8.10       dns.wsc.cloud[root@client ~ 19:57:44]# getent hosts www
10.1.8.200      www.wsc.cloud

10使用 dig 尝试解析

[root@client ~ 19:57:49]# yum install -y bind-utils[root@client ~ 19:59:11]# dig @10.1.8.10 server.wsc.cloud; <<>> DiG 9.11.4-P2-RedHat-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 <<>> @10.1.8.10 server.wsc.cloud
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18939
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;server.wsc.cloud.		IN	A;; ANSWER SECTION:
server.wsc.cloud.	3600	IN	A	10.1.8.10;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
wsc.cloud.		3600	IN	NS	dns.wsc.clound.;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 10.1.8.10#53(10.1.8.10)
;; WHEN: 四 9月 25 19:59:55 CST 2025
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 89

TION:
wsc.cloud. 3600 IN NS dns.wsc.clound.

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 10.1.8.10#53(10.1.8.10)
;; WHEN: 四 9月 25 19:59:55 CST 2025
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 89