Web基础学习笔记01

BS架构 CS架构

简单的springboot入门小程序

package cc.feitwnd;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController//表示当前类是一个请求处理类
public class HelloController {@RequestMapping("/hello")public String hello(String name){System.out.println(name);return "Hello"+ name+"!";}
}

HTTP协议

HTTP协议-请求数据的格式

简单的获取请求数据的样例代码

package cc.feitwnd;import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class RequestController {@RequestMapping("/request")public String request(HttpServletRequest request) {//1.获取请求方式String method = request.getMethod();System.out.println("请求方式："+method);//2.获取请求url地址String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();System.out.println("请求url地址："+url);//资源返回路径String uri = request.getRequestURI();System.out.println("请求资源返回路径"+uri);//3.获取请求协议String protocol = request.getProtocol();System.out.println("请求协议："+protocol);//4.获取请求参数 -nameString name = request.getParameter("name");System.out.println("请求参数：" +name);String age = request.getParameter("age");System.out.println("请求参数：" +age);//5.获取请求头String accept = request.getHeader("Accept");System.out.println("请求头："+accept);return "OK";}
}

HTTP协议-响应数据格式

响应数据设置

样例代码

package cc.feitwnd;import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.io.IOException;@RestController
public class ResponseController {@RequestMapping("/response")public  void response(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {//1.设置响应状态码response.setStatus(401);//2.设置响应头response.setHeader("name","feitwnd");//3.设置响应体response.getWriter().write("<h1>Hello response!</h1>");}@RequestMapping("/response2")public ResponseEntity<String> response2(){return ResponseEntity.status(200).header("name","feitwnd").body("<h1>Hello response2!</h1>");}
}