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使用Spring Data Elasticsearch 进行索引的增、删、改、查

news 来源：原创 2025/5/3 17:16:34

一 Spring Data Elasticsearch 项目环境搭建

1.1 修改pom文件添加依赖

目前使用spring-boot-starter-parent版本为2.2.8.RELEASE

对应spring-data-elasticsearch版本为2.2.8.RELEASE，版本对应可以自行百度，如果不行直接用elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client工具类吧

      <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.5.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.5.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.5.0</version>
        </dependency>

1.2 新建配置文件

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * ES配置类
 *
 * @author lc
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/3/25 10:53
 */
@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchClientConfig {


    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient() {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("192.168.1.100", 9200, "http")));
        return client;
    }
}

二 ElasticsearchTemplate的使用

2.1 创建实体类

@Document指定实体类和索引对应关系

    indexName：索引名称

    type: 索引类型（从ES 7.0 开始已经过时了）

    shards: 主分片数量。从ES 7开始默认1

    replicas：复制分片数量。从ES 7开始默认1

@Id 指定主键

@Field指定普通属性

    type： 对应Elasticsearch中属性类型。使用FiledType枚举可以快速获取。

    text类型能被分词

    keywords不能被分词

    index： 是否创建索引。作为搜索条件时index必须为true

    analyzer：指定分词器类型。

@Data
@Document(indexName = "student_index",shards = 1,replicas = 1)
public class Student {

    @Id
    private String id;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
    private String name;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text,analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    private String desc;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text,analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    private String data;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Integer)
    private Integer age;
}

2.2 初始化索引

    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;
    @Test
    void createIndex() {
        // 从 spring data es 4.0开始所有索引操作都在这个接口
        IndexOperations indexOperations = elasticsearchRestTemplate.indexOps(Student.class);
        // 是否存在，存在则删除
        if(indexOperations.exists()){
            indexOperations.delete();
        }
        // 创建索引
        indexOperations.create();
        // createMapping 根据实体类获取映射关系
        // putMapping 把映射关系添加到索引中
        Document mapping = indexOperations.createMapping(Student.class);
        indexOperations.putMapping(mapping);
    }

2.3 删除索引

    /**
     * 删除索引
     */
    @Test
    void deleteIndex() {
        IndexOperations indexOperations = elasticsearchRestTemplate.indexOps(Student.class);
        boolean delete = indexOperations.delete();
        System.out.println(delete);
    }

2.4 新增文档

新增单个文档

    /**
     * 新增单个文档
     */
    @Test
    void insert(){
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setAge(23);
        student.setData("123");
        student.setDesc("华为手机");
        student.setId("1");
        student.setName("张三");
        Student save = elasticsearchRestTemplate.save(student);
        System.out.println(save);
    }

批量新增

    /**
     * 批量新增
     */
    @Test
    void batchInsert(){
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new Student("2","李四","苹果手机","1",22));
        list.add(new Student("3","王五","oppo手机","2",24));
        list.add(new Student("4","赵六","voio手机","3",25));
        list.add(new Student("5","田七","小米手机","4",26));
        Iterable<Student> result = elasticsearchRestTemplate.save(list);
        System.out.println(result);
    }

2.5 删除操作

根据主键删除

     /**
     * 根据主键删除
     */
    @Test
    void  deleteById() {
        // 根据id删除
        String delete = elasticsearchRestTemplate.delete("5", Student.class);
        System.out.println(delete);
    }

根据条件删除

   /**
     * 根据查询条件删除
     */
    @Test
    void  delete() {
        QueryStringQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("张三");
        Query query = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
        ByQueryResponse QueryDelete = elasticsearchRestTemplate.delete(query, Student.class);
        System.out.println(QueryDelete);
    }

2.6 修改操作

全量替换

   /**
     * 批量修改
     */
    @Test
    void update(){
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId("1");
        student.setAge(23);
        student.setData("99");
        student.setDesc("华为手机AND苹果手机");
        student.setName("张三");
        Student save = elasticsearchRestTemplate.save(student);
        System.out.println(save);
    }

部分修改

    /**
     * 部分修改
     */
    @Test
    void update2(){
        // ctx._source 固定写法
        String script = "ctx._source.age = 27;ctx._source.desc = 'oppo手机and苹果电脑'";
        UpdateQuery build = UpdateQuery.builder("3").withScript(script).build();
        IndexCoordinates indexCoordinates = IndexCoordinates.of("student_index");
        UpdateResponse update = elasticsearchRestTemplate.update(build, indexCoordinates);
        System.out.println(update.getResult());
    }

2.7 查询操作

根据主键查询

     /**
     * 根据主键查查询
     */
    @Test
    void  searchById(){
        Student student = elasticsearchRestTemplate.get("3", Student.class);
        System.out.println(student);
    }

模糊查询

    /**
     * 模糊查询
     */
    @Test
    void LikeSearch(){
        QueryStringQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("手机");
        Query query = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
        SearchHits<Student> search = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(query, Student.class);
        List<SearchHit<Student>> searchHits = search.getSearchHits();
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        searchHits.forEach(sh->{
            list.add(sh.getContent());
        });
        System.out.println(list);
    }

使用match_all查询所有文档

    /**
     * 使用match_all查询所有文档
     */
    @Test
    void matchAllSearch(){
        MatchAllQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();
        Query query = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
        SearchHits<Student> search = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(query, Student.class);
        List<SearchHit<Student>> searchHits = search.getSearchHits();
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        searchHits.forEach(sh->{
            list.add(sh.getContent());
        });
        System.out.println(list);
    }

使用match查询文档

     /**
     * 使用match查询文档
     */
    @Test
    void matchSearch(){
        Query query = new NativeSearchQuery( QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name","张三"));
        SearchHits<Student> search = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(query, Student.class);
        List<SearchHit<Student>> searchHits = search.getSearchHits();
        System.out.println(search.getTotalHits());
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        searchHits.forEach(sh->{
            list.add(sh.getContent());
        });
        System.out.println(list);
    }

使用match_phrase查询文档

     /**
     * 使用match_phrase查询文档
     * 短语搜索是对条件不分词，但是文档中属性根据配置实体类时指定的分词类型进行分词。
     * 如果属性使用ik分词器，从分词后的索引数据中进行匹配。
     */
    @Test
    void matchPhraseSearch(){
        Query query = new NativeSearchQuery( QueryBuilders.matchPhraseQuery("desc","电脑"));
        SearchHits<Student> search = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(query, Student.class);
        List<SearchHit<Student>> searchHits = search.getSearchHits();
        System.out.println(search.getTotalHits());
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        searchHits.forEach(sh->{
            list.add(sh.getContent());
        });
        System.out.println(list);
    }

使用range查询文档

    /**
     * 使用range查询文档
     */
    @Test
    void rangeSearch(){
        Query query = new NativeSearchQuery( QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte("24").lte(29));
        SearchHits<Student> search = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(query, Student.class);
        List<SearchHit<Student>> searchHits = search.getSearchHits();
        System.out.println(search.getTotalHits());
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        searchHits.forEach(sh->{
            list.add(sh.getContent());
        });
        System.out.println(list);
    }

多条件查询

    /**
     *  多条件查询
     */
    @Test
    void querysSearch(){
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        List<QueryBuilder> listQuery = new ArrayList<>();
        listQuery.add(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name","张三"));
        listQuery.add(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age","23"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must().addAll(listQuery);// 逻辑 与
//        boolQueryBuilder.should().addAll(listQuery);// 逻辑 或
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder2 = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        List<QueryBuilder> listQuery2 = new ArrayList<>();
        listQuery2.add(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name","李四"));
        listQuery2.add(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age","22"));
        boolQueryBuilder2.must().addAll(listQuery2);// 逻辑 与

        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder3 = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        List<QueryBuilder> listQuery3 = new ArrayList<>();
        listQuery3.add(boolQueryBuilder);
        listQuery3.add(boolQueryBuilder2);
        boolQueryBuilder3.should().addAll(listQuery3);// 逻辑 或
        boolQueryBuilder3.must().addAll(listQuery3);// 逻辑 与
        NativeSearchQuery nativeSearchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(boolQueryBuilder3);
        SearchHits<Student> search = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(nativeSearchQuery, Student.class);
        List<SearchHit<Student>> searchHits = search.getSearchHits();
        System.out.println(search.getTotalHits());
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        searchHits.forEach(sh->{
            list.add(sh.getContent());
        });
        System.out.println(list);
    }

分页与排序

    /**
     * 分页查询
     */
    @Test
    void pageSearch(){
        Query query = new NativeSearchQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        // 排序
        query.addSort(Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC,"age"));
        // 分页
        query.setPageable(PageRequest.of(1,2));
        SearchHits<Student> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(query, Student.class);
        System.out.println(searchHits.getTotalHits());
        List<SearchHit<Student>> hitList = searchHits.getSearchHits();
        List<Student> listResult = new ArrayList<>();
        hitList.forEach(list->{
            listResult.add(list.getContent());
        });
        System.out.println(listResult);
    }