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静态路由扩展实验

news 2025/7/10 11:32:19

IP划分

拓扑图（IP划分）

题目要求

1.除R5的环回地址固定外，整个其他所有的网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理的IP地址划分
2.R1-R4每天路由器存在两个环回接口，用于模拟连接PC的网段；地址也在192.168.1.0/24这个网络范围内
3.R1-R4上不能直接编写到达5.5.5.5/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问
4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器，路由表条目的数量，避免环路出现
5.R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M

实验步骤

配置IP

R1

[R1]int LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip  add 192.168.1.33 28	
[R1-LoopBack1]int loopback 2
[R1-LoopBack2]ip add 192.168.1.49 28
[R1-LoopBack2]int e0/0/0
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]int e0/0/1
[R1-Ethernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30

R2

[R2]int LoopBack 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack1]int loopback 2
[R2-LoopBack2]ip add 192.168.1.81 28
[R2-LoopBack2]int e0/0/0
[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]int e0/0/1
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30

R3

[R3]int LoopBack 1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
[R3-LoopBack1]int loopback 2
[R3-LoopBack2]ip add 192.168.1.113 28
[R3-LoopBack2]int e0/0/0
[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]int e0/00/1
[R3-Ethernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30

R4

[R4]int LoopBack 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack1]int loopback 2
[R4-LoopBack2]ip add 192.168.1.145 28
[R4-LoopBack2]int e0/00/0
[R4-Ethernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
[R4-Ethernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int e0/0/1
[R4-Ethernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-Ethernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30

R5

[R5]int LoopBack 1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 5.5.5.5 24
[R5-LoopBack1]int e0/0/0
[R5-Ethernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-Ethernet0/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.22 30

配置静态路由全网可达

R1

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip  route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

R2

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

R3

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

R4

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.8
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.8
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.8
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

R5

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21

测试（这里我只放了一个最远距离，不放心可以自己多找几个IP测试）

R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M（设置优先级）

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17 pr 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17 pr 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17 pr 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17 pr 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17 pr 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17 pr 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17 pr 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17 pr 61

R1-R4上不能直接编写到达5.5.5.5/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问（配置缺省路由）

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.6[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.10[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.14[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.22

测试（依旧可以每个接口测试）

防止环路，配置空接口

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0