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【RTSP从零实践】3、实现最简单的传输H264的RTSP服务器

news 2025/7/1 8:53:33

😁博客主页😁：🚀https://blog.csdn.net/wkd_007🚀
🤑博客内容🤑：🍭嵌入式开发、Linux、C语言、C++、数据结构、音视频🍭
🤣本文内容🤣：🍭介绍怎么实现最简单的传输H264的RTSP服务器🍭
😎金句分享😎：🍭你不能选择最好的，但最好的会来选择你——泰戈尔🍭
⏰发布时间⏰： 2025-06-30

本文未经允许，不得转发！！！

目录

  • 🎄一、概述
  • 🎄二、实现步骤、实现细节
    • ✨2.1、使用RTSP服务的TCP套接字并监听
    • ✨2.2、接收客户端请求并处理RTSP命令
    • ✨2.3、读取H264并发送
  • 🎄三、传输H264的RTSP服务器的实现源码
  • 🎄四、总结

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🎄一、概述

前面文章介绍了怎么实现RTSP协议、RTP协议：
【RTSP从零实践】1、根据RTSP协议实现一个RTSP服务
【RTSP从零实践】2、使用RTP协议封装并传输H264

这篇文章主要就是介绍怎么通过RTSP协议通信，将H264视频数据封装成RTP包并发送的，目的是写一个最简单的RTSP服务器，熟悉RTSP协议处理、RTP协议封包。

包含了下面知识点：
1、RTSP协议的内容；
2、实现TCP协议实现RTSP；
3、RTP协议；
4、怎么实现RTP协议；

这些知识点都可以从上面 【RTSP从零实践】系列文章学习到，这篇文章不再赘述，只介绍步骤和代码。

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🎄二、实现步骤、实现细节

这个小写介绍怎么实现的步骤、细节，下个小节会提供源码，可以结合着源码看帮助理解消化。

✨2.1、使用RTSP服务的TCP套接字并监听

RTSP协议是基于TCP作为传输层协议去实现的。

// 创建套接字
if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0)
{perror("socket failed");return -1;
}// 设置套接字选项
if (setsockopt(server_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt)))
{perror("setsockopt");return -1;
}address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
address.sin_port = htons(RTSP_PORT);// 绑定端口
if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0)
{perror("bind failed");return -1;
}// 开始监听
if (listen(server_fd, MAX_CLIENTS) < 0)
{perror("listen");return -1;
}

✨2.2、接收客户端请求并处理RTSP命令

RTSP通信不直接传输音视频码流，会先进行一些命令通信，所以第二个步骤就是处理这些命令：

char response[1024] = {0}; // 构造响应
if (strcmp(method, "OPTIONS") == 0)
{rtsp_handle_OPTION(response, cseq);
}
else if (strcmp(method, "DESCRIBE") == 0)
{rtsp_handle_DESCRIBE(response, cseq);
}
else if (strcmp(method, "SETUP") == 0)
{rtsp_handle_SETUP(response, cseq, rtpPort);
}
else if (strcmp(method, "PLAY") == 0)
{rtsp_handle_PLAY(response, cseq);bSendFlag = RTP_PLAY;
}
else if (strcmp(method, "TEARDOWN") == 0)
{rtsp_handle_TEARDOWN(response, cseq);bSendFlag = RTP_STOP;
}
else
{snprintf(response, sizeof(response),"RTSP/1.0 501 Not Implemented\r\nCSeq: %d\r\n\r\n", cseq);
}

✨2.3、读取H264并发送

处理完RTSP命令后，就需要读取并发送RTSP包了。

if (!H264_IsEndOfFile(&h264Info)){h264Frame.isLastFrame = 0;H264_GetFrame(&h264Frame, &h264Info);if (h264Frame.pFrameBuf != NULL){if (h264Frame.isLastFrame) // 最后一帧，移到开头重新读{printf("warning SeekFile 1\n");H264_SeekFile(&h264Info);}// printf("rtpSendH264Frame, frameNum=%d, time=%u\n", h264Info.frameNum, rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp);rtpSendH264Frame(rtp_send_fd, cli_ip, rtpPort, rtpPacket,h264Frame.pFrameBuf + h264Frame.startcode_len,h264Frame.frame_len - h264Frame.startcode_len);rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp += 90000 / FPS; // RTP 传输视频每秒 90k HZusleep(1000 * 1000 / FPS);}}else{printf("warning need SeekFile 1\n");}}

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🎄三、传输H264的RTSP服务器的实现源码

总共有5个源代码文件，具体如下：

1、H264Reader.h

/*** @file H264Reader.h* @author https://blog.csdn.net/wkd_007* @brief* @version 0.1* @date 2025-06-24** @copyright Copyright (c) 2025**/
#ifndef __H264_READER_H__
#define __H264_READER_H__#include <stdio.h>#define MAX_STARTCODE_LEN (4)typedef enum
{FALSE,TRUE,
} BOOL;typedef enum
{H264_NALU_TYPE_SLICE = 1,H264_NALU_TYPE_DPA = 2,H264_NALU_TYPE_DPB = 3,H264_NALU_TYPE_DPC = 4,H264_NALU_TYPE_IDR = 5,H264_NALU_TYPE_SEI = 6,H264_NALU_TYPE_SPS = 7,H264_NALU_TYPE_PPS = 8,H264_NALU_TYPE_AUD = 9,H264_NALU_TYPE_EOSEQ = 10,H264_NALU_TYPE_EOSTREAM = 11,H264_NALU_TYPE_FILL = 12,
} H264NaluType;typedef enum
{H264_NALU_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE = 0,H264_NALU_PRIRITY_LOW = 1,H264_NALU_PRIORITY_HIGH = 2,H264_NALU_PRIORITY_HIGHEST = 3
} H264NaluPriority;typedef struct
{int startcode_len;        //! 4 for parameter sets and first slice in picture, 3 for everything else (suggested)int forbidden_bit;        //! should be always FALSEint nal_reference_idc;    //! H264_NALU_PRIORITY_xxxxint nal_unit_type;        //! H264_NALU_TYPE_xxxxBOOL isLastFrame;         //!int frame_len;            //!unsigned char *pFrameBuf; //!
} H264Frame_t;typedef struct H264ReaderInfo_s
{FILE *pFileFd;int frameNum;
} H264ReaderInfo_t;int H264_FileOpen(char *fileName, H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info);
int H264_FileClose(H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info);
int H264_GetFrame(H264Frame_t *pH264Frame, H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info);
BOOL H264_IsEndOfFile(const H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info);
void H264_SeekFile(H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info);#endif // __H264_READER_H__

2、H264Reader.c

/*** @file H264Reader.c* @author https://blog.csdn.net/wkd_007* @brief* @version 0.1* @date 2025-06-30** @copyright Copyright (c) 2025**/
#include "H264Reader.h"
#include <stdlib.h>#define MAX_FRAME_LEN (1920 * 1080 * 1.5) // 一帧数据最大字节数static BOOL findStartCode_001(unsigned char *Buf)
{// printf("[%d %d %d]\n", Buf[0], Buf[1], Buf[2]);return (Buf[0] == 0 && Buf[1] == 0 && Buf[2] == 1); // 0x000001?
}static BOOL findStartCode_0001(unsigned char *Buf)
{// printf("[%d %d %d %d]\n", Buf[0], Buf[1], Buf[2], Buf[3]);return (Buf[0] == 0 && Buf[1] == 0 && Buf[2] == 0 && Buf[3] == 1); // 0x00000001?
}int H264_FileOpen(char *fileName, H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info)
{pH264Info->pFileFd = fopen(fileName, "rb+");if (pH264Info->pFileFd == NULL){printf("[%s %d]Open file error\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);return -1;}pH264Info->frameNum = 0;return 0;
}int H264_FileClose(H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info)
{if (pH264Info->pFileFd != NULL){fclose(pH264Info->pFileFd);pH264Info->pFileFd = NULL;}return 0;
}BOOL H264_IsEndOfFile(const H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info)
{return feof(pH264Info->pFileFd);
}void H264_SeekFile(H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info)
{fseek(pH264Info->pFileFd, 0, SEEK_SET);pH264Info->frameNum = 0;
}/*** @brief 获取一阵h264视频帧** @param pH264Frame ：输出参数，使用后 pH264Frame->pFrameBuf 需要free* @param pH264Info ：输入参数* @return int*/
int H264_GetFrame(H264Frame_t *pH264Frame, H264ReaderInfo_t *pH264Info)
{int rewind = 0;if (pH264Info->pFileFd == NULL){printf("[%s %d]pFileFd error\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);return -1;}// 1.读取帧数据// unsigned char *pFrame = (unsigned char *)malloc(MAX_FRAME_LEN);unsigned char *pFrame = pH264Frame->pFrameBuf;int readLen = fread(pFrame, 1, MAX_FRAME_LEN, pH264Info->pFileFd);if (readLen <= 0){printf("[%s %d]fread error\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);// free(pFrame);return -1;}// 2.查找当前帧开始码int i = 0;for (; i < readLen - MAX_STARTCODE_LEN; i++){if (!findStartCode_0001(&pFrame[i])){if (!findStartCode_001(&pFrame[i])){continue;}else{pH264Frame->startcode_len = 3;break;}}else{pH264Frame->startcode_len = 4;break;}}if (i != 0) // 不是帧开头，偏移到帧开头重新读{printf("[%s %d]startcode error, i=%d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, i);// free(pFrame);rewind = (-(readLen - i));fseek(pH264Info->pFileFd, rewind, SEEK_CUR);return -1;}// 3.查找下一帧开始码i += MAX_STARTCODE_LEN;for (; i < readLen - MAX_STARTCODE_LEN; i++){if (!findStartCode_0001(&pFrame[i])){if (!findStartCode_001(&pFrame[i])){continue;}else{break;}}else{break;}}if (i == (readLen - MAX_STARTCODE_LEN)){if (!feof(pH264Info->pFileFd)){printf("[%s %d]MAX_FRAME_LEN too small\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);// free(pFrame);return -1;}else{pH264Frame->isLastFrame = TRUE;}}// 4.填数据pH264Frame->forbidden_bit = pFrame[pH264Frame->startcode_len] & 0x80;     // 1 bitpH264Frame->nal_reference_idc = pFrame[pH264Frame->startcode_len] & 0x60; // 2 bitpH264Frame->nal_unit_type = pFrame[pH264Frame->startcode_len] & 0x1f;     // 5 bit, naluType 是开始码后一个字节的最后 5 位// pH264Frame->pFrameBuf = pFrame;pH264Frame->frame_len = i;// 5.文件读取指针偏移到下一帧位置rewind = (-(readLen - i));fseek(pH264Info->pFileFd, rewind, SEEK_CUR);pH264Info->frameNum++;return pH264Frame->frame_len;
}

3、rtp.h

#ifndef _RTP_H_
#define _RTP_H_
#include <stdint.h>#define RTP_VESION              2#define RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_H264   96
#define RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_AAC    97#define RTP_HEADER_SIZE         12
#define RTP_MAX_PKT_SIZE        1400/***    0                   1                   2                   3*    7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0|7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0|7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0|7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0*   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*   |V=2|P|X|  CC   |M|     PT      |       sequence number         |*   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*   |                           timestamp                           |*   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*   |           synchronization source (SSRC) identifier            |*   +=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+*   |            contributing source (CSRC) identifiers             |*   :                             ....                              :*   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+**/
struct RtpHeader
{/* byte 0 */uint8_t csrcLen:4;uint8_t extension:1;uint8_t padding:1;uint8_t version:2;/* byte 1 */uint8_t payloadType:7;uint8_t marker:1;/* bytes 2,3 */uint16_t seq;/* bytes 4-7 */uint32_t timestamp;/* bytes 8-11 */uint32_t ssrc;
};struct RtpPacket
{struct RtpHeader rtpHeader;uint8_t payload[0];
};void rtpHeaderInit(struct RtpPacket* rtpPacket, uint8_t csrcLen, uint8_t extension,uint8_t padding, uint8_t version, uint8_t payloadType, uint8_t marker,uint16_t seq, uint32_t timestamp, uint32_t ssrc);
int rtpSendPacket(int socket, char* ip, int16_t port, struct RtpPacket* rtpPacket, uint32_t dataSize);#endif //_RTP_H_

4、rtp.c

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>#include "rtp.h"void rtpHeaderInit(struct RtpPacket *rtpPacket, uint8_t csrcLen, uint8_t extension,uint8_t padding, uint8_t version, uint8_t payloadType, uint8_t marker,uint16_t seq, uint32_t timestamp, uint32_t ssrc)
{rtpPacket->rtpHeader.csrcLen = csrcLen;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.extension = extension;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.padding = padding;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.version = version;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.payloadType = payloadType;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.marker = marker;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq = seq;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp = timestamp;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.ssrc = ssrc;
}int rtpSendPacket(int socket, char *ip, int16_t port, struct RtpPacket *rtpPacket, uint32_t dataSize)
{struct sockaddr_in addr;int ret;addr.sin_family = AF_INET;addr.sin_port = htons(port);addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq = htons(rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq);rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp = htonl(rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp);rtpPacket->rtpHeader.ssrc = htonl(rtpPacket->rtpHeader.ssrc);ret = sendto(socket, (void *)rtpPacket, dataSize + RTP_HEADER_SIZE, 0,(struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq = ntohs(rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq);rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp = ntohl(rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp);rtpPacket->rtpHeader.ssrc = ntohl(rtpPacket->rtpHeader.ssrc);return ret;
}

5、rtsp_h264_main.c

/*** @file rtsp_h264_main.c* @author https://blog.csdn.net/wkd_007* @brief* @version 0.1* @date 2025-06-30** @copyright Copyright (c) 2025**/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>#include "rtp.h"
#include "H264Reader.h"#define H264_FILE_NAME "test.h264"
#define FPS 25#define RTSP_PORT 8554
#define RTP_PORT 55666
#define MAX_CLIENTS 5
#define SESSION_ID 10086001
#define SESSION_TIMEOUT 60typedef struct
{int rtpSendFd;int rtpPort;int bPlayFlag; // 播放标志char *cliIp;
} RTP_Send_t;typedef enum
{RTP_NULL,RTP_PLAY,RTP_PLAYING,RTP_STOP,
} RTP_PLAY_STATE;static int createUdpSocket()
{int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);if (fd < 0)return -1;int on = 1;setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char *)&on, sizeof(on));return fd;
}static int rtpSendH264Frame(int socket, char *ip, int16_t port,struct RtpPacket *rtpPacket, uint8_t *frame, uint32_t frameSize)
{uint8_t naluType; // nalu第一个字节int sendBytes = 0;int ret;naluType = frame[0];if (frameSize <= RTP_MAX_PKT_SIZE) // nalu长度小于最大包场：单一NALU单元模式{/**   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9*  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*  |F|NRI|  Type   | a single NAL unit ... |*  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*/memcpy(rtpPacket->payload, frame, frameSize);ret = rtpSendPacket(socket, ip, port, rtpPacket, frameSize);if (ret < 0)return -1;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq++;sendBytes += ret;if ((naluType & 0x1F) == 7 || (naluType & 0x1F) == 8) // 如果是SPS、PPS就不需要加时间戳goto out;}else // nalu长度大于最大包场：分片模式{/**  0                   1                   2*  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3* +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+* | FU indicator  |   FU header   |   FU payload   ...  |* +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*//**     FU Indicator*    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7*   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*   |F|NRI|  Type   |*   +---------------+*//**      FU Header*    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7*   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+*   |S|E|R|  Type   |*   +---------------+*/int pktNum = frameSize / RTP_MAX_PKT_SIZE;        // 有几个完整的包int remainPktSize = frameSize % RTP_MAX_PKT_SIZE; // 剩余不完整包的大小int i, pos = 1;/* 发送完整的包 */for (i = 0; i < pktNum; i++){rtpPacket->payload[0] = (naluType & 0x60) | 28;rtpPacket->payload[1] = naluType & 0x1F;if (i == 0)                                     // 第一包数据rtpPacket->payload[1] |= 0x80;              // startelse if (remainPktSize == 0 && i == pktNum - 1) // 最后一包数据rtpPacket->payload[1] |= 0x40;              // endmemcpy(rtpPacket->payload + 2, frame + pos, RTP_MAX_PKT_SIZE);ret = rtpSendPacket(socket, ip, port, rtpPacket, RTP_MAX_PKT_SIZE + 2);if (ret < 0)return -1;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq++;sendBytes += ret;pos += RTP_MAX_PKT_SIZE;}/* 发送剩余的数据 */if (remainPktSize > 0){rtpPacket->payload[0] = (naluType & 0x60) | 28;rtpPacket->payload[1] = naluType & 0x1F;rtpPacket->payload[1] |= 0x40; // endmemcpy(rtpPacket->payload + 2, frame + pos, remainPktSize + 2);ret = rtpSendPacket(socket, ip, port, rtpPacket, remainPktSize + 2);if (ret < 0)return -1;rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq++;sendBytes += ret;}}out:return sendBytes;
}void *sendRtp(void *arg)
{RTP_Send_t *pRtpSend = (RTP_Send_t *)arg;int rtp_send_fd = pRtpSend->rtpSendFd;int rtpPort = pRtpSend->rtpPort;char *cli_ip = pRtpSend->cliIp;struct RtpPacket *rtpPacket = (struct RtpPacket *)malloc(sizeof(struct RtpPacket) + (1920 * 1080 * 4));rtpHeaderInit(rtpPacket, 0, 0, 0, RTP_VESION, RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_H264, 0,0, 0, 0x88923423);// h264H264ReaderInfo_t h264Info;if (H264_FileOpen(H264_FILE_NAME, &h264Info) < 0){printf("failed to open %s\n", H264_FILE_NAME);return NULL;}H264Frame_t h264Frame;h264Frame.pFrameBuf = (unsigned char *)malloc(1920 * 1080 * 4);while (pRtpSend->bPlayFlag){if (!H264_IsEndOfFile(&h264Info)){h264Frame.isLastFrame = 0;H264_GetFrame(&h264Frame, &h264Info);if (h264Frame.pFrameBuf != NULL){if (h264Frame.isLastFrame) // 最后一帧，移到开头重新读{printf("warning SeekFile 1\n");H264_SeekFile(&h264Info);}// printf("rtpSendH264Frame, frameNum=%d, time=%u\n", h264Info.frameNum, rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp);rtpSendH264Frame(rtp_send_fd, cli_ip, rtpPort, rtpPacket,h264Frame.pFrameBuf + h264Frame.startcode_len,h264Frame.frame_len - h264Frame.startcode_len);rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp += 90000 / FPS; // RTP 传输视频每秒 90k HZusleep(1000 * 1000 / FPS);}}else{printf("warning need SeekFile 1\n");}}free(h264Frame.pFrameBuf);free(rtpPacket);H264_FileClose(&h264Info);
}// 解析RTSP请求
static void rtsp_request_parse(char *buffer, char *method, char *url, int *cseq, int *pRtpPort)
{char *line = strtok(buffer, "\r\n");sscanf(line, "%s %s RTSP/1.0", method, url);while ((line = strtok(NULL, "\r\n")) != NULL){if (strncmp(line, "CSeq:", 5) == 0){sscanf(line, "CSeq: %d", cseq);}char *pCliPort = strstr(line, "client_port=");if (pCliPort != NULL){int rtcpPort = 0;sscanf(pCliPort, "client_port=%d-%d", pRtpPort, &rtcpPort);// printf("rtpPort: %d-%d\n",*pRtpPort, rtcpPort);}}
}// 生成SDP描述
const char *generate_sdp()
{return "v=0\r\n""o=- 0 0 IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\n""s=Example Stream\r\n""t=0 0\r\n""m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96\r\n""a=rtpmap:96 H264/90000\r\n""a=control:streamid=0\r\n";
}void rtsp_handle_OPTION(char *response, int cseq)
{sprintf(response,"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n""CSeq: %d\r\n""Public: OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, PLAY, TEARDOWN\r\n\r\n",cseq);
}static void rtsp_handle_DESCRIBE(char *response, int cseq)
{sprintf(response,"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n""CSeq: %d\r\n""Content-Type: application/sdp\r\n""Content-Length: %zu\r\n\r\n%s",cseq, strlen(generate_sdp()), generate_sdp());
}static void rtsp_handle_SETUP(char *response, int cseq, int rtpPort)
{sprintf(response,"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n""CSeq: %d\r\n""Session: %u; timeout=%d\r\n""Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d;server_port=%d-%d\r\n\r\n",cseq, SESSION_ID, SESSION_TIMEOUT, rtpPort, rtpPort + 1, RTP_PORT, RTP_PORT + 1);
}static void rtsp_handle_PLAY(char *response, int cseq)
{sprintf(response,"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n""CSeq: %d\r\n""Session: %u; timeout=%d\r\n""Range: npt=0.000-\r\n\r\n",cseq, SESSION_ID, SESSION_TIMEOUT);
}static void rtsp_handle_TEARDOWN(char *response, int cseq)
{sprintf(response,"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n""CSeq: %d\r\n""Session: %d; timeout=%d\r\n\r\n",cseq, SESSION_ID, SESSION_TIMEOUT);
}// 处理客户端连接
int handle_client(int cli_fd, int rtp_send_fd, char *cli_ip)
{int client_sock = cli_fd;char buffer[1024] = {0};int cseq = 0;int rtpPort = 0;unsigned char bSendFlag = RTP_NULL;RTP_Send_t rtpSend;pthread_t thread_id;while (1){memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));int len = read(client_sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1);if (len <= 0)break;printf("C->S [%s]\n\n", buffer);char method[16] = {0};char url[128] = {0};rtsp_request_parse(buffer, method, url, &cseq, &rtpPort);char response[1024] = {0}; // 构造响应if (strcmp(method, "OPTIONS") == 0){rtsp_handle_OPTION(response, cseq);}else if (strcmp(method, "DESCRIBE") == 0){rtsp_handle_DESCRIBE(response, cseq);}else if (strcmp(method, "SETUP") == 0){rtsp_handle_SETUP(response, cseq, rtpPort);}else if (strcmp(method, "PLAY") == 0){rtsp_handle_PLAY(response, cseq);bSendFlag = RTP_PLAY;}else if (strcmp(method, "TEARDOWN") == 0){rtsp_handle_TEARDOWN(response, cseq);bSendFlag = RTP_STOP;}else{snprintf(response, sizeof(response),"RTSP/1.0 501 Not Implemented\r\nCSeq: %d\r\n\r\n", cseq);}write(client_sock, response, strlen(response));printf("S->C [%s]\n\n", response);if (bSendFlag == RTP_PLAY) // PLAY{rtpSend.rtpSendFd = rtp_send_fd;rtpSend.rtpPort = rtpPort;rtpSend.cliIp = cli_ip;rtpSend.bPlayFlag = 1;// 这里不使用线程的话，会一直无法处理 client_sock 发过来的 OPTION 消息，导致播放出问题if (pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, (void *)sendRtp, (void *)&rtpSend) < 0){perror("pthread_create");}bSendFlag = RTP_PLAYING;}if (bSendFlag == RTP_STOP) // TEARDOWN{rtpSend.bPlayFlag = 0;pthread_join(thread_id); // 等待线程结束bSendFlag = RTP_NULL;break;}}printf("close ip=[%s] fd=[%d]\n", cli_ip, client_sock);close(client_sock);return 0;
}int main()
{int server_fd, client_fd;struct sockaddr_in address;int opt = 1;socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(address);// 创建套接字if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0){perror("socket failed");return -1;}// 设置套接字选项if (setsockopt(server_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt))){perror("setsockopt");return -1;}address.sin_family = AF_INET;address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;address.sin_port = htons(RTSP_PORT);// 绑定端口if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0){perror("bind failed");return -1;}// 开始监听if (listen(server_fd, MAX_CLIENTS) < 0){perror("listen");return -1;}// 用于发送 rtp 包的udp套接字int rtp_send_fd = createUdpSocket();if (rtp_send_fd < 0){printf("failed to create socket\n");return -1;}address.sin_port = htons(RTP_PORT);if (bind(rtp_send_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0){perror("rtp_send_fd bind failed");return -1;}printf("RTSP Server listening on port %d\n", RTSP_PORT);// 主循环接受连接，目前处理一个客户端while (1){char cli_ip[40] = {0};if ((client_fd = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, &addrlen)) < 0){perror("accept");return -1;}strncpy(cli_ip, inet_ntoa(address.sin_addr), sizeof(cli_ip));printf("handle cliend [%s]\n", cli_ip);handle_client(client_fd, rtp_send_fd, cli_ip);}return 0;
}

将上面代码保存在同一个目录后，并且在同目录里放一个.h264文件，然后运行 gcc *.c -lpthread 编译，再执行./a.out运行程序，下面是我运行的过程：
在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

🎄四、总结

本文介绍了实现介绍怎么通过RTSP协议通信，将H264视频数据封装成RTP包并发送的，也提供了实现源码和运行结果，可以帮助读者快速了解怎样实现一个最简单的RTSP服务器。

在这里插入图片描述
如果文章有帮助的话，点赞👍、收藏⭐，支持一波，谢谢 😁😁😁

参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/huabiaochen/article/details/104557971

http://www.dtcms.com/a/263074.html

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