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MongoDB-6.0.24 主从复制搭建和扩容缩容详解

news 来源：原创 2025/6/7 10:30:14

1 操作系统信息

2 MongoDB 集群架构图

3 MongoDB 软件安装及配置

4 初始化存储集群和配置

5 MongoDB主从复制集群测试

6 MongoDB运维管理

7 主从复制集群扩容一个secondary节点

8 主从复制集群缩容一个节点

1 操作系统信息

root@u24-mongo-70:~# cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS \n \l

2 MongoDB 集群架构图

IP 主机名端口角色
192.168.254.70 u24-mongo-70 27017 primary
192.168.254.71 u24-mongo-71 27017 secondary
192.168.254.72 u24-mongo-72 27017 secondary

3 MongoDB 软件安装及配置

源码编译安装参考：https://blog.csdn.net/zyb378747350/article/details/148307411

修改配置文件
root@u24-mongo-70:~# cat /usr/local/mongodb-6.0.24/conf/mongodb.conf
#系统日志有关
systemLog:
destination: file
logAppend: true
path: /mongodb/log/mongdb.log

#数据库存储有关
storage:
dbPath: /mongodb/data
journal:
enabled: true
wiredTiger:
engineConfig:
directoryForIndexes: true
configString: cache_size=1G

#进程
processManagement:
fork: true #后台运行
pidFilePath: /mongodb/log/mongodb.pid
timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo

#网络
net:
port: 27017
bindIp: 0.0.0.0
maxIncomingConnections: 1000
unixDomainSocket:
enabled: true
pathPrefix: /mongodb/data
filePermissions: 0700

#安全
security:
keyFile: /usr/local/mongodb-6.0.24/auth/keyfile.key
authorization: enabled

#主从配置
replication:
replSetName: repl

4 初始化存储集群和配置

root@u24-mongo-70:~# mongosh --port=27017
#配置
admin>config={_id:"repl",members:[{_id:0,host:"192.168.254.70:27017"},{_id:1,host:"192.168.254.71:27017"},{_id:2,host:"192.168.254.72:27017"}]}
{
_id: 'repl',
members: [
{ _id: 0, host: '192.168.254.70:27017' },
{ _id: 1, host: '192.168.254.71:27017' },
{ _id: 2, host: '192.168.254.72:27017' }
]
}

#初始化
admin> rs.initiate(config)
{ ok: 1 }

备注：如果添加arbiter，要添加 { _id: 2, host: '192.168.254.72:27017',arbiterOnly: ture}

#开通账号和设置密码
repl [direct: primary] admin> use admin
repl [direct: primary] admin> db.createUser({
user:"root",
pwd:"root123456",
roles:[{role:"root",db:"admin"}]
})

#查看状态
repl [direct: primary] test> rs.status();

5 MongoDB主从复制集群测试

mongosh --port=27017

repl [primary] admin> use test
switched to db test
#插入
repl [primary] test> db.movies.insert([{"title":"Jaws","year":1975,"imdb_rating":8.1},{"title":"Batman","year":1989,"imdb_rating":7.6}]);

#查询
repl [direct: primary] test> db.movies.find();
[
{
_id: ObjectId('683ebfc0b128f3aee3c59f35'),
title: 'Jaws',
year: 1975,
imdb_rating: 8.1
},
{
_id: ObjectId('683ebfc0b128f3aee3c59f36'),
title: 'Batman',
year: 1989,
imdb_rating: 7.6
}
]

6 MongoDB运维管理

#查看主从复制集群的从库状态信息(延迟、成员)
repl [direct: primary] test> rs.printSecondaryReplicationInfo();
source: 192.168.254.71:27017
{
syncedTo: 'Tue Jun 03 2025 18:05:18 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)',
replLag: '0 secs (0 hrs) behind the primary '
}
---
source: 192.168.254.72:27017
{
syncedTo: 'Tue Jun 03 2025 18:05:18 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)',
replLag: '0 secs (0 hrs) behind the primary '
}

#查看主从复制集群oplog信息：
repl [direct: primary] test> rs.printReplicationInfo();
actual oplog size
'1456.2060546875 MB'
---
configured oplog size
'1456.2060546875 MB'
---
log length start to end
'2971 secs (0.83 hrs)'
---
oplog first event time
'Tue Jun 03 2025 17:17:47 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)'
---
oplog last event time
'Tue Jun 03 2025 18:07:18 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)'
---
now
'Tue Jun 03 2025 18:07:22 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)'