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PostgreSQL ERROR: out of shared memory处理

news 来源：原创 2025/6/4 9:53:58

使用pg_dump命令导出一个库的时候，报

pg_dump: error: query failed: ERROR: out of shared memory
HINT: You might need to increase "max_locks_per_transaction".

从错误字面上看是超出内存大小了，建议增加max_locks_per_transaction参数

本环境中：

[postgres174@geoscene ~]$ psql
psql (17.4)
Type "help" for help.postgres=# show max_locks_per_transaction ;max_locks_per_transaction
---------------------------64
(1 row)

原因：

pg_dump -d dbname的时候会对库中所有的表执行lock table in shared mode 操作。

该操作会将表锁记录到表锁所在的共享结构中。

lock.c: SetupLockInTablelock = (LOCK *) hash_search_with_hash_value(LockMethodLockHash,locktag,hashcode,HASH_ENTER_NULL,&found);

LockMethodLockHash 结构在InitLocks初始化

lock.c
InitLocks(void)
{HASHCTL         info;long            init_table_size,max_table_size;bool            found;/** Compute init/max size to request for lock hashtables.  Note these* calculations must agree with LockShmemSize!*///最大表大小max_table_size = NLOCKENTS();init_table_size = max_table_size / 2;/** Allocate hash table for LOCK structs.  This stores per-locked-object* information.*/info.keysize = sizeof(LOCKTAG);info.entrysize = sizeof(LOCK);info.num_partitions = NUM_LOCK_PARTITIONS;LockMethodLockHash = ShmemInitHash("LOCK hash",init_table_size,max_table_size,&info,HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_PARTITION);
...

查看

#define NLOCKENTS() \mul_size(max_locks_per_xact, add_size(MaxBackends, max_prepared_xacts))Size
mul_size(Size s1, Size s2)
{Size		result;if (s1 == 0 || s2 == 0)return 0;result = s1 * s2;/* We are assuming Size is an unsigned type here... */if (result / s2 != s1)ereport(ERROR,(errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),errmsg("requested shared memory size overflows size_t")));return result;
}

可以看出来，跟最大连接数和max_prepared_xacts相关

所以解决这个问题除了增加max_locks_per_xact参数的数量，增加最大连接数实际也可以。