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Java爬虫，获取未来40天预测气象并写入Excel

news 来源：原创 2025/6/3 17:31:05

项目需要未来40天气象，找了一圈气象api，不是收费就是不支持未来40天，干脆写了个爬虫自动爬取气象网站的数据。以前都是用Python写的，重新拾起来再用Java写别有一番风味。

目标气象网站：西安天气预报40天_西安天气预报40天查询,西安未来40天天气预报- 东方天气

第三方依赖：

<dependency><groupId>org.jsoup</groupId><artifactId>jsoup</artifactId><version>1.15.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>5.1.0</version>
</dependency>

代码：

package com.test.main;import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.jsoup.Jsoup;
import org.jsoup.nodes.Document;
import org.jsoup.nodes.Element;
import org.jsoup.select.Elements;import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;@Slf4j
public class weatherSpider {public static void main(String[] args) {List<WeatherInfo> weatherInfos = new ArrayList<>();String url = "https://tianqi.eastday.com/xian/40/"; // 目标网页URL// 获取前两天的日期LocalDate twoDaysAgo = LocalDate.now().minusDays(2);// 设置日期格式DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd");try {// 设置用户代理，尝试绕过访问限制Document document = Jsoup.connect(url).userAgent("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3").timeout(10000) // 设置超时时间.get();// 查找所有class为temp的div标签Elements tempElements = document.select("div.temp");// 遍历所有找到的div标签for (Element tempElement : tempElements) {// 获取div标签内的所有span标签Elements spanElements = tempElement.select("span");// 遍历所有span标签并打印内容for (Element spanElement : spanElements) {String spanText = spanElement.text();System.out.println(spanText);String lowTemp = spanText.split("~")[0];String highTempC = spanText.split("~")[1];String highTemp = highTempC.substring(0, highTempC.length() - 1);System.out.println("日期：" + twoDaysAgo.format(formatter) + " 温度：" + lowTemp + " ~ " + highTemp);WeatherInfo weatherInfo = new WeatherInfo();weatherInfo.setDate(twoDaysAgo.format(formatter));weatherInfo.setLowTemp(lowTemp); // 示例最低气温weatherInfo.setHighTemp(highTemp); // 示例最高气温weatherInfos.add(weatherInfo);twoDaysAgo = twoDaysAgo.plusDays(1);break;}}// 写入ExcelwriteWeatherToExcel(weatherInfos, "C:\\Users\\Xylon\\Desktop\\weather_forecast.xlsx");} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}// 将天气数据写入Excelprivate static void writeWeatherToExcel(List<WeatherInfo> weatherInfos, String filePath) throws Exception {try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook()) {Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Weather Forecast");// 创建表头Row headerRow = sheet.createRow(0);String[] headers = {"Date", "LowTemp", "HighTemp"};for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {Cell cell = headerRow.createCell(i);cell.setCellValue(headers[i]);}// 写入天气数据for (int i = 0; i < weatherInfos.size(); i++) {Row row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);WeatherInfo weatherInfo = weatherInfos.get(i);row.createCell(0).setCellValue(weatherInfo.getDate());row.createCell(1).setCellValue(weatherInfo.getLowTemp());row.createCell(2).setCellValue(weatherInfo.getHighTemp());}// 写入文件try (FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(filePath)) {workbook.write(fileOut);}System.out.println("Weather data has been written to " + filePath);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}// 天气信息类@Setter@Getterstatic class WeatherInfo {private String date;private String lowTemp;private String highTemp;}}