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deepseek手动实现一个Spring Starter具体方案

news 来源：原创 2025/5/19 7:56:26

Spring Starter 实现方案

作为Java架构师，手动实现一个Spring Starter是一个很好的实践。下面我将提供一个详细的方案，包括设计、实现和验证步骤。

1. 设计方案

1.1 Starter 功能定位

首先明确starter的功能，假设我们要实现一个"请求日志记录starter"，它能自动记录所有进入Controller的请求信息。

1.2 模块划分

建议采用两模块结构：

my-spring-boot-autoconfigure - 包含自动配置核心逻辑
my-spring-boot-starter - 空模块，只包含对autoconfigure的依赖

1.3 技术组件

Spring Boot AutoConfiguration
Spring Boot Conditional注解
Spring AOP (用于拦截请求)
自定义属性配置(通过@ConfigurationProperties)

2. 实现步骤

2.1 创建项目结构

my-request-logging-starter/
├── my-spring-boot-autoconfigure
│   ├── src/main/java
│   │   └── com/example/autoconfigure
│   ├── src/main/resources
│   │   └── META-INF
│   └── pom.xml
└── my-spring-boot-starter└── pom.xml

2.2 实现自动配置模块

2.2.1 添加依赖(pom.xml)

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId></dependency>
</dependencies>

2.2.2 创建配置属性类

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "request.logging")
public class RequestLoggingProperties {private boolean enabled = true;private Level level = Level.INFO;private boolean includeHeaders = false;// 枚举和getter/setter省略
}

2.2.3 实现请求日志切面

@Aspect
public class RequestLoggingAspect {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RequestLoggingAspect.class);private final RequestLoggingProperties properties;public RequestLoggingAspect(RequestLoggingProperties properties) {this.properties = properties;}@Around("@within(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController) || " +"@within(org.springframework.stereotype.Controller)")public Object logRequest(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {if (!properties.isEnabled()) {return joinPoint.proceed();}HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getRequest();// 记录请求信息logRequestDetails(request);try {Object result = joinPoint.proceed();logResponseDetails(request, result);return result;} catch (Exception e) {logErrorDetails(request, e);throw e;}}private void logRequestDetails(HttpServletRequest request) {// 实现请求日志记录逻辑}
}

2.2.4 创建自动配置类

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RequestLoggingProperties.class)
@ConditionalOnClass({DispatcherServlet.class, Aspect.class})
public class RequestLoggingAutoConfiguration {@Bean@ConditionalOnMissingBean@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "request.logging", name = "enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)public RequestLoggingAspect requestLoggingAspect(RequestLoggingProperties properties) {return new RequestLoggingAspect(properties);}
}

2.2.5 创建spring.factories

在src/main/resources/META-INF/下创建spring.factories文件：

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.example.autoconfigure.RequestLoggingAutoConfiguration

2.3 实现Starter模块

2.3.1 添加依赖(pom.xml)

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>my-spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId><version>${project.version}</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

3. 使用示例

3.1 在应用中添加依赖

<dependency><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>my-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>

3.2 配置属性(application.yml)

request:logging:enabled: truelevel: DEBUGinclude-headers: true

4. 验证方案

4.1 单元测试

为自动配置模块编写单元测试：

@SpringBootTest
public class RequestLoggingAutoConfigurationTest {@Autowired(required = false)private RequestLoggingAspect aspect;@Testpublic void testAutoConfigurationEnabled() {assertNotNull(aspect);}@Test@DirtiesContext@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = RequestLoggingAutoConfiguration.class)public void testAutoConfigurationDisabled() {assertNull(aspect);}
}

4.2 集成测试

创建一个测试Spring Boot应用：

添加starter依赖
创建几个Controller
发送请求并验证日志输出

4.3 条件验证

验证当request.logging.enabled=false时切面不生效
验证不同日志级别的输出
验证包含header和不包含header的情况

4.4 性能测试

使用JMeter或类似工具测试starter引入的性能影响

5. 高级考虑

5.1 自定义注解

可以添加自定义注解来更精细地控制哪些请求需要记录：

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface LogRequest {Level value() default Level.INFO;boolean includeHeaders() default false;
}

5.2 指标收集

集成Micrometer来提供请求指标：

@Bean
public MeterRegistryCustomizer<MeterRegistry> metricsCommonTags() {return registry -> registry.config().commonTags("application", "request-logging-starter");
}

5.3 自定义日志输出

允许用户自定义日志格式：

public interface RequestLogFormatter {String formatRequest(HttpServletRequest request);String formatResponse(HttpServletRequest request, Object response);
}