Ubuntu使用war包部署Jenkins并通过systemcl管理
目录
一、当前系统环境
二、安装Java
二、安装Jenkins
三、使用systemctl管理
一、当前系统环境
操作系统：ubuntu 24.04
Jenkins版本：2.506 格式：war
JDK版本：OpenJDK_17
二、安装Java
1.下载jdk安装包
# wget下载
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/Adoptium/17/jdk/x64/linux/OpenJDK17U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_17.0.14_7.tar.gz2.创建java目录并解压压缩包
# 解压JDK到指定目录
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/java
sudo tar -zxf OpenJDK17U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_17.0.14_7.tar.gz -C /usr/local/java --strip-components 13.设置java环境变量
vim /etc/profile在最末尾添加下面的内容
# Java environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}/bin4.使环境变量生效
source /etc/profile5.验证安装是否生效
java -version
root@ubuntu01:/# java -version
openjdk version "17.0.14" 2025-01-21
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Temurin-17.0.14+7 (build 17.0.14+7)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Temurin-17.0.14+7 (build 17.0.14+7, mixed mode, sharing)
root@ubuntu01:/# 二、安装Jenkins
1.创建运行jenkins的用户和组
useradd -m jenkins2.创建jenkins的home目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/jenkins/3.下载Jenkins最新war包
cd /usr/local/jenkins
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/war/2.506/jenkins.war4.设置文件夹权限
chown -R jenkins:jenkins /usr/local/jenkins
chmod +x -R /usr/local/jenkins5.启动测试
# 导入JENKINS_HOME环境变量
export JENKINS_HOME=/usr/local/jenkins# 启动Jenkins
java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=8888
三、使用systemctl管理
1.创建服务文件
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service要在Environment指明JENKINS_HOME实际目录，默认是用户home目录下的.jenkins文件夹ExecStart里面所有目录都使用绝对路径，包括java和war包所在的路径。
[Unit]
Description=Jenkins Continuous Integration Server
After=network.target[Service]
Type=simple
User=jenkins
Environment="JENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins"
ExecStart=/usr/local/java/bin/java -Dhudson.model.DownloadService.noSignatureCheck=true -jar /usr/local/jenkins/jenkins.war --httpPort=8888
Restart=on-failure[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
2.添加文件执行权限
chmod +x /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service3.重新加载systemctl 并启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start jenkins4.查看jenkins运行状态
systemctl status jenkinsroot@ubuntu01:/# systemctl status jenkins
● jenkins.service - JenkinsLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; disabled; preset: enabled)Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-04-23 10:27:37 CST; 7min agoMain PID: 90424 (java)Tasks: 44 (limit: 4552)Memory: 375.1M (peak: 386.7M)CPU: 16.396sCGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service└─90424 /usr/local/java/bin/java -Dhudson.model.DownloadService.noSignatureCheck=true -jar /usr/local/jenkins/jenkins.war --httpPort=8888Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.144+0000 [id=31] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.178+0000 [id=30] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.194+0000 [id=30] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.519+0000 [id=29] INFO h.p.b.g.GlobalTimeOutConfiguration#load: global timeout not set
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.767+0000 [id=31] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config loaded
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.768+0000 [id=31] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config adapted
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.794+0000 [id=29] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.805+0000 [id=30] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Configuration for all jobs updated
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.849+0000 [id=29] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Completed initialization
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.888+0000 [id=23] INFO hudson.lifecycle.Lifecycle#onReady: Jenkins is fully up and running
root@ubuntu01:/# 5.查看服务日志
journalctl -u jenkins.service --reverse6.设置开机自启
systemctl enable jenkins