后端实现加解密工具类（记录）

后端利用3DES加解密工具类实现特殊字段加解密，比如个人信息、请求参数等 ，可以自定义密钥和IV加密，代码如下，直接使用即可。

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESedeKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;

/**
 * 3DES加解密工具类（CBC模式，PKCS5Padding填充）
 */
public class CryptoUtils {
    // 默认密钥（24字节）
    private static final String DEFAULT_KEY = "www.xxxx.comwww.xxxx.com";
    // 默认IV（8字节）
    private static final byte[] DEFAULT_IV = {12, 34, 56, 78, 90, 87, 65, 43};

    /**
     * 使用默认密钥和IV加密
     */
    public static String encrypt(String plainText) throws Exception {
        return encrypt(plainText, DEFAULT_KEY, DEFAULT_IV);
    }

    /**
     * 使用默认密钥和IV解密
     */
    public static String decrypt(String cipherText) throws Exception {
        return decrypt(cipherText, DEFAULT_KEY, DEFAULT_IV);
    }

    /**
     * 自定义密钥和IV加密
     */
    public static String encrypt(String plainText, String keyString, byte[] iv) throws Exception {
        // 参数校验
        validateKeyAndIV(keyString, iv);
        
        byte[] keyData = keyString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        DESedeKeySpec spec = new DESedeKeySpec(keyData);
        SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DESede");
        SecretKey key = keyFactory.generateSecret(spec);
        
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
        IvParameterSpec ivSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, ivSpec);
        
        byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(plainText.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encrypted);
    }

    /**
     * 自定义密钥和IV解密
     */
    public static String decrypt(String cipherText, String keyString, byte[] iv) throws Exception {
        // 参数校验
        validateKeyAndIV(keyString, iv);

        byte[] keyData = keyString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        DESedeKeySpec spec = new DESedeKeySpec(keyData);
        SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DESede");
        SecretKey key = keyFactory.generateSecret(spec);
        
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
        IvParameterSpec ivSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, ivSpec);
        
        byte[] decoded = Base64.getDecoder().decode(cipherText);
        byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(decoded);
        return new String(decrypted, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    }

    /**
     * 密钥和IV校验
     */
    private static void validateKeyAndIV(String key, byte[] iv) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        if (key == null || key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length != 24) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Key must be 24 bytes (192 bits)");
        }
        if (iv == null || iv.length != 8) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("IV must be 8 bytes");
        }
    }

   
}

可以测试一下，测试代码如下所示： 

 public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 测试1：使用默认参数
            String original = "Hello, World! 你好，世界！";
            String encrypted = CryptoUtils.encrypt(original);
            String decrypted = CryptoUtils.decrypt(encrypted);
            
            System.out.println("测试1 - 默认参数:");
            System.out.println("原文: " + original);
            System.out.println("加密后: " + encrypted);
            System.out.println("解密后: " + decrypted);
            System.out.println("结果: " + (original.equals(decrypted) ? "成功" : "失败"));

            // 测试2：使用自定义参数
            String customKey = "ThisIs24BytesLongKey12345";
            byte[] customIV = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
            String encrypted2 = CryptoUtils.encrypt(original, customKey, customIV);
            String decrypted2 = CryptoUtils.decrypt(encrypted2, customKey, customIV);
            
            System.out.println("\n测试2 - 自定义参数:");
            System.out.println("解密结果: " + (original.equals(decrypted2) ? "成功" : "失败"));

            // 测试3：异常参数测试
            try {
                CryptoUtils.encrypt(original, "shortKey", customIV);
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                System.out.println("\n测试3 - 异常参数捕获成功: " + e.getMessage());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }