QT6 源（147）模型视图架构里的表格窗体 QTableWidget 的范例代码举例，以及其条目 QTableWidgetItem 类型的源代码。

（1）先用一个简单的例子，学习一下本类里的成员函数的使用。生成如下图的界面，表格窗体与初始数据：

++查看其 ui_widget . h 文件 ，里面的将是最标准的表格窗体的使用代码 ：

#ifndef UI_WIDGET_H
#define UI_WIDGET_H#include <QtCore/QVariant>
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <QtWidgets/QHeaderView>
#include <QtWidgets/QPushButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QTableWidget>
#include <QtWidgets/QVBoxLayout>
#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACEclass Ui_Widget
{
public:QVBoxLayout  * verticalLayout;//主窗体上一个按钮，一个表格窗体。QPushButton  * pushButton ;QTableWidget * tableWidget;void setupUi(QWidget * Widget){if (Widget->objectName().isEmpty())Widget->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("Widget"));Widget->resize(136, 120);QFont font;font.setPointSize(14);Widget->setFont(font);       //这一段是设置主窗体，并给予垂直布局Widget->setContextMenuPolicy(Qt::CustomContextMenu);verticalLayout = new QVBoxLayout(Widget);verticalLayout->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("verticalLayout"));pushButton = new QPushButton(Widget);   //生成按钮组件pushButton->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("pushButton"));verticalLayout->addWidget(pushButton);tableWidget = new QTableWidget(Widget); //生成表格窗体if (tableWidget->columnCount() < 3)     //至少三列么？tableWidget->setColumnCount(3);//为表格窗体里的组件起名，起的名字怪怪的，避免重复，俩下划线已经很奇特安全了。QTableWidgetItem * __qtablewidgetitem = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, __qtablewidgetitem);QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem1 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setHorizontalHeaderItem(1, __qtablewidgetitem1);QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem2 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setHorizontalHeaderItem(2, __qtablewidgetitem2); //生成水平表头if (tableWidget->rowCount() < 2) //生成两行tableWidget->setRowCount(2);QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem3 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setVerticalHeaderItem(0, __qtablewidgetitem3);   QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem4 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setVerticalHeaderItem(1, __qtablewidgetitem4);   //生成垂直表头QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem5 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setItem(0, 0, __qtablewidgetitem5);  //依次生成表里的每个元素[0,0]QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem6 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setItem(0, 1, __qtablewidgetitem6);  //[0,1]QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem7 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setItem(0, 2, __qtablewidgetitem7);  //[0,2]QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem8 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setItem(1, 0, __qtablewidgetitem8);  //[1,0]QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem9 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setItem(1, 1, __qtablewidgetitem9);  //[1,1]QTableWidgetItem *__qtablewidgetitem10 = new QTableWidgetItem();tableWidget->setItem(1, 2, __qtablewidgetitem10); //[1,2]tableWidget->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("tableWidget"));tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setVisible(true);//使水平表头可见。tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setDefaultSectionSize(31);verticalLayout->addWidget(tableWidget); //把表格窗体加入到主窗体地的布局中。retranslateUi(Widget);QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName(Widget);//允许通过函数名绑定信号与槽函数。} // setupUivoid retranslateUi(QWidget * Widget){   //设置程序的标题Widget->setWindowTitle(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "H", nullptr));pushButton->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "pushButton", nullptr));//以下依次赋予行表头与列表头要显示的文本： cA cB cC rA rBQTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem = tableWidget->horizontalHeaderItem(0);___qtablewidgetitem->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "cA", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem1 = tableWidget->horizontalHeaderItem(1);___qtablewidgetitem1->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "cB", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem2 = tableWidget->horizontalHeaderItem(2);___qtablewidgetitem2->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "cC", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem3 = tableWidget->verticalHeaderItem(0);___qtablewidgetitem3->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "rA", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem4 = tableWidget->verticalHeaderItem(1);___qtablewidgetitem4->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "rB", nullptr));const bool __sortingEnabled = tableWidget->isSortingEnabled();tableWidget->setSortingEnabled(false); //给表格中条目赋值时候不允许排序QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem5 = tableWidget->item(0, 0);___qtablewidgetitem5->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "0", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem6 = tableWidget->item(0, 1);___qtablewidgetitem6->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "1", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem7 = tableWidget->item(0, 2);___qtablewidgetitem7->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "2", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem8 = tableWidget->item(1, 0);___qtablewidgetitem8->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "3", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem9 = tableWidget->item(1, 1);___qtablewidgetitem9->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "4", nullptr));QTableWidgetItem *___qtablewidgetitem10 = tableWidget->item(1, 2);___qtablewidgetitem10->setText(QCoreApplication::translate("Widget", "5", nullptr));tableWidget->setSortingEnabled(__sortingEnabled);//最后恢复表格中的排序设置。} // retranslateUi};namespace Ui {class Widget: public Ui_Widget {};
} // namespace UiQT_END_NAMESPACE#endif // UI_WIDGET_H

（2）以下是 表格里的条目 QTableWidgetItem 类型的源代码，定义于头文件 qtablewidget . h 。无论是什么样的模型与视图里的条目，都是为了存储数据，定义上都大同小异，故不再详细注释了 ：

/*
The QTableWidgetItem class provides an item for use with the QTableWidget class.Detailed Description ：
表格项用于存储表格小部件的信息。项目通常包含文本、图标或复选框。
QTableWidgetltem类是一个方便的类，它在Qt 3中替换了QTableWidgetltem类。
它提供了一个可以与QTableWidgetltem类一起使用的项目。
顶级项目在没有父项的情况下构建，然后根据行号和列号指定的位置插入:QTableWidgetItem * newItem = new QTableWidgetItem(tr("%1").arg(pow(row, column+1)));tableWidget->setItem(row, column, newItem);每个项目都可以有自己的背景画笔，这通过`setBackground()、函数来设置。
当前的背景画笔可以通过background ()、函数来获取。
每个项目的文本标签可以使用其特定的字体和画笔来呈现，这通过`setFont ()'和setForeground)函数进行指定，
并通过`font()`和`foreground()'函数来读取。默认情况下，项是启用的，可编辑的，可选择的，可检查的，并且既可以作为拖放操作的源，也可以作为落点目标。
每个项的标记可以通过调用setFlags()函数并传入相应的值(见Qt:ItemFlags)来更改。
可检查的项可以通过setCheckState()函数进行检查和取消检查。
对应的checkState()函数则指示该项当前是否被检查过。Subclassing :
当子类化 QTableWidgetltem 以提供自定义项时，可以为它们定义新类型，以便它们可以与标准项区分开来.
需要此功能的子类的构造函数需要使用等于或大于 UserType 的新类型值调用基类构造函数。*/#ifndef QT_NO_DATASTREAM  //说明本条目可以读写入数据流里进行调试。
Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT QDataStream & operator>>(QDataStream & in , QTableWidgetItem       & item);
Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT QDataStream & operator<<(QDataStream & out, const QTableWidgetItem & item);
#endifclass Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT QTableWidgetItem
{friend class QTableWidget;friend class QTableModel;
private:QTableModel * tableModel() const;private: //可见，表格里的条目还有丰富的数据成员，以描述条目里的数据与属性int                       rtti     ;QList<QWidgetItemData>    values   ; //包含了条目里的数据QTableWidget            * view     ; //本条目属于哪个表格窗体。QTableWidgetItemPrivate * d        ;Qt::ItemFlags             itemFlags; //本条目的编辑属性。public:enum ItemType { Type = 0, UserType = 1000 };//Constructs a table item of the specified type that does not belong to any table.//形参 type会赋值给本类的私有数据成员 rtti，以保存本条目的类型。explicit   QTableWidgetItem(int type = Type); //默认类型是 0inline int type() const { return rtti; }//Returns the type passed to the QTableWidgetItem constructor.//Constructs a table item with the given text.explicit   QTableWidgetItem(const QString & text, int type = Type); //有参构造函数explicit   QTableWidgetItem(const QIcon   & icon,const QString & text, int type = Type);QTableWidgetItem(const QTableWidgetItem & other); //copy构造函数QTableWidgetItem & operator=(const QTableWidgetItem & other);//copy赋值运算符函数virtual ~QTableWidgetItem(); //析构函数virtual bool operator< (const QTableWidgetItem & other) const; //无注释virtual QTableWidgetItem * clone() const; //Creates a copy of the item.//Returns the table widget that contains the item.inline  QTableWidget     * tableWidget() const { return view; }inline int row   () const;inline int column() const;//Returns the row of the item in the table.//If the item is not in a table, this function will return -1.virtual void read (QDataStream & in )      ; //Reads  the item from stream in .virtual void write(QDataStream & out) const; //Writes the item to   stream out.//Returns true if the item is selected, otherwise returns false.bool  isSelected() const;void setSelected(bool select); //Sets the selected state of the item to select./*enum Qt::ItemFlag {NoItemFlags = 0,ItemIsSelectable = 1,ItemIsEditable = 2,ItemIsDragEnabled = 4,ItemIsDropEnabled = 8,ItemIsUserCheckable = 16,ItemIsEnabled = 32,ItemIsAutoTristate = 64,ItemNeverHasChildren = 128,ItemIsUserTristate = 256};Q_DECLARE_FLAGS(ItemFlags, ItemFlag)Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS(ItemFlags)*/inlineQt::ItemFlags        flags() const { return itemFlags; } //返回条目具有的属性void              setFlags(Qt::ItemFlags flags);virtual QVariant     data(int role) const;               //读写条目里具有的数据。virtual void      setData(int role, const QVariant &value);//以下依次是读写条目里各角色对应的数据。inline QString       text() const         //角色 0{   return data(Qt::DisplayRole).toString(); }inline void       setText(const QString & text){   setData(Qt::DisplayRole, text); }inline QIcon         icon() const         //角色 1{   return qvariant_cast<QIcon>(data(Qt::DecorationRole)); }inline void       setIcon(const QIcon & icon){   setData(Qt::DecorationRole, icon); }inline QString       toolTip() const      //角色 3{ return data(Qt::ToolTipRole).toString(); }inline void       setToolTip(const QString & toolTip){ setData(Qt::ToolTipRole, toolTip); }inline QString       statusTip() const    //角色 4{   return data(Qt::StatusTipRole).toString(); }inline void       setStatusTip(const QString &statusTip){   setData(Qt::StatusTipRole, statusTip); }inline QString       whatsThis() const    //角色 5{   return data(Qt::WhatsThisRole).toString(); }inline void       setWhatsThis(const QString & whatsThis){   setData(Qt::WhatsThisRole, whatsThis); }inline QFont         font() const         //角色 6{   return qvariant_cast<QFont>(data(Qt::FontRole)); }inline void       setFont(const QFont & font){   setData(Qt::FontRole, font); }inline int           textAlignment() const//角色 7{   return data(Qt::TextAlignmentRole).toInt(); }inline void       setTextAlignment(int alignment){   setData(Qt::TextAlignmentRole, alignment); }inline QBrush        background() const   //角色 8{   return qvariant_cast<QBrush>(data(Qt::BackgroundRole)); }inline void       setBackground(const QBrush & brush){   setData(Qt::BackgroundRole,brush.style() != Qt::NoBrush ? QVariant(brush) : QVariant()); }//QBrush(Qt::GlobalColor color, Qt::BrushStyle bs = Qt::SolidPattern);inline QBrush        foreground() const   //角色 9{   return qvariant_cast<QBrush>(data(Qt::ForegroundRole)); }inline void       setForeground(const QBrush &brush){   setData(Qt::ForegroundRole,brush.style() != Qt::NoBrush ? QVariant(brush) : QVariant()); }inline  //enum Qt::CheckState { Unchecked, PartiallyChecked, Checked };Qt::CheckState       checkState() const   //角色 10{   return static_cast<Qt::CheckState>(data(Qt::CheckStateRole).toInt()); }inlinevoid              setCheckState(Qt::CheckState state){   setData(Qt::CheckStateRole, state); }inline QSize         sizeHint() const     //角色 13{   return qvariant_cast<QSize>(data(Qt::SizeHintRole)); }inline void       setSizeHint(const QSize & size){   setData(Qt::SizeHintRole, size.isValid() ? QVariant(size) : QVariant()); }}; //完结 class QTableWidgetItem

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谢谢