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OpenLayers 动画

news 来源：原创 2025/6/13 14:45:13

注：当前使用的是 ol 9.2.4 版本，天地图使用的key请到天地图官网申请，并替换为自己的key

动画在WebGIS开发中是很常见的操作，一般具有平移动画、旋转动画、弹性动画等。在OpenLayers开发中，地图动画主要由View类的animate方法实现。animate可以实现多段动画效果，其中参数包括zoom、center、resolution等。

参考动画地址：https://easings.net/#

1. 普通平移动画

普通平移动画方便简单，获取当前视图缩放级别，设置平移中心点即可。

view.animate({zoom: view.getZoom(),center
});

2. 弹性平移动画

弹性平移在普通平移的基础上加上动画函数。

view.animate({zoom: 10,center,duration: 2000,easing: elastic}
);

3. 弹跳平移动画

弹跳平移可以设置多段动画，可以使用OpenLayers提供的动画函数upAndDown，也可以自定义动画函数。

view.animate(//第一段动画{zoom: zoom - 1,center,duration: 1000,// easing: ol.easing.upAndDowneasing: easeInBounce},//第二段动画{zoom: zoom,center,duration: 1000,// easing: ol.easing.upAndDowneasing: easeInBounce}
);

4. 旋转平移动画

旋转动画主要设置rotation参数，其值为弧度大小，-Math.PI * 2<=rotation<=Math.PI * 2

view.animate({zoom: 10,center,rotation: Math.PI},{zoom: 10,center,rotation: Math.PI * 2}
);

5. 飞行平移动画

在飞行动画中，可以设置多段动画效果，改变飞行过程中缩放级别参数，在动画结束时恢复动画开始之前的缩放级别。

view.animate({zoom: zoom,center,duration: 2000},{zoom: zoom - 1,center,duration: 1000},{zoom: zoom,center,duration: 1000}
)

6. 完整代码

其中libs文件夹下的包需要更换为自己下载的本地包或者引用在线资源。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>地图动画</title><meta charset="utf-8" /><script src="../../libs/js/jquery-2.1.1.min.js"></script><script src="../../js/ol9.2.4.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../css/ol9.2.4.css"><style>* {padding: 0;margin: 0;font-size: 14px;font-family: '微软雅黑';}html,body {width: 100%;height: 100%;}#map {position: absolute;top: 50px;bottom: 0;width: 100%;}#top-content {position: absolute;width: 100%;height: 50px;line-height: 50px;background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff00cc, #ffcc00, #00ffcc, #ff0066);color: #fff;text-align: center;}.animate {border-radius: 5px;border: 1px solid #50505040;padding: 5px 20px;color: #fff;margin: 0 10px;background: #377d466e;transition: background-color 10s ease-in-out 10s;text-align: center;font-size: 16px;font-weight: bold;}.animate:hover {cursor: pointer;filter: brightness(120%);background: linear-gradient(135deg, #c850c0, #4158d0);}.active {background: linear-gradient(135deg, #c850c0, #4158d0);}.ol-popup {position: relative;font-size: 16px;color: #4c4c4c;background-color: #FFF;border-radius: 5px;}.ol-popup::before {display: block;content: "";width: 0;height: 0;border-left: 15px solid transparent;border-right: 15px solid transparent;border-top: 10px solid #FFF;position: absolute;bottom: -8px;left: 50%;transform: translateX(-50%);}.ol-popup-main {padding: 20px;}.ol-popup-close {position: absolute;display: inline-block;top: -6px;right: 5px;color: #878282b5;font-size: 20px;}.ol-popup-text {font-size: 14px;font-weight: bold;color: #434343;}.ol-popup-close:hover {cursor: pointer;color: #0e0e0eb5;filter: brightness(120%);}</style>
</head><body><div id="map" title="地图显示"></div><div id="top-content"><button class="animate simple-animate">普通平移</button><button class="animate flex-animate">弹性平移</button><button class="animate jump-animate">弹跳平移</button><button class="animate rotate-animate">旋转平移</button><button class="animate fly-animate">飞行平移</button><button class="animate reset">复位</button></div>
</body></html><script>//地图投影坐标系const projection = ol.proj.get('EPSG:3857');//==============================================================================////============================天地图服务参数简单介绍==============================////================================vec：矢量图层==================================////================================img：影像图层==================================////================================cva：注记图层==================================////======================其中：_c表示经纬度投影，_w表示球面墨卡托投影================////==============================================================================//const TDTImgLayer = new ol.layer.Tile({title: "天地图影像图层",source: new ol.source.XYZ({url: "http://t0.tianditu.com/DataServer?T=img_w&x={x}&y={y}&l={z}&tk=2a890fe711a79cafebca446a5447cfb2",attibutions: "天地图注记描述",crossOrigin: "anoymous",wrapX: false})})const TDTImgCvaLayer = new ol.layer.Tile({title: "天地图影像注记图层",source: new ol.source.XYZ({url: "http://t0.tianditu.com/DataServer?T=cia_w&x={x}&y={y}&l={z}&tk=2a890fe711a79cafebca446a5447cfb2",attibutions: "天地图注记描述",crossOrigin: "anoymous",wrapX: false})})const map = new ol.Map({target: "map",loadTilesWhileInteracting: true,view: new ol.View({center: [104.0635986160487, 30.660919181071225],// center: [11444274, 12707441],zoom: 5,worldsWrap: true,minZoom: 1,maxZoom: 20,projection: "EPSG:4326"}),layers: [TDTImgLayer, TDTImgCvaLayer],// 地图默认控件controls: ol.control.defaults.defaults({zoom: true,attribution: true,rotate: true})})map.on('click', evt => {console.log(evt.coordinate)})/*** 添加图层*/function addPoint(center, popupEle) {const point = new ol.source.Vector({features: [new ol.Feature({geometry: new ol.geom.Point(center)})]})const layer = new ol.layer.Vector({source: point,style: new ol.style.Style({image: new ol.style.Circle({radius: 5,fill: new ol.style.Fill({color: "red"})})})})layer.set("name", "pointLayer")const marker = new ol.Overlay({id: "maker",position: center,element: popupEle,offset: [0, -20], // x、y轴偏移量，正值向右向下，负值相反positioning: 'bottom-center', // 定位方式，顶部居中// aotuPan: true,// autoPanMargin: 1.25,})map.addOverlay(marker)map.addLayer(layer)}/*** 移除图层*/function clearPoint() {const layers = map.getLayers().getArray()layers.forEach(layer => {if (layer.get("name") === "pointLayer") {map.removeLayer(layer)}})const overlays = map.getOverlays().getArray()overlays.forEach(overlay => {map.removeOverlay(overlay)})}const view = map.getView()/*** 普通平移*/const simpleAnimateEle = document.querySelector(".simple-animate")simpleAnimateEle.addEventListener("click", evt => {clearPoint()toogleAciveClass(evt.target)const center = [24.22230887826462, 11.917610630971534]view.animate({zoom: view.getZoom(),center});const popupEle = createPopupEle("这里是非洲！")addPoint(center, popupEle)})// 获取弹性伸缩值function elastic(t) {return Math.pow(2, -10 * t) * Math.sin(t - 0.075) * (2 * Math.PI) + 1}/*** 弹性平移*/  const flexAnimateEle = document.querySelector(".flex-animate")flexAnimateEle.addEventListener("click", evt => {clearPoint()toogleAciveClass(evt.target)const center = [120.1585181123716, 30.252189829156805]view.animate({zoom: 10,center,duration: 2000,easing: elastic});const popupEle = createPopupEle("这里是杭州！")addPoint(center, popupEle)})function easeOutBounce(x) {const n1 = 7.5625;const d1 = 2.75;if (x < 1 / d1) {return n1 * x * x;} else if (x < 2 / d1) {return n1 * (x -= 1.5 / d1) * x + 0.75;} else if (x < 2.5 / d1) {return n1 * (x -= 2.25 / d1) * x + 0.9375;} else {return n1 * (x -= 2.625 / d1) * x + 0.984375;}}function easeInBounce(number) {return 1 - easeOutBounce(1 - number);}/*** 弹跳平移*/  const jumpAnimateEle = document.querySelector(".jump-animate")jumpAnimateEle.addEventListener("click", evt => {clearPoint()toogleAciveClass(evt.target)const center = [103.83814721904622, 36.05218284753544]const zoom = view.getZoom()view.animate({zoom: zoom - 1,center,duration: 1000,// easing: ol.easing.upAndDowneasing: easeInBounce},{zoom: zoom,center,duration: 1000,// easing: ol.easing.upAndDowneasing: easeInBounce});const popupEle = createPopupEle("这里是兰州！")addPoint(center, popupEle)})/*** 旋转平移*/  const rotateAnimateEle = document.querySelector(".rotate-animate")rotateAnimateEle.addEventListener("click", evt => {clearPoint()toogleAciveClass(evt.target)const center = [104.0635986160487, 30.660919181071225]view.animate({zoom: 10,center,rotation: Math.PI},{zoom: 10,center,rotation: Math.PI * 2});const popupEle = createPopupEle("这里是成都！")addPoint(center, popupEle)})/*** 飞行平移*/    const flyAnimateEle = document.querySelector(".fly-animate")flyAnimateEle.addEventListener("click", evt => {clearPoint()toogleAciveClass(evt.target)const center = [113.2562927875718, 23.134318823592487]const zoom = view.getZoom()view.animate({zoom: zoom,center,duration: 2000},{zoom: zoom - 1,center,duration: 1000},{zoom: zoom,center,duration: 1000})const popupEle = createPopupEle("这里是广州！")addPoint(center, popupEle)})/*** 复位*/  document.querySelector(".reset").addEventListener('click', evt => {clearPoint()toogleAciveClass(evt.target)const center = [112.21975149119689, 30.33501910629522]view.animate({ zoom: view.getZoom() }, { center: center }, { rotation: 0 });const popupEle = createPopupEle("这里是荆州！")addPoint(center, popupEle)})/*** 切换激活样式*/function toogleAciveClass(target) {// 判断top-content子元素是否激活，并切换激活样式const swipeBtnLike = document.querySelector('#top-content')for (let element of swipeBtnLike.children) {if (target === element) {target.classList.add('active')} else {element.classList.remove('active')}}}/*** 创建Popup 内容* @mainContent：HTML 或者 文字*/function createPopupEle(mainContent) {const htmlEle = document.createElement("div")const closeEle = document.createElement('span')const mainEle = document.createElement('div')mainEle.className = 'ol-popup-main'console.log(typeof mainContent)const contentType = typeof mainContentif (contentType === 'object') {mainEle.appendChild(mainContent)} else if (contentType === 'string') {mainEle.innerHTML = mainContent}closeEle.textContent = "×"closeEle.className = "ol-popup-close"htmlEle.className = "ol-popup"htmlEle.appendChild(mainEle)htmlEle.appendChild(closeEle)// 注册关闭popup事件closeEle.addEventListener('click', evt => {clearPoint()})return htmlEle}
</script>

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