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七、小白如何用Pygame制作一款跑酷类游戏（碰撞检测）

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前言

本篇文章主要介绍主角人物与障碍物和金币之间的碰撞检测，在设计过程中对于障碍物只是选择了其1/3的部分与主角的全面部分进行碰撞检测。对于金币则是金币图片的整个矩形框与主角矩形框之间的碰撞检测。

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一、金币碰撞音效和障碍物碰撞受伤音效的添加

二、代码部分

1.障碍物碰撞

为了降低游戏难度，选择图片的中间三分之一部分与主角进行碰撞检测

 #计算中间三分之一的起始 x 坐标和宽度start_x = arect.width // 3middle_third_width = arect.width // 3# 提取中间三分之一区域middle_third_rect = (start_x, 0, middle_third_width, arect.height)middle_third_surface = a.subsurface(middle_third_rect)mrect=middle_third_surface.get_rect()mrect.topleft=(arect.left+arect.width//3,arect.top)if mrect.colliderect(myself.rect):injure = pygame.mixer.Sound('music/injure1.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(injure)myself.life-=1barrier[i]=1else:screen.blit(a, arect)

2.金币碰撞

代码如下：

 #及时从金币精灵族移除不需要的金币精灵for goldsprite in goldGroup:# 人与金币碰撞检测 发生碰撞之后 金币增加if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(goldsprite, myself):# 响一下音效nosun = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/gold.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(nosun)goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)if goldsprite.rect.right<=0:goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)

3.runner_main的全部代码

import pygamefrom Gold import Gold
import random
from Myself import Myself
import ospygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1080, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption('跑酷游戏')
#背景图
bg_image_path1 = 'material/image/background4.jpg'
bg_img_obj1 = pygame.image.load(bg_image_path1).convert_alpha()
#道路图
road_image_path= 'material/image/road1.png'
road_img_obj=pygame.image.load(road_image_path).convert_alpha()
#距离图
km_image_path= 'material/image/km.png'
km_img_obj=pygame.image.load(km_image_path).convert_alpha()
#按键图
keyUp_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardUpUp.png'
keyUp_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyUp_image_path).convert_alpha()
keyLeft_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardLEFT.png'
keyLeft_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyLeft_image_path).convert_alpha()
keyDown_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardDown.png'
keyDown_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyDown_image_path).convert_alpha()
font_path = 'material/ziti/AlimamaFangYuanTiVF-Thin-2.ttf'  # 例如 'SimSun.ttf'
chinese_font = pygame.font.Font(font_path, 30)
text_surface = chinese_font.render('跳跃', True, (0, 0, 255))
text1_surface = chinese_font.render('疾跑', True, (0, 0, 255))
text2_surface = chinese_font.render('滑行', True, (0, 0, 255))
#创建两个存放障碍图片对象的数组
#存放向上的
uplist=[]
#存放向下的
downlist=[]
upadress=['up1.png','up2.png','up3.png','up4.png']
downadress=['platform1.png','platform2.png','platform3.png','platform4.png','platform5.png']
#根据图像的位置加入到相应的数组当中
for i in range(len(downadress)):stone_image_path= 'material/image/stone/'+downadress[i]stone_img_obj=pygame.image.load(stone_image_path).convert_alpha()downlist.append(stone_img_obj)
for i in range(len(upadress)):stone_image_path= 'material/image/stone/'+upadress[i]stone_img_obj=pygame.image.load(stone_image_path).convert_alpha()uplist.append(stone_img_obj)
#因为金币不唯一，所以创建一个精灵族来存放所有的金币精灵
goldGroup = pygame.sprite.Group()
barriarMargin=290
def init():fps = 60running = Trueindex = 0left = 0right = 1080margin = 3myself = Myself()pygame.mixer.music.load(os.path.join('material/music', 'bgm1.mp3'))pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)km = '0'#标志位是否暂停isPause = Falsebarrier = []while running:# 获取键盘的按下事件，与抬起不同keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = False#空格键作为暂停键 当空格键抬起时触发暂停动作#如果当前是运动状态，抬起空格变为暂停#如果当前是暂停状态，抬起空格变为运动elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:if not isPause:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:isPause = Trueelse:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:isPause = False#暂停状态下，道路不会向左滑动if isPause:margin=0else:margin=3#通过提升道路的滑动效果体现出疾跑的效果if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:margin=8screen.blit(bg_img_obj1, (0, 0))screen.blit(road_img_obj, (left, 465))screen.blit(road_img_obj, (right, 465))#键位介绍screen.blit(keyUp_img_obj, (900, 5))screen.blit(text_surface, (980, 23))screen.blit(keyLeft_img_obj, (900, 70))screen.blit(text1_surface, (980, 88))screen.blit(keyDown_img_obj, (900, 135))screen.blit(text2_surface, (980, 148))if left<=-1080:left=left+2160if right<=-1080:right=right+2160#计划在右半边的时候加入静态的障碍，所以要在某一时刻确定要加入的对象#于是在当右半边移动到左边尽头的时候确定下来接下来的对象#这里采用随机数的方法barrier = []for i in range(0,4):random_number = random.randint(1, 15)if 10 <= random_number <= 15:gold1=Gold()gold2=Gold()gold3=Gold()gold1.loc=i*barriarMargingold2.loc=i*barriarMargin+1*70gold3.loc=i*barriarMargin+2*70goldGroup.add(gold1)goldGroup.add(gold2)goldGroup.add(gold3)barrier.append(1)elif random_number == 1:barrier.append(2)elif random_number == 2:barrier.append(3)elif random_number == 3:barrier.append(4)elif random_number == 4:barrier.append(5)elif random_number == 5:barrier.append(6)elif random_number == 6:barrier.append(7)elif random_number == 7:barrier.append(8)elif random_number == 8:barrier.append(9)elif random_number == 9:barrier.append(10)if -1080<right<1080:for sprite in goldGroup:sprite.rect.left=sprite.loc+rightgoldGroup.draw(screen)goldGroup.update(index)for i in range(len(barrier)):if barrier[i]==2:a = uplist[0]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 465)elif barrier[i]==1:continueelif barrier[i]==3:a = uplist[1]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 460)elif barrier[i]==4:a = uplist[2]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 455)elif barrier[i]==5:a = uplist[3]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 460)elif barrier[i]==6:a = downlist[0]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 330)elif barrier[i]==7:a = downlist[1]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 350)elif barrier[i]==8:a = downlist[2]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 365)elif barrier[i]==9:a = downlist[3]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 350)elif barrier[i]==10:a = downlist[4]arect = a.get_rect()arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 210)start_x = arect.width // 3middle_third_width = arect.width // 3# 提取中间三分之一区域middle_third_rect = (start_x, 0, middle_third_width, arect.height)middle_third_surface = a.subsurface(middle_third_rect)mrect = middle_third_surface.get_rect()mrect.topleft = (arect.left + arect.width // 3, arect.top)if mrect.colliderect(myself.rect):injure = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/injure1.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(injure)barrier[i] = 1else:screen.blit(a, arect)#及时从金币精灵族移除不需要的金币精灵for goldsprite in goldGroup:# 人与金币碰撞检测 发生碰撞之后 金币增加if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(goldsprite, myself):# 响一下音效nosun = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/gold.mp3')pygame.mixer.Sound.play(nosun)goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)if goldsprite.rect.right<=0:goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)# 暂停状态下，主角也要保持静止，也就是说主角直保持一个动作，因此要传递一个参数给主角精灵# 通过按下键盘的事件更改主角的状态，因此也需传递一个参数给主角来决定状态比如奔跑、跳跃以及滑行screen.blit(myself.image, myself.rect)myself.update(index,keys,isPause)screen.blit(km_img_obj, (10, 70))km_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 30)km_num_surface = km_font.render(km, True, (0, 0, 255))screen.blit(km_num_surface, (80, 88))if index%6==0:km = str(int(km) + margin)index += 1pygame.display.update()clock.tick(fps)left -= marginright -= margin
if __name__=="__main__":init()

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实现效果

跑酷游戏碰撞检测效果