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XWPFDocument导出word文件

news 来源：原创 2025/6/30 13:26:49

一、背景介绍：

在我们日常工作中，难免遇到需要导出docx文件的时候，也就是导出word文件，今天就简单介绍一下通过POI的XWPFDocument来导出word文件。

二、代码实现：

2.1、word文本

我们给导出的word文件写一段文字。

package com.relation.web.controller.export;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Objects;/*** @author huhy* @version 1.0* @Description:* @ClassName Date:2025/6/28 23:17*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/testExportController")
public class TestExportController {@PostMapping("/exportWordFile")public void exportWordFile(HttpServletResponse response){//创建XWPFDocumentXWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument();//创建段落XWPFParagraph p = doc.createParagraph();XWPFRun run = p.createRun();run.setText("这是一个测试文本");run.setFontSize(14);ServletOutputStream outputStream = null;try{outputStream = response.getOutputStream();response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+ URLEncoder.encode("测试导出.docx", "UTF-8"));doc.write(outputStream);}catch (Exception e){log.error(e.getMessage(),e);throw new RuntimeException("导出异常");}finally {if(Objects.nonNull(outputStream)){try {outputStream.close();doc.close();}catch (Exception e){}}}}
}

2.2、word表格

2.1中给word中写了一段文字，这次我们给word文件写一个表格。

package com.relation.web.controller.export;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTTblWidth;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.STTblWidth;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Objects;/*** @author huhy* @version 1.0* @Description:* @ClassName Date:2025/6/28 23:17*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/testExportController")
public class TestExportController {@PostMapping("/exportWordFile")public void exportWordFile(HttpServletResponse response){//创建XWPFDocumentXWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument();//创建段落XWPFParagraph p = doc.createParagraph();XWPFRun run = p.createRun();run.setText("这是一个测试文本");run.setFontSize(14);//初始化一个两行、4列的表格XWPFTable table = doc.createTable(2, 4);CTTblWidth width = table.getCTTbl().addNewTblPr().addNewTblW();width.setType(STTblWidth.PCT);width.setW(BigInteger.valueOf(5000)); // 5000=100%table.getRow(0).getCell(0).setText("导出测试表格");String[] headers = {"序号","姓名","年龄","城市"};for(int i=0; i<headers.length; i++) {table.getRow(1).getCell(i).setText(headers[i]);}// 添加数据行String[][] data = {{"1","小永哥","18","北京"},{"2","胡彪","45","吉林"}};for(String[] rowData : data) {XWPFTableRow row = table.createRow();for(int i=0; i<rowData.length; i++) {row.getCell(i).setText(rowData[i]);}}ServletOutputStream outputStream = null;try{outputStream = response.getOutputStream();response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+ URLEncoder.encode("测试导出.docx", "UTF-8"));doc.write(outputStream);}catch (Exception e){log.error(e.getMessage(),e);throw new RuntimeException("导出异常");}finally {if(Objects.nonNull(outputStream)){try {outputStream.close();doc.close();}catch (Exception e){}}}}
}

2.3、基于模板导出

在2.1和2.2步骤中，我们已经实现了简单的文本和表格的输出，不过代码基本上写死了，不太灵活，其实在实际开发过程中，常用的套路是创建模板，然后用真实的数据替换模板中的占位符或者是书签来达到动态生成文件的效果，我们简单来实现一下。

2.3.1、首先创建一个模板，然后给模板中添加一下书签。

2.3.2、将创建好书签的模板存放到某个位置，这个位置可以是本地、也可以是文件服务器上，这个按实际项目要求来就好。

package com.relation.web.controller.export;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTable;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableRow;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTBookmark;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;/*** @author huhy* @version 1.0* @Description:* @ClassName Date:2025/6/28 23:17*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/testExportController")
public class TestExportController {@PostMapping("/exportWordFile")public void exportWordFile(HttpServletResponse response){Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("model/导出模板.docx");//创建XWPFDocumentXWPFDocument doc = null;ServletOutputStream outputStream = null;try{doc = new XWPFDocument(resource.getInputStream());//获取段落List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = doc.getParagraphs();for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : paragraphs) {//从段落中获取书签List<CTBookmark> bookmarkStartList = paragraph.getCTP().getBookmarkStartList();for (CTBookmark ctBookmark : bookmarkStartList) {String ctBookmarkName = ctBookmark.getName();if("exportTitle".equals(ctBookmarkName)){// 清除原有内容paragraph.getRuns().forEach(run -> run.setText("", 0));// 添加新内容paragraph.createRun().setText("导出测试标题！！");}if("tableTitle".equals(ctBookmarkName)){// 清除原有内容paragraph.getRuns().forEach(run -> run.setText("", 0));// 添加新内容paragraph.createRun().setText("测试导出表格标题！！");}if("tableInfo".equals(ctBookmarkName)){// 在书签位置创建表格XWPFTable table = doc.insertNewTbl(paragraph.getCTP().newCursor());//删除默认行table.removeRow(0);//插入3行for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {table.createRow();}List<XWPFTableRow> rows = table.getRows();String[] headers = {"序号","姓名","年龄","城市"};XWPFTableRow headerRow = table.getRow(0);for(int i=0; i<headers.length; i++) {headerRow.createCell().setText(headers[i]);}// 添加数据行String[][] data = {{"1","小永哥","18","北京"},{"2","胡彪","45","吉林"}};for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {XWPFTableRow row = table.getRow(i+1);String[] rowData = data[i];for(int j=0; j<rowData.length; j++) {row.createCell().setText(rowData[j]);}}}}}//检查段落中的书签outputStream = response.getOutputStream();response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+ URLEncoder.encode("测试导出.docx", "UTF-8"));doc.write(outputStream);}catch (Exception e){log.error(e.getMessage(),e);throw new RuntimeException("导出异常");}finally {if(Objects.nonNull(outputStream)){try {outputStream.close();doc.close();}catch (Exception e){}}}}
}