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基于Java Swing的固定资产管理系统设计与实现：附完整源码与论文

news 来源：原创 2025/6/8 12:34:05

Java+SQL企业固定资产管理系统

一、系统概述

本系统采用Java Swing开发桌面应用，结合SQL Server数据库实现企业固定资产的全生命周期管理。系统支持资产入库、领用、调拨、维修、报废等业务流程，提供资产盘点、报表统计等功能，满足企业对固定资产信息化管理的需求。

二、系统架构设计

1. 技术选型

  • 前端：Java Swing
  • 后端：Java SE
  • 数据库：SQL Server 2019
  • 数据访问：JDBC
  • 报表工具：JasperReports
  • 开发工具：Eclipse

2. 系统架构

├── src
│   ├── main
│   │   ├── java
│   │   │   └── com
│   │   │       └── fixedasset
│   │   │           ├── controller (控制器层)
│   │   │           ├── model (模型层)
│   │   │           ├── view (视图层)
│   │   │           ├── dao (数据访问层)
│   │   │           └── utils (工具类)
│   │   └── resources
│   │       └── db.properties (数据库配置)

三、核心代码实现

1. 数据库连接工具类

// DBConnectionUtil.java
public class DBConnectionUtil {private static Connection connection;private static final String URL;private static final String USERNAME;private static final String PASSWORD;private static final String DRIVER;static {try {Properties properties = new Properties();InputStream inputStream = DBConnectionUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");properties.load(inputStream);URL = properties.getProperty("url");USERNAME = properties.getProperty("username");PASSWORD = properties.getProperty("password");DRIVER = properties.getProperty("driver");Class.forName(DRIVER);} catch (Exception e) {throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);}}public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {if (connection == null || connection.isClosed()) {connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);}return connection;}public static void close(Connection conn, Statement stmt, ResultSet rs) {try {if (rs != null) rs.close();if (stmt != null) stmt.close();if (conn != null) conn.close();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

2. 资产实体类

// Asset.java
public class Asset {private int id;private String assetCode;private String assetName;private String specification;private String model;private String categoryId;private double purchasePrice;private Date purchaseDate;private String supplier;private String departmentId;private String location;private String custodian;private int status; // 1:在用, 2:闲置, 3:维修, 4:报废private Date createTime;private Date updateTime;// getters and setters
}

3. 资产数据访问类

// AssetDAO.java
public class AssetDAO {public List<Asset> getAllAssets() {List<Asset> assets = new ArrayList<>();String sql = "SELECT * FROM assets ORDER BY createTime DESC";try (Connection conn = DBConnectionUtil.getConnection();Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql)) {while (rs.next()) {Asset asset = new Asset();asset.setId(rs.getInt("id"));asset.setAssetCode(rs.getString("assetCode"));asset.setAssetName(rs.getString("assetName"));asset.setSpecification(rs.getString("specification"));asset.setModel(rs.getString("model"));asset.setCategoryId(rs.getString("categoryId"));asset.setPurchasePrice(rs.getDouble("purchasePrice"));asset.setPurchaseDate(rs.getDate("purchaseDate"));asset.setSupplier(rs.getString("supplier"));asset.setDepartmentId(rs.getString("departmentId"));asset.setLocation(rs.getString("location"));asset.setCustodian(rs.getString("custodian"));asset.setStatus(rs.getInt("status"));asset.setCreateTime(rs.getDate("createTime"));asset.setUpdateTime(rs.getDate("updateTime"));assets.add(asset);}} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return assets;}public boolean addAsset(Asset asset) {String sql = "INSERT INTO assets (assetCode, assetName, specification, model, " +"categoryId, purchasePrice, purchaseDate, supplier, departmentId, " +"location, custodian, status, createTime, updateTime) " +"VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, GETDATE(), GETDATE())";try (Connection conn = DBConnectionUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {pstmt.setString(1, asset.getAssetCode());pstmt.setString(2, asset.getAssetName());pstmt.setString(3, asset.getSpecification());pstmt.setString(4, asset.getModel());pstmt.setString(5, asset.getCategoryId());pstmt.setDouble(6, asset.getPurchasePrice());pstmt.setDate(7, new java.sql.Date(asset.getPurchaseDate().getTime()));pstmt.setString(8, asset.getSupplier());pstmt.setString(9, asset.getDepartmentId());pstmt.setString(10, asset.getLocation());pstmt.setString(11, asset.getCustodian());pstmt.setInt(12, asset.getStatus());int rows = pstmt.executeUpdate();return rows > 0;} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}public boolean updateAsset(Asset asset) {String sql = "UPDATE assets SET assetName = ?, specification = ?, model = ?, " +"categoryId = ?, purchasePrice = ?, purchaseDate = ?, supplier = ?, " +"departmentId = ?, location = ?, custodian = ?, status = ?, " +"updateTime = GETDATE() WHERE id = ?";try (Connection conn = DBConnectionUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {pstmt.setString(1, asset.getAssetName());pstmt.setString(2, asset.getSpecification());pstmt.setString(3, asset.getModel());pstmt.setString(4, asset.getCategoryId());pstmt.setDouble(5, asset.getPurchasePrice());pstmt.setDate(6, new java.sql.Date(asset.getPurchaseDate().getTime()));pstmt.setString(7, asset.getSupplier());pstmt.setString(8, asset.getDepartmentId());pstmt.setString(9, asset.getLocation());pstmt.setString(10, asset.getCustodian());pstmt.setInt(11, asset.getStatus());pstmt.setInt(12, asset.getId());int rows = pstmt.executeUpdate();return rows > 0;} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}public boolean deleteAsset(int id) {String sql = "DELETE FROM assets WHERE id = ?";try (Connection conn = DBConnectionUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {pstmt.setInt(1, id);int rows = pstmt.executeUpdate();return rows > 0;} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}
}

4. 资产领用管理

// AssetUseDAO.java
public class AssetUseDAO {public boolean recordAssetUse(AssetUseRecord record) {String sql = "INSERT INTO asset_use_records (assetId, userId, useDate, reason, status, createTime) " +"VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, GETDATE())";try (Connection conn = DBConnectionUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {pstmt.setInt(1, record.getAssetId());pstmt.setInt(2, record.getUserId());pstmt.setDate(3, new java.sql.Date(record.getUseDate().getTime()));pstmt.setString(4, record.getReason());pstmt.setInt(5, record.getStatus());int rows = pstmt.executeUpdate();// 更新资产状态if (rows > 0) {updateAssetStatus(record.getAssetId(), 1); // 在用}return rows > 0;} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}private void updateAssetStatus(int assetId, int status) {String sql = "UPDATE assets SET status = ? WHERE id = ?";try (Connection conn = DBConnectionUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {pstmt.setInt(1, status);pstmt.setInt(2, assetId);pstmt.executeUpdate();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public List<AssetUseRecord> getAssetUseRecordsByAssetId(int assetId) {List<AssetUseRecord> records = new ArrayList<>();String sql = "SELECT * FROM asset_use_records WHERE assetId = ? ORDER BY useDate DESC";try (Connection conn = DBConnectionUtil.getConnection();PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {pstmt.setInt(1, assetId);ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();while (rs.next()) {AssetUseRecord record = new AssetUseRecord();record.setId(rs.getInt("id"));record.setAssetId(rs.getInt("assetId"));record.setUserId(rs.getInt("userId"));record.setUseDate(rs.getDate("useDate"));record.setReason(rs.getString("reason"));record.setStatus(rs.getInt("status"));record.setCreateTime(rs.getDate("createTime"));records.add(record);}} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return records;}
}

5. 资产盘点功能

// AssetInventoryService.java
public class AssetInventoryService {private AssetDAO assetDAO = new AssetDAO();private InventoryDAO inventoryDAO = new InventoryDAO();public Inventory createInventory(String inventoryName, String creatorId, List<Integer> assetIds) {Inventory inventory = new Inventory();inventory.setInventoryName(inventoryName);inventory.setCreatorId(creatorId);inventory.setCreateTime(new Date());inventory.setStatus(1); // 进行中// 保存盘点单inventoryDAO.saveInventory(inventory);// 添加盘点资产for (Integer assetId : assetIds) {Asset asset = assetDAO.getAssetById(assetId);if (asset != null) {InventoryItem item = new InventoryItem();item.setInventoryId(inventory.getId());item.setAssetId(assetId);item.setAssetCode(asset.getAssetCode());item.setAssetName(asset.getAssetName());item.setLocation(asset.getLocation());item.setCustodian(asset.getCustodian());item.setStatus(0); // 未盘点inventoryDAO.saveInventoryItem(item);}}return inventory;}public void completeInventoryItem(int itemId, int actualStatus, String notes) {inventoryDAO.updateInventoryItemStatus(itemId, actualStatus, notes, new Date());}public InventoryReport generateInventoryReport(int inventoryId) {InventoryReport report = new InventoryReport();Inventory inventory = inventoryDAO.getInventoryById(inventoryId);report.setInventory(inventory);List<InventoryItem> items = inventoryDAO.getInventoryItemsByInventoryId(inventoryId);report.setItems(items);// 统计盘点结果int totalCount = items.size();int foundCount = 0;int missingCount = 0;int damagedCount = 0;for (InventoryItem item : items) {if (item.getStatus() == 1) { // 已盘点-存在foundCount++;} else if (item.getStatus() == 2) { // 已盘点-缺失missingCount++;} else if (item.getStatus() == 3) { // 已盘点-损坏damagedCount++;}}report.setTotalCount(totalCount);report.setFoundCount(foundCount);report.setMissingCount(missingCount);report.setDamagedCount(damagedCount);return report;}
}

四、系统界面设计

1. 主界面

// MainFrame.java
public class MainFrame extends JFrame {private JTabbedPane tabbedPane;private AssetManagerPanel assetManagerPanel;private AssetUsePanel assetUsePanel;private InventoryPanel inventoryPanel;private ReportPanel reportPanel;public MainFrame() {setTitle("企业固定资产管理系统");setSize(1200, 800);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setLocationRelativeTo(null);initComponents();}private void initComponents() {// 菜单栏JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();JMenu systemMenu = new JMenu("系统");JMenuItem loginItem = new JMenuItem("登录");JMenuItem logoutItem = new JMenuItem("退出");systemMenu.add(loginItem);systemMenu.addSeparator();systemMenu.add(logoutItem);JMenu assetMenu = new JMenu("资产管理");JMenuItem addAssetItem = new JMenuItem("新增资产");JMenuItem manageAssetItem = new JMenuItem("资产列表");JMenuItem categoryManageItem = new JMenuItem("资产分类");assetMenu.add(addAssetItem);assetMenu.add(manageAssetItem);assetMenu.addSeparator();assetMenu.add(categoryManageItem);JMenu operationMenu = new JMenu("资产操作");JMenuItem useItem = new JMenuItem("资产领用");JMenuItem returnItem = new JMenuItem("资产归还");JMenuItem transferItem = new JMenuItem("资产调拨");JMenuItem repairItem = new JMenuItem("资产维修");JMenuItem scrapItem = new JMenuItem("资产报废");operationMenu.add(useItem);operationMenu.add(returnItem);operationMenu.add(transferItem);operationMenu.add(repairItem);operationMenu.add(scrapItem);JMenu inventoryMenu = new JMenu("资产盘点");JMenuItem createInventoryItem = new JMenuItem("创建盘点单");JMenuItem manageInventoryItem = new JMenuItem("盘点管理");inventoryMenu.add(createInventoryItem);inventoryMenu.add(manageInventoryItem);JMenu reportMenu = new JMenu("报表统计");JMenuItem assetReportItem = new JMenuItem("资产报表");JMenuItem inventoryReportItem = new JMenuItem("盘点报表");JMenuItem depreciationReportItem = new JMenuItem("折旧报表");reportMenu.add(assetReportItem);reportMenu.add(inventoryReportItem);reportMenu.add(depreciationReportItem);menuBar.add(systemMenu);menuBar.add(assetMenu);menuBar.add(operationMenu);menuBar.add(inventoryMenu);menuBar.add(reportMenu);setJMenuBar(menuBar);// 标签页tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane();assetManagerPanel = new AssetManagerPanel();assetUsePanel = new AssetUsePanel();inventoryPanel = new InventoryPanel();reportPanel = new ReportPanel();tabbedPane.addTab("资产管理", assetManagerPanel);tabbedPane.addTab("资产领用", assetUsePanel);tabbedPane.addTab("资产盘点", inventoryPanel);tabbedPane.addTab("报表统计", reportPanel);add(tabbedPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);}public static void main(String[] args) {SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {try {UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}new MainFrame().setVisible(true);});}
}

2. 资产列表面板

// AssetManagerPanel.java
public class AssetManagerPanel extends JPanel {private JTable assetTable;private AssetTableModel tableModel;private JComboBox<String> statusComboBox;private JComboBox<String> categoryComboBox;private JTextField searchField;public AssetManagerPanel() {setLayout(new BorderLayout());// 初始化工具栏initToolBar();// 初始化表格tableModel = new AssetTableModel();assetTable = new JTable(tableModel);JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(assetTable);add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);// 加载资产数据loadAssets();}private void initToolBar() {JPanel toolBarPanel = new JPanel();toolBarPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));// 添加资产按钮JButton addButton = new JButton("添加资产");addButton.addActionListener(e -> openAddAssetDialog());// 编辑资产按钮JButton editButton = new JButton("编辑资产");editButton.addActionListener(e -> openEditAssetDialog());// 删除资产按钮JButton deleteButton = new JButton("删除资产");deleteButton.addActionListener(e -> deleteSelectedAsset());// 刷新按钮JButton refreshButton = new JButton("刷新");refreshButton.addActionListener(e -> loadAssets());// 导出按钮JButton exportButton = new JButton("导出");exportButton.addActionListener(e -> exportAssets());// 搜索组件statusComboBox = new JComboBox<>(new String[] {"全部状态", "在用", "闲置", "维修", "报废"});initCategoryComboBox();searchField = new JTextField(20);JButton searchButton = new JButton("搜索");searchButton.addActionListener(e -> searchAssets());toolBarPanel.add(addButton);toolBarPanel.add(editButton);toolBarPanel.add(deleteButton);toolBarPanel.add(new JSeparator(SwingConstants.VERTICAL));toolBarPanel.add(refreshButton);toolBarPanel.add(exportButton);toolBarPanel.add(new JSeparator(SwingConstants.VERTICAL));toolBarPanel.add(statusComboBox);toolBarPanel.add(categoryComboBox);toolBarPanel.add(searchField);toolBarPanel.add(searchButton);add(toolBarPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);}// 其他方法省略...
}

五、系统部署与测试

1. 环境要求

  • JDK 1.8+
  • SQL Server 2017+
  • JDBC驱动：mssql-jdbc-10.2.1.jre8.jar
  • JasperReports：jasperreports-6.17.0.jar

2. 部署步骤

  1. 创建SQL Server数据库并执行建表脚本
  2. 配置db.properties中的数据库连接信息
  3. 使用Maven或IDE打包项目
  4. 运行程序：java -jar fixed-asset-system.jar

3. 测试用例

// AssetDAOTest.java
public class AssetDAOTest {private AssetDAO assetDAO = new AssetDAO();@Beforepublic void setUp() {// 初始化测试环境}@Testpublic void testAddAsset() {Asset asset = new Asset();asset.setAssetCode("A0001");asset.setAssetName("联想笔记本电脑");asset.setSpecification("i7-12700H/16G/512G");asset.setModel("ThinkPad X1 Carbon");asset.setCategoryId("1"); // 电子设备asset.setPurchasePrice(12999.00);asset.setPurchaseDate(new Date());asset.setSupplier("联想科技有限公司");asset.setDepartmentId("101"); // 研发部asset.setLocation("A栋301室");asset.setCustodian("张三");asset.setStatus(1); // 在用boolean result = assetDAO.addAsset(asset);assertTrue(result);}@Testpublic void testUpdateAsset() {// 先添加一个资产Asset asset = new Asset();asset.setAssetCode("A0002");asset.setAssetName("戴尔台式机");asset.setSpecification("i5-12400/8G/512G");asset.setModel("OptiPlex 7010");asset.setCategoryId("1"); // 电子设备asset.setPurchasePrice(5999.00);asset.setPurchaseDate(new Date());asset.setSupplier("戴尔科技有限公司");asset.setDepartmentId("102"); // 市场部asset.setLocation("B栋201室");asset.setCustodian("李四");asset.setStatus(1); // 在用assetDAO.addAsset(asset);// 获取资产并更新List<Asset> assets = assetDAO.getAllAssets();Asset toUpdate = assets.get(0);toUpdate.setLocation("B栋202室");toUpdate.setCustodian("王五");boolean result = assetDAO.updateAsset(toUpdate);assertTrue(result);}@Testpublic void testDeleteAsset() {// 先添加一个资产Asset asset = new Asset();asset.setAssetCode("A0003");asset.setAssetName("打印机");asset.setSpecification("黑白激光");asset.setModel("HP M402dne");asset.setCategoryId("2"); // 办公设备asset.setPurchasePrice(3299.00);asset.setPurchaseDate(new Date());asset.setSupplier("惠普科技有限公司");asset.setDepartmentId("103"); // 财务部asset.setLocation("C栋101室");asset.setCustodian("赵六");asset.setStatus(1); // 在用assetDAO.addAsset(asset);// 获取资产ID并删除List<Asset> assets = assetDAO.getAllAssets();int id = assets.get(0).getId();boolean result = assetDAO.deleteAsset(id);assertTrue(result);}
}

六、毕业设计文档框架

1. 论文框架

  1. 引言
  2. 相关技术综述
  3. 系统需求分析
  4. 系统设计
  5. 系统实现
  6. 系统测试
  7. 总结与展望

2. 其他文档

  • 开题报告：研究背景、目的、意义、国内外现状、研究内容与方法等
  • 任务书：系统功能要求、技术指标、进度安排等
  • 中期考核报告：项目进展情况、已完成工作、遇到问题及解决方案等
  • 评语表：指导教师对学生毕业设计的评价
  • 答辩PPT：系统概述、需求分析、设计方案、实现情况、测试结果等

七、总结

本系统实现了企业固定资产的信息化管理，采用Java+SQL Server技术栈，具有良好的可扩展性和维护性。系统覆盖了固定资产全生命周期管理，提供了完善的功能模块和报表统计，可有效提升企业固定资产管理效率和水平。

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